Unit 1. THE GENERATION GAP
A. VOCABULARY
1. afford /ə'fɔ:d/ (v.) có khả năng chi trả
2. attitude /'ætɪtju:d/ (n.) thái độ
3. burden /'bɜ:dn/ (n.) gánh nặng
4. casual /'kæʒuəl/ (adj.) bình thường, thường ngày
5. comfortable /'kʌmftəbl/ (adj.)thoải mái
6. compare /kəm'peə(r)/ (v.) so sánh
7. conflict / kɒnflɪkt/ (n.) cuộc xung đột
8. control /kən'trəʊl/ (v.) điểu khiển
9. curfew/'kə:fju:/ (n.)lệnh giớinghiêm
10. dye /daɪ/ (v.) nhuộm
11. elegant /'elɪgənt/ (adj.) thanh lịch
12. flashy /'flæʃi/ (adj.) hào nhoáng
13. forbid /fə'bɪd/ (v.) cấm, ngăn cấm
14. force /fɔ:s/(v.) bắt buộc
15. frustrating /frʌs'treɪtɪŋ/ (adj.)khó chịu, bực mình
16. interact /ˌɪntə'rækt/ (v.) tương tác, giao tiếp
17. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ (v.)phán xét, đánh giá
18. mature /mə'tʃʊə(r)/ (adj.) trưởng thành, chín chắn
19. norm /nɔ:m/ (n.) chuẩn mực
20. obey /ə'beɪ/(v.) vâng lời, tuân thủ
21. pierce /pɪəs/ (v.) xâu khuyên (tai,...)
22. rude /ru:d/ (adj.) thô lỗ, lỗ mãng
23. sibling /'sɪblɪŋ/ (n.)anh/ chị/ em ruột
24. skinny /skɪni/ (adj.)bó sát, ôm sát
25. spit /spɪt/ (v.) khạc nhổ
26. swear /sweə(r)/ (v) thề, chửi thề
27. tight /taɪt/ (adj.) bó sát, chật
28. trend/trend/ (n.) xu hướng
29. trivial /'trɪviəl/ (adj.)nhỏ nhặt

30. value /'vælju:/ (n.) giá trị
31. brand name /brænd neɪm/ (compound n.) nhãn hiệu, thương hiệu
32. bridge the gap /brɪdʒ ðə gæp/ (idiom) giảm thiểu sự khác biệt
33. change one's mind /tʃeɪndʒ wʌnz maɪnd/ (idiom) thay đổi quan điểm
34. childcare /'tʃaɪldkeə(r)/(compound n.)việc chăm sóc con cái
35. conservative /kən'sɜ:vətɪv/(adj.) bảo thủ
36. disapproval /ˌdɪsə'pru:vəl/ (n.) sự phản đối, không tán thành
37. disrespect /ˌdɪsrɪ'spekt/ (v) không tôn trọng
38. experienced /ɪk'spɪəriənst/ (adj.) có kinh nghiệm
39. extended family /ɪk'stendɪd 'fæməli/ (compound n.) gia đình đa thế hệ
40. extracurricular activity /ˌekstrəkə'rɪkjələr æk' tɪvəti/ (compound n.) hoạt động ngoại khóa
41. fashionable /'fæʃənəbəl/ (adj.) hợp thời trang, theo mốt
42. financial burden /faɪ'nænʃ1 'bɜ:dən/ (compound n.) gánh nặng tài chính
43. follow in one's footsteps /'fɒləʊ ɪn wʌnz 'fʊtsteps/ (idiom) theo bước, nối nghiệp
44. generation gap /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən ɡæp/ (compound n.) khoảng cách giữa các thế hệ
45. homestay /'həʊmsteɪ/ (n) du lịch nghỉ tại nhà dân

