NGUYỄN MẠNH KHA
Master of Principles and Methods in English Language Education



REVISION OF PAST TENSES
1. Simple past (quá khứ đơn)




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Affirmative (Khẳng định):



S + V2ed …

Negative (Phủ định):





S + did not + V0 …

Interrogative (Nghi vấn):



Did + S + V0 …?


Diễn tả:
P Hành động đã xảy ra & chấm dứt hoàn toàn trong quá khứ (có thời gian xác định)
Ex: Tom rented a car and drove to the coast yesterday.
P Thói quen trong quá khứ nhưng nay không còn
Ex: When I was young, I walked a mile to school.
P Một loạt hành động trong quá khứ
Ex: Lan drove into the car, got out of the car, locked the doors, and walked toward the cinema.

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Lưu ý:
P Cấu trúc Would + V0 … → một dự đoán hoặc thói quen trong quá khứ
Ex: John knew it would snow, so he packed extra warm clothes.
P Cấu trúc Used to + V0 … → thói quen trong quá khứ (nay không còn nữa)
Ex: John used to smoke when he was young.


before yesterday, in 2022, when I was …

2. Past continuous (quá khứ tiếp diễn)





Từ nhận dạng: yesterday, ago, last, the day

Affirmative (Khẳng định):



S + was/ were + Ving …

Negative (Phủ định):





S + was/ were + not + Ving …

Interrogative (Nghi vấn):



Was /Were + S + Ving …?


Diễn tả:
P Hành động xảy ra tại thời điểm nói trong quá khứ



Ex: Lan was taking a shower at 7 o'clock last night.
P Hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành động khác chen vào
ð Hành động chen vào → S + V2/ed …
ð Hành động đang xảy ra → S + was/ were + Ving …
Ex: While I was doing my homework, someone called my name last night.
P Hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong quá khứ gây cho người nghe bực mình, khó chịu
Ex: Tom was always ringing me up.


Từ nhận dạng: at this time, at that moment, at + giờ + thời gian quá khứ
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NGUYỄN MẠNH KHA
Master of Principles and Methods in English Language Education


3. Past perfect (quá khứ hoàn thành)


Affirmative (Khẳng định):

S + had + V3ed …



Negative (Phủ định):

S + had not + V3ed …



Interrogative (Nghi vấn):



Had + S + V3ed …?



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Diễn tả: Hành động xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm hay 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ
Ex: Peter had played the guitar before I came last night.

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Lưu ý:






P Before/ By the time/ When + S + V2/ed…, S + had + V3ed…

Ex: After my dad had finished his project, he went to bed.
P After + S + had + V3ed…, S + V2/ed…

Ex: Before her dad slept, he had read a book.
(hành động xảy ra trước à S+ had +V3ed…; hành động xảy ra sau à S + V2/ed …)



EXERCISE 1. Complete the gapped blank with the correct past form.
1. Last night, Tina's boyfriend ….. (enter) the room while she was talking with another boy on the phone.
2. World War 1 ……………………. (end) when World War 2 began.
3. My little brother …………………….. (watch) the movie 'Mai' at ten o'clock yesterday.
4. The crowd ………………. (cheer) after the mayor had made his speech.
5. Before the man ............. (find) this job a year ago, he had graduated from university in 1999.
6. The girl ……………….. (work)on her project while her mother was feeding her baby sister.
7. By the time the police ……………… (arrive) at the crime scene, the murderer ……………………… (leave).
8. Jane and Jim ………………. (have) a baby soon after they ………………………… (marry).
9. By the time we ………………. (get) to the theatre, the play ………………. (already, start).
10. When Ginny ………………. (see) me yesterday, I ………………. (cross) the street.
11. My dad …………. (paint) the living room for two hours before my brother …………. (come) to help him.
12. Nora ………………. (lie) in a hammock while Phil ………………. (weed) the garden.
13. Before the Smiths ………………. (buy) their new house, they …………. (look) for a suitable one for a year.
14. As Claire ………………. (dust) the furniture, she ………………. (break) her mum's vase.
15. My sister ………………. (never, be) to the circus before last week.
16. Paul and I ………………. (study) for the history exam when the lights ………………. (go) off.
17. The alarm clock ………………. (not, ring) yesterday morning and I ………………. (be) late for work.
18. Mr. Roberts ………………. (work) in the company for 4 years before it ………………. (go) bankrupt.
19. You ………………. (not, sleep) when I ………………. (return) last night.
20. Yesterday at this time, Karen ………………. (write) a letter of application to the manager of L'Oréal.
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NGUYỄN MẠNH KHA
Master of Principles and Methods in English Language Education


