Unit 1: a long and healthy life
A- Vocabulary
I. Complete the sentences with the words given.
muscles
diet
treatment
develop
active
repetitive
life
avoid
cut down
lifestyle
strength
fit
expectancy
1. The instructions give a balanced _______________, and protect against infections.
2. You must be very _______________ if you do so much running.
3. Regular exercise will help to strengthen your _______________.
4. We focus on the importance of _______________ participation by elderly people in the life of the
community.
5. _______________ for both men and women has improved greatly in the past 20 years.
6. Some of the tasks required considerable physical _______________.
7. There have been great advances in the _______________ of cancer.
8. You can change your eating habits and lead a healthier _______________.
9. Computers are now being brought into this career to perform _______________ tasks.
10. The doctor told him to _______________ on his drinking.
11. Some alcoholics _______________ liver cancer when they drink heavily.
12. Pregnant women should _______________ certain foods such as raw eggs.
II. Complete the sentences with the verbs given in the correct form.
fall
include
ensure
treat
give up
lead
help
give off
work out
stay
1. I go jogging every morning and _______________ with weights twice a week.
2. Peter has decided to _______________ football at the end of this season.
3. My father always _______________ a very active life.
4. How do you make this change and _______________ a balanced diet?
5. A healthy lifestyle _______________ taking exercise and not smoking.
6. The fire doesn't seem to _______________ much heat.
7. One in seven road accidents is caused by drivers _______________ asleep at the wheel.
8. Eat right to _______________ healthy.
9. It was difficult to _______________ patients because of a shortage of medicine.
10. Herbal products can _______________ you to relax and sleep well.
III. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word / phrase below.
immune system
life expectancy
ageing
workout
longevity
boosting
meditation
nutritious
1. _______________ takes many forms, but its core is the ability to control the mind and quieten it down.
2. Learning is the most fundamental brain _______________ - and the more you do it, the more you'll
benefit.
3. Research for more recent periods shows a surprising and continuing improvement in _______________
among those aged 80 or above.
4. Many individuals through the ages realized there was a very important link between health, exercise,
fitness, meditation, intelligence and _______________.
5. A research suggests that tai chi may also slow down _______________ by boosting a certain type of stem
cell.
6. Bird's nest soup brings overall benefit to the _______________ and it gives you glowing skin.
7. Widespread gardening provides an opportunity for exercise, sunlight and _______________ food for
people in Okinawa, Japan.
8. The first step in _______________ Nagano's life span was a campaign to reduce salt consumption and
promote a healthier diet and lifestyle.
IV. Complete the following famous sayings with the words below.

cheerfulness
nutrition
basis
fitness
cures
healthy
cleanliness
illness
disease
value
Best Sayings About Health & Nutrition
1. “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man ______________, wealthy and wise”, Benjamin Franklin.
2. “Physical ______________ is not only one of the most important keys to a healthy body, but it is also the
basis of dynamic and creative intellectual activity”, John F. Kennedy.
3. “Those who think they have no time for exercise will sooner or later have to find time for
______________,” Edward Stanley.
4. “Health is like money, we never have a true idea of its ______________ until we lose it,” Josh Billings.
5. “The doctor of the future will no longer treat the human frame with drugs, but rather will cure and prevent
disease with ______________,” Thomas Edison.
6. “A good laugh and a long sleep are the best ______________ in the doctor's book,” an Irish proverb.
7. “To ensure good health: eat lightly, breathe deeply, live moderately, cultivate, ______________ and
maintain an interest in life,” William Londen.
8. “Today, more than 95% of all chronic ______________ is caused by food choice, toxic food ingredients,
nutritional deficiencies and lack of physical exercise,” Mike Adams.
9. “Water, air and ______________ are the chief articles in my pharmacopoeia,” Napoleon I.
10. “By cleansing your body on a regular ______________ and eliminating as many toxins as possible from
your environment, your body can begin to heal itself, prevent disease, and become stronger and more
resilient than you ever dreamed possible!” Dr. Edward.
