PASSIVE VOICE
Active: S + V + O

Passive: S + BE + V3/ ED + by O
I. Tense forms of Passive Verb : ( Caùc daïng thì cuûa nhöõng ñoäng töø theå thuï ñoäng )
1.Passive form of The present tense
( Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì hieän taïi ñôn)
S + Am / Is / Are + V3
Active
Ex : The news surprises me.
Ex : The news surprises Sam.
Passive
Ex : I am surprised by the news.
Ex : Sam is surprised by the news.
2. Passive form of The past tense ( Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì quaù khöù ñôn)
S + Was / Were + V3

Active
Ex : They bought this house last year.
Ex : I saw them yesterday.
Passive
Ex This house was bought last year.
Ex : They were seen yesterday.
3. Passive form of The past progressive tense
( Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì qk tieáp dieãn)
S + Was / Were + Being + V3
Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday.
Ex : She was talking to them when I came.
Ex : Dinner was being cooked by Mai at 6 p.m yesterday.
Ex : They were being talked to when I came.
4. Passive form of The present progressive tense
( Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì ht tieáp dieãn )
S + Am / Is / Are + being + V3
Ex : The secretary is copying some letters now.
Ex : Someone is building a new hospital.
Ex : Some letters are being copied by the secretary now.
Ex : A new hospital is being built.
5. Passive form of The present Perfect tense
(Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì hieän taïi ht )
S + Has / Have + Been + V3
Ex : I have just bought a car.
Ex : Phong has done these excercises for 3 hours.
Ex : A car has just been bought.
Ex : These exercises have been done for 3 hours by Phong.
6. Passive form of The past Perfect
(Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì quaù khöù ht )
S + Had + Been + V3
Ex : They had phoned me before they left.
Ex : I had been phoned before they left.
7. Passive form of The Future tense
(Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì töông lai ñôn)
S + Will + Be + V3
Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next week.
Ex : Cuc Phuong national park will be visited by Mai next week.

8. Passive form of The Future continuous tense
(Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì töông lai td )
S + Will + Be + Being + V3
Ex : They will be writing the lesson at 8 a.m tomorrow.

Ex : The lesson will be being written at 8 a.m tomorrow.
9. Passive form of The Future perfect tense
(Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì töông lai ht )
S + Will + Have + Been + V3
Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month.
Ex : Our work will have been finished by the end of this month.
10. Passive form of The Future perfect continuous tense
(Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì töông lai httd)
S +Will + Have Been + Being+V3
Ex : They will have been teaching English at this school by then.
Ex : English will have been being taught at this school by then.
11. Passive form of The present and past perfect continuous tense
(Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa thì hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh & quaù khöù hoaøn thaønh td )
S+Have/Has + Been + Being + V3
S + Had Been + Being + V3
Ex : They have been learning French for ten years.
Ex : We had been eating lunch before they called.
Ex : French has been being learned for ten years.
Ex : Lunch had been being eaten before they came.


II. PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES ( Daïng bò ñoäng cuûa trôï ñoäng töø hình thaùi hay khieám khuyeát )
Form : Modal + Be + pastparticiple
Active Modal Auxiliaries
Passive Modal Auxiliaries

Can
Could
May
Might
Have to
S + Has to + Be+ V3
Ought to
Should
Must
Used to
Be going to



Ex : I can do these exercises .
Ex : You have to clean the floor.
Ex :Ted should mail it.
Ex : They are going to build this bridge.



Ex : These exercises can be done.
Ex : The floor has to be cleaned.