21. We ………………. (never, see) the Pyramids before our trip to Egypt in 2005.
22. They ………………. (wait) for more than an hour before Lady Gaga ………………. (appear) on the stage.
23. My cousin and I ………………. (sit) at a park bench when we ………………. (hear) a thunder.
24. I ………………. (sunbathe) for two hours before it ………………. (start) to rain.

EXERCISE 2. Choose the best answer for each of the questions.
1. Sylvia _____________ when she ___________ the DVDs.
A. was running / dropped







B. ran / dropped

C. was running / was dropping







D. ran / was dropping

2. While Steve ___________ a documentary, he __________ asleep.
A. was watched / fell









B. was watching / fell

C. watched / was falling









D. was watching / felt



3. They _________ when you _________ for remote control.
A. aren't listening / were asking







B. weren't listening / were asking

C. weren't listening / asked







D. listened / asked

4. ______ you __________ anything when I ______ you?
A. Are / doing / called









B. Were / doing / calling

C. Did / do / was calling









D. Were / doing / called

5. ________ you ____________ my friends while you ______________ to school?
A. Are / see / went









B. Did / see / were going

C. Did / saw / were going







D. Were / see / went

6. We _____________ home when the accident ___________.
A. were driving / happened







B. drove / happened

C. drove / was happening







D. were drive / happened

7. I _______________ a novel while my mother ___________.
A. was read / was cooking







B. read / cooked

C. was reading / was cooking







D. was reading / cooks

8. I ___________ out of the window when the accident happened.
A. was looked











B. looked







C. am looking











D. was looking







B. were playing / studying







D. were played / was studying

9. You ___________ while I ____________.
A. played / study





C. were playing / was studying

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NGUYỄN MẠNH KHA
Master of Principles and Methods in English Language Education


10. He _____________ when his father came home.
A. were doing









B. was doing

C. did









D. will do









11. By the time we _____ to the party, everyone _____ home.
A. arrive / go









B. arrived / had gone

C. had arrived / went







D. had arrive / gone

12. She _____ the book because she _____ it before.
A. didn't read / had read







B. didn't read / read

C. hadn't read / read







D. read / hadn't read

13. After they _____ dinner, they _____ a movie.
A. had eaten / watched







B. eat / watched

C. ate / had watched







D. had eaten / had watched

14. He _____ the project before the deadline, so he _____ very happy.
A. finished / was









B. had finished / had been

C. had finished / was







D. finishes / was

15. When we _____ at the airport, the plane _____ already _____.
A. arrived / had / left







B. arrive / has / left

C. had arrived / had / left





D. arrived / left / already

16. They _____ the museum before they _____ lunch.
A. had visited / had







B. visited / had

C. had visited / have







D. visited / have





17. She _____ the letter after she _____ it.
A. mailed / had written







B. mail / write

C. mailed / wrote







D. had mailed / wrote



18. Before he _____ his new job, he _____ in New York.
A. had started / lived







B. started / had lived

C. start / live







D. started / lived



19. I _____ the meeting because I _____ the wrong date.
A. missed / had written







B. miss / had written

C. had missed / wrote







D. missed / wrote

20. After she _____ her homework, she _____ to bed.
A. finished / went



C. finished / had went







B. had finished / went







D. had finished / had went



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