PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

Thì
Present simple
(Hiện tại đơn)
Past simple
(Quá khứ đơn)

Future Simple
(Tương lai đơn)

Present continuous
(Hiện tại tiếp diễn)

Past continuous
(Quá khứ tiếp diễn) 

Future continuous
(Tương lai tiếp diễn)

Present perfect

Cấu trúc

Ví dụ
The floor is cleaned everyday.

S + am/is/are + V3

→ Sàn nhà được lau dọn mỗi
ngày.
My bike was fixed yesterday.

S + were/was + V3 

S + will be + V3 

S + am/is/are + being + V3

S + were/was + being + V3

S + will be + being + V3

S + has/have + been + V3

(Hiện tại hoàn thành)

→ Xe đạp của tôi đã được sửa
ngày hôm qua rồi.
These goods will be sold in 2
months. 
→ Những hàng hóa này sẽ được
bán trong 2 tháng nữa.
The house is being
painted now. 
→ Ngôi nhà đang được sơn vào
lúc này.
The trees were being cut at 6
PM yesterday. 
→ Những cái cây này đã bị chặt
vào 6 giờ chiều hôm qua.
The animals will be being
fed by zookeepers at 7 AM
tomorrow. 
→ Các con vật sẽ được nhân
viên sở thú cho ăn vào 7 giờ
ngày mai.
This road has not been used for
2 years.
→ Con đường này đã không

1

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

Thì

Cấu trúc

Ví dụ
được sử dụng 2 năm rồi.

Past perfect
(Quá khứ hoàn thành)

Future perfect 
(Tương lai hoàn thành)

Present perfect continuous
(Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp
diễn)

S + had + been + V3

S + will have + been + V3

S + have/has + been + being
+ V3

Past perfect continuous
(Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp
diễn)

Future perfect continuous 
(Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp
diễn)

S + had + been +being + V3

S + will  have + been +being
+ V3

The exercises had been done by
them.
→ Bài tập đã được chúng tôi
hoàn thành xong.
This essay will have been
finished by 6 o'clock.
→ Bài luận này sẽ được hoàn
thành trước 6 giờ.
The robbers have been being
looked for by the police day and
night. 
→ Những tên cướp đã bị cảnh
sát truy lùng ráo riết ngày đêm.
The door had been
knocking since we came in.
→ Cánh cửa bị gõ liên tục kể từ
khi chúng tôi vào nhà.
The piano will have been being
played when she comes at 6
PM.
→ Piano sẽ được đánh khi cô ấy
đến vào lúc 6 giờ chiều.

Cách chuyển đổi câu chủ động sang câu bị động
Bước 1: Xác định các thành phần: S, V, O và thì của động từ trong câu
Bước 2: Chuyển O (câu chủ động) → S (câu bị động)
2

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

Bước 3: Chuyển S (câu chủ động) → by O (câu bị động). 
Bước 4: V chính (câu chủ động) → be + V3 (câu bị động).
Lưu ý

Ví dụ
Someone turned on the air
conditioner.

S (câu chủ động) là: People, everyone, someone, anyone. 
→ Có thể lược bỏ trong câu bị động.

→ The air conditioner was
turned on.
→ Ai đó đã bật máy lạnh
lên.

S (câu chủ động) chỉ người/vật trực tiếp gây ra hành động. 
→ By O

The cake is being cut by
him.  
→ Chiếc bánh được cắt
bởi anh ta.

S (câu chủ động) chỉ người/vật gián tiếp gây ra hành động. 
→ With O

The cake is being cut with
a knife.  
→ Chiếc bánh được cắt
bằng con dao.

Các dạng bị động nâng cao:
I- Bị động với động từ có 2 tân ngữ
Ta thường gặp một số câu có 2 tân ngữ đi sau động từ:
Ví dụ:
- He gave me a book.
Ta thấy sau động từ: "gave" có 2 tân ngữ là "me" và "a book". Trong 2 tân ngữ này thì "a book"
được gọi là tân ngữ trực tiếp (trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ "gave" – đưa.) Còn "me" được
gọi là tân ngữ gián tiếp (không trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ).