Ex : It should be mailed.
Ex : This bridge is going to be built .
III / SOME OTHER CASES ( Moät soá tröôøng hôïp khaùc )
1. Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explain ………
A. S + V + That + Clause <=> It + Be + V3 + That + Clause
Ex : They think that he is a good teacher.
=> It is thought that he is a good teacher.
Ex : People say that we will pass this exam.
=> It is said that we will pass this exam.
B. S + V + That + Clause ( S2 + V2 + O2 ) <=> S2 + Be + V3 +To infinitive or perfect infinitive
Ex : People said that he had gone abroad.
=> It was said that he had gone abroad. Or He was said to have gone abroad.
Ex : They believe that he is a good singer.
=> It is believed that he is a good singer. Or He is believed to be a good singer.
2. S + V + Direct Object + To + V(inf.) <=> Direct Object + Be + V3 + To + V(inf.) ( advise, ask , force , encourage , invite , tell , allow , convince , warn ………… )
Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me. <=> Tom was asked to sit by me.
Ex : She told him not to look for a job. <=> He was told not to look for a job.
3. WH – WORD + [ WILL/ DOES / DO/ DID ] + S + V + O ? <=> WH – WORD + BE + S + V3 ?
Ex : Why did you explain it ? <=> Why was it explained ?
Ex : Where will you do these exercises tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ?
4. YES – NO QUESTION : DO / DOES / DID + S + V + O ? <=> IS / ARE / WAS / WERE + S + V3 ?
Ex : Do you solve this problem ? <=> Is this problem solved ?
Ex : Did your mother make some cakes ? <=> Were some cakes made by your mother ?
5. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE : V + O + ADVER B <=> LET + O + BE + V3 + ADVERB
Ex : Write your name here. <=> Let your name be written here .
Ex : Open your book now. <=> Let your book be opened now.
6. Note :
A.Traïng töø chæ theå caùch thöôøng ñöùng giöõa ñoäng töø Be vaø Past participle (Be + Adverb of manner +V3 ).
Ex : The little girl cleaned the floor carefully. <=> The floor was care fully cleaned by the little girl.
B. AVERB OF PLACE + BY + O
Ex : My daughter put the school-bag here. <=> The school- bag was put here by my daughter.
Exercise 1:
1) Mr Jones watches the film.
2) The people speak English.
3) He reads comics.
4) We play volleyball.
5) They sing the song.
6) I take photos.
7) She does the housework.
8) The policemen help the children.
9) He writes text messages.
10) Mother waters the flowers.
Exercise 2:
1) She bought four apples.
2) We won the match.
3) The man stole the blue car.
4) The police arrested the thieves.
5) Jack swam the 200 metres.
6) The dog bit the old lady.
7) Tom and Max ate five hamburgers.
8) Oliver taught the children.
9) Victoria rode the brown horse.
10) Grandmother told good stories.

Exercise 3:
1) Julia rescued three cats.
2) The students handed in the reports.
3) Maria crashed into the blue car.
4) Alex learned the poem.
5) Steven has forgotten the book.
6) The mechanic has not repaired the DVD recorder.
7) They play handball.
8) Sue puts the rucksack on the floor.
9) The girls had lost the match.
10) The teacher is not going to open the window.
Exercise 4: Put in the correct form of the verb in Passive into the gaps. Use the verb and the tense given in brackets.
Example:
A letter __________ by Peter. (to write - Simple Present)
Answer:
A letter is written by Peter.
1) The words…………………… by the teacher today. (to explain - Simple Present)
2) We …………………..a letter the day before yesterday. (to send - Simple Past)
3) This car……………………. It's too old. (not/to steal - will-future)
4) This street …………………………. because of snow. (already/to close - Present Perfect)
5) A new restaurant ……………………… next week. (to open - will-future)
6) He ………………….. to the party yesterday. (to invite - Simple Past)
7) The blue box …………………… (can/not/to see - Simple Present)
8) I…………………… the book by my friend last Sunday. (to give - Simple Past)
9) The dishes……………………. by my little brother. (not/to wash - Present Perfect)
10) I ………………………… by Robert. (not/to ask - will-future)
Exercise 5: Change the following sentences into passive voices
1) They don't speak English in this shop.
2) Kevin asked Dennis a question.
3) Somebody built the house last year.
4) She gives him a box.
5) Max will look after him.
6) The waiter brought Fred a big steak.
7) Somebody broke into our bungalow last Friday.
8) The teacher told us a joke.
9) They will meet Doris at the station.
10) Michael has not sent me a text message.