46. impose ... (on sb) /ɪm'pəʊz/ (v. phr.) áp đặt cái gì vào ai
47. junk food /ˈdʒʌŋk ˌfuːd/(compound n.) đồ ăn vặt
48. multi-generational /ˈmʌlti ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl/ (adj.) đa thế hệ, nhiều thế hệ
49. nuclear family /ˈnjuːkliə ˈfæməli/ (compound n.) gia đình hạt nhân
50. objection /əbˈdʒekʃən/ (n.) sự phản kháng
51. open-minded /ˈəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/ (adj.) cởi mở
52. outweigh /ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ (v) vượt trội, nhiều hơn
53. perception /pəˈsepʃən/ (n.) nhận thức
54. perspective /pəˈspektɪv/ (n.) góc nhìn/ quan điểm
55. privacy /ˈprɪvəsi/ (n.) sự riêng tư
56. relaxation /ˌri:lækˈseɪʃən/ (n.) thư giãn, giải trí
57. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbəl/ (adj.) có trách nhiệm, chịu trách nhiệm
58. state-owned /steɪt əʊnd/ (adj.)thuộc về nhà nước
59. soft drink /ˌsɒft ˈdrɪŋk/ (n.) nước ngọt, đồ uống có ga
60. table manners /ˈteɪbəl ˈmænərz/(compound n.) cung cách ứng xử tại bàn ăn
61. taste in /teɪst ɪn / (n. phr.) thị hiếu về, khiếu thẩm mỹ về
62. viewpoint /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ (n.) quan điểm
63. work out /wɜ:k aʊt/ (phr. v.) tìm ra



I. Choose the best options to fill in the blanks.
1. You will get into trouble if you come back home after the ____.
A. norm B. curfew C. value
2. She doesn't want to waste her money on clothes, so she ignores the ____ fashion trend.
A. comfortable B. current C. mature
3. When you ride a motorbike, you must ____ the general road rules.
A. judge B. force C. obey
4. I decided to get my nose ____ last week.
A. pierced B. forbade C. afforded
5. Instead of ____ someone by their appearance, you should get to know them better.
A. swearing B. judging C. controlling
6. Having two children in a family is becoming the ____ in some Asian countries.
A. norm B. privacy C. conflict
7. For a change, why don't you ____ your hair red?
A. control B. force C. dye
8. My parents do not want me to wear ____ dresses because they think that they aren't suitable for my age.
A. tight B. casual C. rude
9. I don't understand why you like ____ clothes. They are too bright and young for your age.
A. flashy B. fashionable C. comfortable
10. She whispered a ____ that her sibling wouldn't die.
A. sibiling B. burden C. prayer
II. . Complete the following sentences using the given words.
elegant trivial compared forbid
frustrating afford conflict interacts

1. His conservative character would frequently bring him into _________________________ with others.
2. She is really beautiful in that ______________________ dress.
3. The challenges I must face were nothing ______________________ to yours.
4. It is ______________________ that I must be responsible for all what they did.
5. I have no time to care about such ______________________ things.
6. My parents _______________________ me to be rude to others.
7. It is really interesting to see how everyone ______________________ in the party.
8. It's hard to believe that she can ______________________ a new house on her salary.
III. Complete the following sentences using the given words.
change your mind impose good taste in bridge the gap follows in
1. If you want to succeed in that aspect, you must _________________________.
2. I don't want to _________________________ my decisions on my children.
3. Open communication can ___________________________ between parents and children.
4. She _________________________ her mother's footsteps, becoming a doctor.
5. The fashion designer has exercised _________________________ her use of various colors and patterns.