3

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

Ta hiểu động từ "đưa" ở đây là ta "cầm, nắm" "CÁI GÌ" ở trên tay rồi đứa "NÓ" cho "AI ĐÓ". Và
"CÁi GÌ" ở đây sẽ trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ nên gọi là tân ngữ trực tiếp. Còn "AI ĐÓ"
không trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ nên gọi là tân ngữ gián tiếp.
Ta có cấu trúc câu chủ động với động từ có 2 tân ngữ:
S + V + Oi + Od
Trong đó: S (subject): Chủ ngữ
V (verb): Động từ
Oi (indirect object): tân ngữ gián tiếp (Không trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ)
Od (direct object): tân ngữ trực tiếp (Tân ngữ trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ)
Câu bị động sẽ có 2 trường hợp như sau:
- TH1: ta lấy tân ngữ gián tiếp lên làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động
S + be + VpII + Od
- TH2: Ta lấy tân ngữ trực tiếp lên làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động:
S + be + VpII + giới từ + Oi
Ví dụ:
- Chủ động: She gave me an apple yesterday. (Cô ấy đưa cho tôi một quả táo ngày hôm qua.)
S V Oi Od
(me: tân ngữ gián tiếp; an apple: tân ngữ trực tiếp)
- Bị động: TH1: I was given an apple yesterday. (Tôi được cho một quả táo ngày hôm qua)
S be VpII Od
Ta lấy tân ngữ gián tiếp lên làm chủ ngữ nên "me" chuyển thành "I".
TH2: An apple was given to me yesterday. (Một quả táo được đưa cho tôi ngày hôm qua.)
S be VpII
Ta lấy tân ngữ trực tiếp "an apple" lên làm chủ ngữ và sau động từ phân từ 2 ta sử dụng giới từ
"to".
Ví dụ 2:
- Her mother bought her a book yesterday.
S V Oi Od
-> She was bought a book yesterday.
4

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

S be VpII Od
-> A book was bought for her yesterday.
S be VpII giới từ Oi
II- Bị động với động từ khuyết thiếu
Các động từ khuyết thiếu (modal verb)O: Can, could, would, should, may, might, need, must,
ought to
Chủ động : S + Modal V + V(nguyên thể) + O
Bị động: S + modal V + be + VpII + (+ by + O)
Ví dụ:
- Chủ động: She can speak English fluently.
- Bị động: English can be spoken fluently.
III- Bị động với "be going to"
Chủ động: S + be + going to + V + O
Bị động: S + be + going to + be + VpII + (by + O)
Ví dụ:
- My father is going to do the gardening.
-> The gardening is going to be done by my father.
IV- Bị động với câu mệnh lệnh thức
Ta thường gặp các câu mệnh lệnh thức như:
- Close the door! (Đóng cửa vào)
VO
- Open the book! (Mở sách ra)
VO
Ta thấy cấu trúc của của câu mệnh lệnh thức đó là:
Dạng chủ động: V + O
Bị động: S + should/ must + be + V-pII
Ví dụ:
- Chủ động: Clean the floor! (Hãy lau sàn nhà đi!)
- Bị động: The floor should be cleaned! (Sàn nhà nên được lau đi)
5

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

V- Cấu trúc bị động với chủ ngữ giả "it".
It + be + adj + (for sb) + to do st
-> It + be + adj + for st to be done
Ví dụ:
- It is easy to make this cake.
-> It is easy for this exercise to be made.
VI- Cấu trúc câu bị động với "make", "let", "have", "get"
Ta có:
* Make sb do st -> Make st done (by sb): bắt ai đó làm gì
Ví dụ:
- I made my son clean the floor.
-> I made the floor cleaned by my son.
* Let sb do st -> let st done (by sb): cho phép, để cho ai đó làm gì
Ví dụ:
My father let me cook the dinner yesterday.
-> My father let the dinner cooked by me yesterday.
* Have to do st -> St have to be done: phải làm gì
Ví dụ:
- My mother has to wash the clothes every day.
-> The clothes have to be washed by my mother every day.
* Have sb do st -> have st done (by sb): Nhờ ai đó làm gì
- I have the hairdresser cut my hair every month.
-> I have my hair cut by the hairdresser every month.
* Get sb to do st -> get st done (by sb): Nhờ ai đó làm gì
- She got her father turn on the TV.
-> She got the TV turned on by her father.
VII- Bị động kép
1. Khi V1 chia ở các thì hiện tại như hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, hiện tại hoàn thành.
S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V + ...
6