V. Complete the sentences with the words given.
disease
organisms
illness
infected
vaccine
antibiotics
bacteria
spread
food poisoning infectious
1. I'm taking ______________ for a throat infection.
2. Clean the wound so it doesn't get ______________.
3. Foot and mouth disease is caused by a highly ______________ virus which animals either eat or inhale.
4. All living ______________ have to adapt to changes in environmental conditions.
5. There is no ______________ against HIV infection.
6. ______________ is an illness of the stomach caused by eating food that contains harmful bacteria.
7. She sutlers from a rare ______________ of the brain.
8. Doctors say that his ______________ isn't life-threatening.
9. Some ______________ help the human body fight disease.
10. Some unhygienic conditions encourage the ______________ of disease.
 Prepositions
VI. Complete each sentence with the correct preposition.
1. They are looking ______________ ways to add further value ______________ their products.
2. He is receiving treatment ______________ cancer.
3. I don't have any sugar so you'll have to do ______________.
4. You can help prevent heart disease ______________ changing your lifestyle.
5. His back injury may prevent him ______________ playing in tomorrow's game.
6. The wood gave ______________ a sweet, perfumed smell as it burned.
7. Cut down ______________ fatty foods if you want to lose weight.
8. He has changed a lot ______________ the past decade.
9. Diseases that were once thought incurable can be treated ______________ antibiotics.
10. She suffers ______________ a rare bone disease.
B- GRAMMAR
I. Complete the sentences. Use the past simple in one sentence and the present perfect in the other.
1.
a Italy ______________ the World Cup in 2006. (win)
b He's happy because Manchester United ______________ all their matches this year. (win)
2.
a 'Can you tidy your room?' - 'I ______________ it this morning.' (tidy)

b 'Can you tidy your room?' - 'I ______________ it.' (tidy)
3.
a What time ______ you ______ home last night? (arrive)
b '_____ Ben _____?' - 'Yes, he's in the living room.' (arrive)
4.
a Come on, let's eat. Dad ______________ dinner. (cook)
b Who ______________ this food? It's delicious. (cook)
5.
a I ______________ lots of interesting people since I arrived. (meet)
b ______ you ______ anyone interesting while you were on holiday? (meet)
II. Complete the text using the present perfect or the past simple form of the verb in brackets.
I 1 ______________ (meet) Andy on a diving course when I was seventeen. We 2 ______________ (be)
together since then and in the last six years we 3 ______________ (visit) some awesome places on our
holidays. Last month, we 4 ______________ (decide) to get married. The wedding 5 ______________ (be)
great, but exhausting because we were underwater and I 6 ______________ (have) a big wedding dress on.
Since we got married, we 7 ______________ (not have) time to think or relax. These last few weeks 8
______________ (go) very fast. Time flies when you're in love.
III. Complete the text about young adventurers with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Young Adventurers
1
2
Most people ______________ (never visit) the North Pole, but Parker Wilson has. Last year, Parker
3
______________ (ski) 130 km across the Arctic in freezing temperatures. In the same year, he also
______________ (start) a Facebook page about climate change. It's amazing because Parker is only sixteen
years old and still 4 ______________ (not finish) school - he's a very young adventurer.
5
______________ you (ever be) to the South Pole? Maybe not, but in 2009, Katie Walter
6
______________ (walk) there and back in twenty days. She was only seventeen years old and she
7
______________ (make) a lot of money for charity.
Parker and Katie 8 ______________ (achieve) great things, but they are both still teenagers.
9
______________ they (do) too much, too young? Some people think so. Some psychologists say that it's
dangerous for teens to take these risks because their brains 10 ______________ (not develop) enough. Katie
and Parker probably disagree. What do you think?