state-owned open-minded work out financial burden homestay
6. She must shoulder the _________________________ after her husband's death.
7. Scientists are discussing to _________________________ the best solution to this problem.
8. We recommend _________________________ for students who want to live with local families.
9. Parents tend to be more _________________________ about the children's hairstyles.
10. After graduating from his university, he wants to have a job in a _________________________ company.
B. GRAMMAR
I. Complete the sentences using the given words.
mustn't don't have to should ought
1. You ____________________________ type your essay but if you want, you can do it.
2. I ____________________________ go home too late. My parents are very strict.
3. She is an expert adviser; thus, I think you ____________________________ to ask her for some advice.
4. You _____________________________ ask your teacher if you don't understand the lesson.
shouldn't have to ought not must
5. I ____________________________ finish homework before going to class. My teacher is rather strict.
6. We ____________________________ show respect to our parents.
7. I think you ____________________________ stay up late because it is not good for your health.
8. If you want to help your friend, you _____________________________ to do her homework. Instead, you should show her how to do it by herself.

II. Choose one of the two bold words which best completes the sentences.
1. It's cold. You should/shouldn't turn on the fan.
2. You ought not to/ought to do homework before you go out with your friends.
3. You should/shouldn't eat plenty of fruit or vegetables every day in order to keep healthy.
4. You must/mustn't eat in the class.
5. You ought to/ought not to drink a lot of water every day.
6. I must/have to submit my homework before 12 o'clock because the deadline is 12 o'clock.
7. I must/have to stay at home to take care of my children.
8. My friend says: "You don't have to/mustn't drink champagne. You can have a coke or fruit juice instead.
9. You don't have to/mustn't drink if you're going to drive afterwards.
10. You don't have to/mustn't pick up Tom at the airport because Judy will pick him up.

III. Rewrite each sentence using the word(s) in the brackets, without changing its meaning.
1. If I were you, I would spend more time talking with my children.
______________________________________________________________________________
2. John doesn't get permission to use that computer. ______________________________________________________________________________
3. It is necessary that people who work here leave by 6 p.m
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Every staff isn't allowed to smoke or eat in the office. ______________________________________________________________________________
5. Customers are advised to check their luggage before leaving the airport.
______________________________________________________________________________
6. It is forbidden for students to cheat in the exam. ______________________________________________________________________________
7. Ms. Ly is in charge of cleaning the floor every day. ______________________________________________________________________________
8. You are not allowed to take photographs in the museum. ______________________________________________________________________________
9. It would be a good idea for you to share the housework with your mother. ______________________________________________________________________________
10. It is not necessary for Jack to call Ben today. ______________________________________________________________________________

TESST FOR UNIT 1
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. access B. afford C. brochure D. casual
2. A. behaviour B. determined C. counselor D. decisive
3. A. donate B. compare C. campaign D. flashy
4. A. experience B. mobility C. independent D. prioritise
5. A. romantic B. solution C. protective D. elegant
6. A. legal B. obey C. forbid D. impose
7. A. constitution B. disrespectful C. sympathetic D. elongated
8. A. generational B. interpersonal C. discrimination D. nationality
9. A. studious B. unite C. mature D. involve
10. A. frustrating B. charity C. impairment D. infectious
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
11. I live in a/an ____ with my parents and my elder sister in the coastal area.
A. extended family B. nuclear family C. extended house D. nuclear house
12. One advantage of living in a/an ____ is to strengthen relationship between young children and adults.
A. nuclear family B. nuclear house C. extended family D. extended house
13. In my opinion, family members are responsible for ____.
A. the housework B. the chores C. homework D. A and B
14. My grandpa is the most conservative person in my family. He never ____ about way of life.
A. gives his opinion B. changes his mind C. gives his view D. keeps in mind
15. After graduating from university, I want to ____ my father's footsteps.
A. follow in B. succeed in C. go after D. keep up
16. In a nuclear family, both mother and father have responsibility for housekeeping and ____.
A. child care B. homework C. childcare D. generation gap
17. Four generations living in the same roof will have different ____ of lifestyle.
A. gaps B. rules C. manners D. viewpoints
18. Luckily, my parents are always willing to listen to my new ideas. They're very ____.
A. narrow-minded B. open-minded C. elegant D. careful
19. My mother ____ me from going home after 10 p.m. every day.
A. forbids B. allows C. lets D. All are correct
20. Anna often dresses ____ when going to the parties in order to attract her friends' attention.
A. plainly B. properly C. flashily D. soberly
21. We're surprised by Joe's ____ every Monday. He changes it at least 4 times a month.
A. hairstyle B. lifestyle C. viewpoint D. manner
22. I rarely eat ____ and drink ____ because they're not food for health.
A. snack/energy drink B. fast food/juice C. fruit/alcoholic drink D. junk food/soft drink
23. Generation ____ is the difference in the thoughts and viewpoints amongst generations living together.
A. distance B. gap C. space. D. All are correct
24. I was tired and couldn't ____ on doing my research project properly.
A. concentrate B. look C. pay attention D. Both A and C
25. My parents don't let me get married until I graduate from university and they never ____ their mind about that.
A. keep B. impose C. focus D. change
26. The ____ arises when Jack and his parents have considerable disagreement on his choice of university.
A. discrimination B. conflict C. agreement D. gap
27. I do morning exercise and play volleyball regularly so as to keep ____ and be healthier.
A. fit B. good shape C. healthy D. strong
28. Since the family law was implemented, domestic violence has been a rare ____ in this area.
A. happen B. taking place C. occurrence D. happenstance
29. My father used to ____ a lot of challenges before establishing his own insurance company.
A. provide B. enjoy C. give D. face
30. I wish I could do something to reduce financial ____ on my parents.
A. capital B. burden C. limit D. gap

Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
31. Despite being a kid, Tuan always helps his mother do the chores every day.
A. homework B. works C. housework D. house duties
32. When I was a child, my mother used to teach me table manners.
A. etiquette B. rule C. problem D. norm
33. Many parents find it hard to understand their children when they are teenagers.
A. adults B. elders C. adolescents D. kids
34. There're many problems which are unavoidable when living in an extended family.
A. profits B. issues C. views D. merits
35. Mary has a strong desire to make independent decisions.
A. dependent B. self-confident C. self-confessed D. self-determining
36. My mother mistakenly believes that my fashion style breaks the norm of society.
A. routine B. barrier C. rule D. conflict
37. I always look at this matter from a different viewpoint.
A. point of view B. view from point C. idea D. opinion
38. We find it unattractive when dress flashily.
A. luxuriantly B. ostentatiously C. cheaply D. fashionably
39. Consuming too much junk food increases the risk of obesity.
A. decrease B. reduce C. rise D. raise
40. I feel extremely depressed as conflict occurs frequently amongst generations in my family.
A. comes on B. comes up C. comes in D. comes into

Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
41. If you live in an extended family, you'll have great joy and get support of other members.
A. close family B. traditional family C. nuclear family D. large family
42. Our mother encourages us to be open-minded about new opinions and experiences
A. optimistic B. elegant C. close-knit D. narrow-minded
43. Domestic violence is strictly forbidden all over the world.
A. permitted B. limited C. restricted D. prohibited
44. Jane found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
A. disagreement B. harmony C. controversy D. fighting
45. I can't concentrate on my work because of the noise caused by my children.
A. focus B. abandon C. neglect D. allow
46. My grandpa's point of view about marriage remains conservative.
A. progressive B. traditional C. retrogressive D. conventional
47. Finally, I decide to follow in my father's footsteps to work in state-owned enterprise.
A. private-owned B. public limited C. privately-owned D. government-owned
48. My grandma usually takes care of us when my parents are away on business.
A. follows B. abandons C. concerns D. bothers
49. We greatly respect my teacher for all of the best things that she brought to us.
A. look up to B. look forwards C. look for D. look down on
50. I regretted not to buy those trendy shoes through lack of money.
A. shortage B. abundance C. scarcity D. deficiency

Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
51. All students ____ wear uniforms at school because it is a rule.
A. should B. have to C. ought to D. must
52. You ____ finish your homework before you go to bed.
A. must B. have to C. should D. ought to
53. This drink isn't beneficial for health. You ____ drink it too much.
A. should B. ought to not C. ought not to D. mustn't
54. This warning sign indicates that you ____ step on the grass.
A. shouldn't B. mustn't C. don't have to D. ought not to
55. I think you ____ do exercise regularly in order to keep your body in good shape.
A. must B. should C. ought to D. Both B and C
56. I will lend you some money, but you ____ pay it back to me next week.
A. should B. have to C. must D. mustn't
57. Hoa ____ feed the cats because her mother has done it already.
A. has to B. doesn't have to C. must D. Both A and C
58. Those audiences ____ show their tickets before entering the concert hall.
A. have to B. must C. ought to D. don't have to
59. The children ____ spend too much time playing computer games.
A. mustn't B. ought to not C . shouldn't D. Both B and C
60. In case you're suffered from the injury, you ____ see the doctor today.
A. had better B. must C. ought D. have better
61. Water park is free for kids under 6 years old, so you ____ pay money for your son.
A. have to B. mustn't C. should D. don't have to
62. You look totally exhausted. You ____ take a rest instead of working overtime.
A. should B. ought C. must D. has better
63. Anyone ____ have a passport, even a visa when travelling all around the world.
A. ought to B. must C. should D. has to
64. In the peak season, travellers ____ book their accommodation in advance.
A. have to B. must C. should D. ought
65. My car broke down yesterday, so I ____ catch a taxi to the office.
A. have to B. had better C. had to D. has to
66. We ____ eat as much fruit as possible in order to get enough vitamins for our bodies.
A. had better B. should C. ought to D. All are correct
67. You ____ tell anyone what I've revealed to you. It's still a secret.
A. mustn't B. had better not C. ought not to D. don't have to
68. If you still want to maintain this relationship, you ____ behave improperly like that.
A. ought to not B. ought not to C. mustn't D. don't have to
69. When playing or swimming in the pool, children ____ be accompanied by their parents.
A. should B. must C. don't have to D. have to
70. We ____ go to work by car. Sky train is a wise choice during rush hour.
A. ought to B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. have to

Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
71. I will leave the party early because I must studying for my exam.
72. I stayed up late last night because I mustn't go to school on Sunday.
73. We ought to not play football as it's raining outside.
74. You mustn't to drive a car if you don't have a driving licence.
75. If you want some useful advice, you have better talk to your parents about your problem.
76. I had stay at home 3 days due to snowing heavily.
77. Because of his poverty, he has to struggling to make ends meet.
78. According to the rules of this game, you had better not drop the ball.
79. If you want to get a higher mark in the next test, you have better put more effort into vocabulary.
80. We shouldn't make an appointment with this doctor. You can see him whenever you want.
81. Look at the sky, it is going to rain. Thus, you must bring along a raincoat.
82. I ought to go home now because I don't want to walk in the dark.
83. As our teacher said yesterday, we ought to not worry about the mid-term test. Take it easy.
84. This competition is optional, so we not have to take part in it.
85. Despite having a little chance to win, you should give up your dream of becoming a star.
86. The professor told me that we should give this assignment in by Thursday at the latest.
87. What you should do now is to make slides for the presentation tomorrow as we have a little time left.
88. You have to apply for this position as soon as possible since it has only three vacancies.
89. Ms. Anna will give a fascinating lecture at 8 a.m., so you should be here at 7.45 to check in.
90. My advice is you have to consider carefully before making the final decision.