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

* TH1: It is + V1-pII that + S2 + V + ...
* TH2: Khi V2 chia ở thì hiện tại đơn hoặc tương lai đơn
S2 + is/ am/ are + V1-pII + to + V2(nguyên thể) +....
* TH3: Khi V2 chia ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc hiện tại hoàn hành
S2 + is/ am/ are + V1-pII + to have + V2-PII + ...
Ví dụ:
They think that she works very hard.
-> It is thought that she works very hard.
-> She is thought to work very hard.
They think that she worked very hard last year.
-> It is thought that she worked very hard last year.
-> She is thought to have worked very hard last year.
2. Khi V1 chia ở các thì quá khứ (quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn, quá khứ hoàn thành).
S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V + ....
* TH1: It was + V1-pII + that + S2 + V + ...
* TH2: Khi V2 chia ở thì quá khứ đơn:
S2 + was/ were + V1-pII + to + V2 (nguyên thể) + ...
* TH3: Khi V2 chia ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành:
S2 + was/ were + V1-pII + to + have + V2-pII + ...
Ví dụ:
People said that she was very kind.
-> It was said that she was very kind.
-> She was said to be very kind.
People said that she had been very kind.
-> It was said that she had been very kind.
-> She was said to have been very kind.
VIII. Câu bị động đặc biệt
1. Cách dùng của câu bị động
a) Dùng câu bị động khi không muốn ám chỉ tác nhân gây ra hành động
7

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

Dùng “by + tân ngữ O” là người
Eg: They stole her money
Her money was stolen (by them)
Dùng “with + tân ngữ (O)” là vật
Eg: Smoke filled the room
The room was filled with smoke
b) Khi viết về ngày sinh luôn viết ở quá khứ bị động
S + was/were + born ……………
Eg: I was born in 1994
---------------- THE END--------------

8

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

PRACTISE
Bài tập bị động với các thì cơ bản
1. A woman feeds the lions.
The lions ________________________
A. are fed
B. were fed by a woman.
2. A boy broke the window.
The window _____________________
A. was broken
B. is broken by a boy.
3. Somebody has made a mistake.
A mistake _______________________
A. was made
B. has been made.
4. Everybody is going to love him.
He _____________________________

9

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

A. is going to be loved
B. was going to be loved by everybody.
5. Cervantes wrote 'Don Quixote'.
'Don Quixote' _______________________
A. was written by Cervantes.
B. has been written by Cervantes.
6. They are helping my brother.
My brother ________________
A. is being helped by them.
B. is being helped 
7. Pamela will drive the taxi.
The taxi ____________________
A. will been driven
B. will be driven by Pamela.
8. I was watering these trees.
These trees ___________________
10

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

A. were being watered
B. are being watered by me.
9. I will pay the bill in 2 months.
The bill__________________
A. will pay in 2 months
B. will be paid in 2 months
10. Hoa is reading comics now.
Comics_________________ now.
A. is read
B. is being read
Bài tập Passive voice dạng câu hỏi
Do/does+s+v?

hiện tại-> đv ĐT Thường: S+V(s/es)/ S+ do/doesn't + V/
Đt tobe: s+am/is/are+0
Is+ S+V+O?

1. Do they teach English here?
 Is English taught here?…………………………………………………………………
2. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
11

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

…Will she be invited to your wedding party?
…………………………………………………………………………
3. Has Tom finished the work?
……………………………………………………………………………
4. Did the teacher give some exercises?
……………………………………………………………………………
5. Have you finished your homework?
……………………………………………………………………………
6. How many games has the team played?
……………………………………………………………………………
7. Where do people speak English?
……………………………………………………………………………
8. Who will look after the children for you?
By whom are the children looked after?

…………………………………………………………………
9. How long have they waited for the doctor?

12

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

……………………………………………………………………………
10. What time can the boys hand in their papers?
……………………………………………………………………………
11. Who lent you this book?
……………………………………………………………………………
12. How many marks does the teacher give you?
……………………………………………………………………………
Bài tập có 2 tân ngữ
1. The waiter brought me this dish.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Our friends send these postcards to us.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.
……………………………………………………………………………
13

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

5. You didn't show me the special cameras.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. He lends his friend his new shoes.
……………………………………………………………………………
8.She left her relatives five million pounds.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
……………………………………………………………………………
Bài tập chuyển câu bị động với động từ tường thuật
1. They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
……. I was told that you were the best architect in this city.
………………………………………………………………………

14

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

2. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. They promise that the performance will start on time.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. He recommends that we should stay in the city center.
……………………………………………………………………………
8. We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month.
……………………………………………………………………………
15

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

10. They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium.
……………………………………………………………………………
Chuyển câu bị động với động từ sai bảo
1. I had my uncle paint my room last week.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. She will have me wash the dishes tomorrow.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. They have her tell the story again.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. Anne had had a friend type her composition.
……………has ………………………………………………………………
6. Rick will have a barber cut his hair.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress.
16

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

……………………………………………………………………………
8. He got a mechanic to repair his car.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. We had a man take this photograph when we were on holiday last summer.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. The Greens had a carpet cleaner clean their carpet.
……………………………………………………………………………
DẠNG ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA
A. is
made
B. has
made

1. “What a lovely dress you're wearing!”
“Thank you. It …………… especially for me by my mother.”