IV. Complete the text about a veteran's story with the present perfect or past simple form of the verbs
below. Add already, just, or yet if necessary.
become
give
have
not be
not go
not produce
raise
sail
study
travel
work
write
A Veteran's Story
Anthony Smith is an old-age pensioner from London. He 1 ______________ a life full of adventure. When
he was young, he 2 ______________ biology at university. After that, he 3 ______________ a pilot and also
4
______________ as a science correspondent for a newspaper. He 5 ______________ more than thirty
books, but he 6 ______________ any films. In January 2012, he 7 ______________ from the Canary Islands
to the Bahamas in the Caribbean. He wanted to prove that old people can still have adventures. He 8
9
______________ alone. Three other old adventurers joined him. He
______________ a
lot of money for a charity that provides clean water for people in Africa, Asia and Central America. He 10
______________ through seventy countries, but he 11 ______________ to the South Pole. He 12
______________ an interview for our newspaper. You can read it in the next issue.
C. READING
I. Read the statements. Decide if they are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).
A Healthy Lifestyle
Some habits might help people live longer. Researchers think that the key is eating well and being active.
Having a healthy diet is important. It's important to eat a good number of fruits and vegetables. Not all
foods are good for you, though. Having too many fruits can still be bad for you. You should also avoid junk
foods and sweets. A treat once in a while isn't bad, but don't let them become a regular part of your diet.
Being active is also important. Sometimes it can be hard to find an activity you like. You don't have to play
a sport like rugby. You can walk or run. You can ride a bike or hike. You can do yoga or dance. It doesn't

matter what activity you do. But it is important to do something.
With these small changes, you will live a longer, healthier life!
1. The passage is about rugby.
______
2. Eating fruits and vegetables is an important part of a healthy diet.
______
3. The passage says you should not have junk foods and sweets.
______
4. Being active is important for living a long life.
______
5. Sports are the best way to stay physically active.
______
6. Doing yoga or playing rugby can help ensure a healthy lifestyle.
______
II. Read the text, and do the following tasks.
In the past, many people died from bacterial diseases because there was no cure for them. Then antibiotics
were discovered. These powerful medicines kill the bacteria that cause specific diseases. As a result, people
live longer now than half a century ago. However, today, we're facing a new health risk - bacteria which is
resistant to antibiotics. This is because bacteria grow quickly and adapt in order to survive antibiotics.
When you have a check-up at the doctor's, do you think you should always get a prescription for antibiotics?
A lot of people do. However, we mustn't use antibiotics when it isn't necessary. If you've got a cold or flu,
you shouldn't use antibiotics because these illnesses are caused by viruses. Antibiotics can't kill viruses. To
get over these illnesses, you should rest, take a painkiller and drink a lot of water. You should also stay at
home to avoid infecting others.
When antibiotics is appropriate, you must always make sure you take the complete course. If not, there
might be some bacteria left in your body and it can develop resistance. If we use antibiotics correctly and
less often, it will help to stop the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and give scientists time to invent new
types of antibiotics. If we don't change our habits, it will become harder to treat diseases and life expectancy
might fall.
Task 1. Choose the best main idea of the text.
A. Be sensible with antibiotics
B. Never take antibiotics again
C. Antibiotics - the universal treatment
D. Antibiotics always make us better
Task 2. Match the words in the text and their meanings.
1. cure
_____ A. the piece of paper that a doctor gives you to get medicine
2. diseases
_____ B. feel better after being ill
3. prescription
_____ C. a series of doses of medicine
4. get over (an illness)
_____ D. a treatment that makes you completely better
5. course (of antibiotics)
_____ E. types of illnesses with certain symptoms
Task 3. Choose the correct answers to complete the summary of the text.
Our lives are longer nowadays thanks to 1 __________, but if we aren't careful, it'll become
2
__________to kill bacteria. The text advises people to 3 __________ when they're ill with a cold.
Antibiotics 4 __________ the viruses that cause a cold. If the doctor gives you antibiotics, you have to 5
__________. The misuse of antibiotics is going to 6 __________for us in the future.
1. A. diseases
B. antibiotics
C. bacteria
2. A. easier
B. more dangerous
C. more difficult
3. A. take antibiotics
B. go to their doctor
C. stay at home
4. A. don't affect
B. produce
C. infect
5. A. stop taking them when you're better B. take all of them
C. take them when you want
6. A. cause problems
B. create new antibiotics
C. be easier
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