Exercise 8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Fathers in today families are spending more time with their children than at any point in the past 100 years. (106) ____ the number of hours the average woman spends at home with her children has declined since the early 1900s, as more and more women enter the workforce, there has been a decrease in the number of children per family and an increase in (107) ____ attention to each child. As a result, mothers today in the United States, (108) ____ those who work part- or full-time, spend almost twice as much time with each child as mothers did in the 1920s. People (109) ____ raised children in the 1940s and 1950s typically report that their own adult children and grandchildren communicate far better with their kids and spend more time (110) ____ with homework than they did.
America's children are also safer today than they've (111) ____ been. An infant was four times more likely to die in the 1950s than today. A parent then was 27 per cent more likely to lose an older teen (112) ____ death.
If we look back over the last millennium, we can see that families have always been diverse. In each period, families have solved one set of problems only to face new (113) ____. What works for a family in one economic and cultural setting doesn't work for a family in another. What's helpful (114) ____ one stage of a family's life may be (115) ____ at the next stage. If there is one lesson to be (116) ____ from the last millennium of family history, it's that families always have to (117) ____ with a changing world.
106. A. Although B. However C. Unless D. Besides
107. A. isolated B. individual C. unique D. single
108. A. adding B. counting C. taking D. including
109. A. whom B. which C. who D. when
110. A. helping B. to help C. help D. on help
111. A. never B. already C. ever D. just
112. A. in B. for C. to D. with
113. A. challanger B. challenges C. challenging D. challenged
114. A. at B. for C. in D. by
115. A. destruction B. destroying C. destroyed D. destructive
116. A. drawing B. drawn C. draw D. drew
117. A. put up B. live up C. go up D. catch up

Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
In American, although most men still do less housework than their wives, that gap has been halved since the 1960s. Today, 41 per cent of couples say they share childcare equally, compared with 25 percent in 1985. Men's greater involvement at home is good for their relationships with their spouses, and also good for their children. Hands-on fathers make better parents than men who let their wives do all the nurturing and childcare. They raise sons who are more expressive and daughters who are more likely to do well in school - especially in math and science.
In 1900, life expectancy in the United States was 47 years, and only four per cent of the population was 65 or older. Today, life expectancy is 76 years, and by 2025, it is estimated about 20 per cent of the U.S. population will be 65 or older. For the first time, a generation of adults must plan for the needs of both their parents and their children. Most Americans are responding with remarkable grace. One in four households gives the equivalent of a full day a week or more in unpaid care to an aging relative, and more than half say they expect to do so in the next 10 years. Older people are less likely to be impoverished or incapacitated by illness than in the past, and have more opportunity to develop a relationship with their grandchildren.
Even some of the choices that worry people the most are turning out to be manageable. Divorce rates are likely to remain high, and in many cases marital breakdown causes serious problems for both adults and kids. Yet when parents minimize conflict, family bonds can be maintained. And many families are doing this. More non-custodial parents are staying in touch with their children. Child-support receipts are rising. A lower proportion of children from divorced families are exhibiting problems than in earlier decades. And stepfamilies are learning to maximize children's access to supportive adults rather than cutting them off from one side of the family.

123. Which of the following can be the most suitable heading for paragraph 1?
A. Men's involvement at home B. Benefits of men's involvement at home
C. Drawbacks of men's involvement at home D. Children studying math and science
124. Nowadays, ____ of men help take care of children.
A. 50% B. 41% C. 25% D. 20%
125. According to the writer, old people in the USA ____.
A. are experiencing a shorter life expectancy B. receive less care from their children than they used to
C. have better relationships with their children and grandchildren D. may live in worst living conditions
126. Which of the following is NOT true about divorce rates in the USA?
A. They will still be high.
B. They can cause problems for both parents and children.
C. More problems are caused by children from divorced families.
D. Children are encouraged to meet their separate parents.
127. The word "equivalent” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. comparable B. opposed C. dissimilar D . constrasting
128. The word "manageable” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. difficult B. challenging C. demanding D. easy
129. The word “this” in the paragraph 3 refers to ____.
A. getting divorced B. minimizing conflict
C. causing problems to kids D. maintaining bonds
130. According to the writer, the future of American family life can be ____.
A. positive B. negative C. unchanged D. unpredictable