C. made
D. was
made

2. I don't understand why the students didn't keep silent while the speech …………

A. has
been
made
B. was
made
C. would
be made

17

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

D. was
being
made
A. did it
make

3. This is the first time I have seen this car. Where ………………?

B. did it
made
C. was it
make
D. was it
made
A. are
preventing

4. Today, many serious childhood diseases ……………….. by early immunization.

B. can
prevent
C. prevent
D. can be
prevented
A. now
can
purchase

5. Whole-grain food products …………….. in most large supermarkets across the United
States and Canada.

B. can
now be
purchased
C. now to
purchase
D. the
purchase
of which

18

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

A. get rid
of
B. got rid
of

6. All that rubbish will have to be …………. at once.

C. to get
rid of
D. getting
rid of
A. has
sent
B. was
send

7. “What happened to the postman?”
“He …………………. to a new town to work.”

C. was
sent
D. sent
A. taking
B. took

8. Excuse me. Is this seat………………?

C. occupy
D. taken

9. There's somebody walking behind us. I think ………………. .

A. we are
following
B. we are
being
followed
C. we are
followed

19

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

D. we are
being
following
A. will
already
start

10. We're late. The film ……………… by the time we get to the cinema.

B. will be
already
started
C. will
already
have
started
D. will be
starting
A. was
stolen

11. I still can't believe it. My bicycle ……………… some minutes ago.

B. was
stealing
C. stolen
D. stole
A.
happened
B. was
happened

12. Some funny ……………… in class yesterday.

C.
happens
D. is
happened
20

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

PASSIVE VOICE EXERCISES
Choose the best answer
1. They spent a lot of money on food and clothes.
A. A lot of money on food were spent
B. A lot of money was spent on food and clothes
C. A lot of money were spent on food and clothes
D. Money was spent a lot on food and clothes
2. The restaurant serves seafood every Monday.
A. Seafood is served every Monday.
B. Seafood was served every Monday.
C. Seafood are served every Monday.
D. Seafood were served every Monday.
3. Mary informed the police of the news
A. The police was informed of the news.
B. The news was informed of the police.
C. The police were informed of the news.
D. The police of the news was informed by Mary.
4. The ambulance is taking the boy to hospital.
A. To the hospital is the boy being taken.
B. The boy is being taking to hospital.
C. The boy is being taken to hospital.
D. The boy is taken to hospital.
5. The engineers will construct a bridge over this house.
A. This house will be constructed over a bridge.
B. A bridge will be constructed over this house.
C. This house will be being constructed over a bridge.
D. A bridge will be being constructed over this house.
21

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

6. Someone has stolen his gun.
A. His gun has been stolen.
B. His gun has stolen.
C. He has been stolen the gun.
D. The gun has been stolen him.
7. We have to tell Mary about our change in plans.
A. Mary has to be told about our change in plans.
B. Our change in plans should be told for Mary.
C. Mary is told about our change in plans.
D. Our change in plans is told to Mary.
8. We thought you were serious when you said you were leaving. You were thought
___________when you said you were leaving
A. to have been serious
B. to being serious
C. to be serious
D. to have been seriously
9. The directors have fired those lazy clerks
A. Those lazy clerks have been fired.
B. Those lazy clerks has been fired.
C. Those lazy clerks had been fired.
D. Those lazy clerks were fired .
10. They didn't explain anything about that .
A. Nothing was explained about that .
B. That wasn't explained anything by them .
C. Anything wasn't explained about that .
D. Something wasn't explained about that .
11.They showed his photograph on television.
A. On television they have his photograph shown.
B. His photograph was shown on television.
22

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

C. His photograph is being shown on television.
D. The television was shown his photograph.
12. We must find this killer.
A. This killer we must find.
B. This killer is found.
C. This killer be found.
D. This killer must be found.
13. They signed the contract at lunchtime.
A. They were signed the contract at lunchtime.
B. At lunchtime the contract were signed
C. The contract at lunchtime was signed .
D. The contract was signed at lunchtime.
14. Someone ought to do something about it.
A. Something about it ought to be done.
B. Someone ought to be done about it.
C. Something ought to be done about it.
D. It ought to be done something by someone.
15. People should send their complaints to the head office.
A. Their complaints were sent to the head office.
B. The head office was sent their complaints.
C. Their complaints should be sent to the head office.
D. The head office should be sent complaints.
16. People don't use this road very often.
A. This road don't be used very often.
B. This road is not used very often.
C. This road is used not very often.
D. This road is not often used.
23

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

17. Miller has taken a lot of photographs.
A. Photographs have been taken by Miller.
B. Photographs have been taken a lot of by Miller.
C. A lot of photographs were taken by Miller.
D. A lot of photographs have been taken by Miller.
18. The teacher gave us two very difficult exercises.
A. We were given two very difficult exercises.
B. Two very difficult exercises were given to the teacher.
C. Two very difficult exercises were given to us.
D. Both (A) and (C) are correct.
19. They said that he was all right .
A. He said he was all right.
B. They were said him was all right .
C. He was said he was all right.
D. He was said to be all right .
20. The lawyer is interviewing the witness.
A. The witness is interviewed
B. The witness is being interviewed
C. The lawyer is interviewed
D. The lawyer is being interviewed
21. They are taking photographs of the event.
A. The event was taken photographs.
B. The event is taken photographs.
C. Photographs are taken of the event.
D. Photographs of the event are being taken.
22. How do people learn languages?
A. How are languages learned?
24

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

B. How are languages learned by people?
C. How languages are learned?
D. Languages are learned how?
23. Nobody told me that George was ill.
A. I was told that George wasn't ill.
B. I wasn't told that George was ill.
C. George wasn't told to be ill.
D. George was told not to be ill.
24. His colleagues gave him a present when he retired.
A. He was given a present when he retired.
B. A present was given by his colleagues when he retired.
C. He was given a present by his colleagues when he retired.
D. A present was given him when he retired.
25. We will send you the results as soon as they are ready.
A. You will be sent the results as soon as they are ready.
B. You will be sent the results as soon as they are ready by us.
C. The results will be sent you by us as soon as they are ready.
D. The results will be sent you as soon as they are ready by us.
26. Brian told me that somebody had attacked him in the street.
A. I was told by Brian that somebody had attacked him in the street.
B. I was told by Brian that he had been attacked in the street.
C. Brian told me to have been attacked in the street.
D. Brian told me that he had been attacked in the street.
27. They say that many people are homeless after the earthquake.
A. They say many people to have been homeless after the tsunami.
B. They say many people to be homeless after the tsunami.
C. Many people are said to have been homeless after the tsunami.
25

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

D. Many people are said to be homeless after the tsunami.
28. We'll have to find a new secretary soon.
A. A new secretary has to be found soon.
B. A new secretary must be found soon.
C. A new secretary is found soon.
D. A new secretary will have to be found soon.
29. We cannot do it that way.
A. It cannot do that way.
B. It cannot be done that way.
C. That way it can't be done.
D. That way can't be done.
30. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.
C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
31. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
A. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window.
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window.
C. They believe the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
D. They believe the thieves have got in through the kitchen window.
32. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. Over 200,000 people are reported to have been killed in the tsunami.
B. Over 200,000 people are reported to be killed in the tsunami.
C. Over 200,000 people are reported to have killed in the tsunami.
D. Over 200,000 people are reported to kill in the tsunami.
33. We found that they had cancelled the game.
26

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

A. We found that the game had been cancelled.
B. The game had been cancelled.
C. we found that the game had been cancelled by them.
D. The game were found to be cancelled
34. Where did they make your shoes?
A. Where were they made your shoes?
B. Where did your shoes made?
C. Where were your shoes made?
D. Where were your shoes make?
35. Keep the machine always clean.
A. The machine is always kept clean.
B. The machine should be kept clean always.
C. Let the machine always be kept cleaned.
D. Let the machine be always kept clean.
36. His relatives say that he is an adopted child. He is said ___an adopted child
A. to be
B. to being
C. to been
D. to have been
37. I found that what he said was incorrect .What he said ___ incorrect
A. was found
B. was found to be
C. was founded
D. has been found
38. We consider him the best speaker of the debate. He_____________ the best speaker of the
debate
A. is considered to be
B. is considering.
C. was considered
D. was considering
39. He sent me a nice gift on my birthday.
A. I was sent a nice gift on my birthday by him.
B. A nice gift was sent me on my birthday by him.
C. A nice gift was sent to me on my birthday by him.
27

PASSIVE VOICE – GRADE 12

D. Both A & C are correct.
40. They began to build the bridge two months ago.
A. The bridge was begun to build two months ago.
B. The bridge was begun to be built two months ago.
C. The bridge began to build two months ago.
D. The bridge began to be built two months ago.

28