00

o
o

ENGLISH
FOR TODAY
0

ENGLISH FOR TODAY

Book Two

THE WORLD WE LIVE IN

ENGLISH FOR TODAY

Book Two

THE WORLD WE LIVE IN
by The National Council of Teachers of English
Project Director and General Editor:

WILLIAM R. SLAGER, Department of English,
University of Utah
Advisor for Content:

BERNICE E. LEARY, Formerly, Curriculum Consultant
for the Madison, Wisconsin, Public Schools
Consulting Editor:

RALPH F. ROBINETT, Director, English Program,
Department of Education, Commonwealth
of Puerto Rico

THE McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, INC.
New York

Toronto

London

ENGLISH FOR TODAY—BOOK TWO:
THE WORLD WE LIVE IN—STUDENT TEXT
Copyright © 1962 by the McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. Printed in the
United States of America. Al) rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof,
may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publishers.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 62-17669

9 o wc-62 987
Copyright in the Philippines, 1962

Advisory Board
Linguists:

HAROLD B. ALLEN, University of Minnesota, Chairman
GERALD DYKSTRA, Teachers College, Columbia University
CHARLES A. FERGUSON, Center for Applied Linguistics
ARCHIBALD HILL, University of Texas
ALBERT H. MARCKWARDT, University of Michigan (also repre¬
senting the Modern Language Association)
CLIFFORD H. P RATOR, University of California at Los Angeles
JAMES SLEDD, Northwestern University
W. FREEMAN TWADDELL, Brown University
Content Specialists:

LITERATURE: DOROTHY BETHURUM, Connecticut College for Women
(representing the Modern Language Association of America)
J. N. HOOK, University of Illinois
RUSSELL NYE, Michigan State University
GEOGRAPHY: G. ETZEL PEARCY, United States Department of State
SCIENCE: MERRIAM HARTWICK TRYTTEN, National Academy of Sci¬
ence, National Research Council
SOCIAL SCIENCE: JOHN H. HAEFNER, State University of Iowa

Writers and Contributors
LUELLA B. COOK (Book VI)
Formerly, Minneapolis Public
Schools
ROY G. CURTIS (Book I)
Purdue University
JON ERICKSON (Book I)
University of Texas
WILLIAM GARDNER (Book V)
University of Minnesota
DELIA GOETZ (Book III)
Washington, D.C.
HELENE LAIRD (Book V)
Reno, Nevada
JOHN K. SHERMAN (Book V)
Minneapolis Tribune

ELLIOTT LANDAU (Book I)
University of Utah
JOHN MAXWELL (Book IV)
University of Wisconsin
GEORGE H. OWEN (Book I)
Detroit Public Schools
ANGELA PARATORE (Book I)
Indiana University
NORMA GILLETT REHDER
(Book ID
Waterloo, Iowa
TIMOTHY SMITH (Book V)
University of Minnesota

Contents

UNIT I:

1

THIS IS OUR WORLD
1. What We Can Do
Reading: What is a Map?
2. What We Will Do
Reading: Our Earth
3. Where We Can Go (If)
Reading: Living in the Tropics
4. What We Want to Do . .
Reading: Living near the North Pole ...
5. What We Will Do (If)
Reading: Living in the Middle Latitudes .

UNIT II: EXPLORING OUR WORLD

UNIT III: NATURAL WONDERS OF OUR WORLD .

Reading: Angel Falls
vil

38

40

6. What Would You Do (If)?
Reading: Sailing around the World ...
7. What Would You Like?
Reading: Crossing a Continent
8. What We Must Do
Reading: Exploring the Polar Regions . .
9. What We Used to Do
Reading: Exploring the Ocean Depths ...
10. What We Might Do
Reading: Climbing Mount Everest ....

11. Comparing Things
Reading: The Fiords of Norway
12. Comparing What People Do

1
6
10
16
19
24
27
31
33

....

40
44
47
51
53
56
59

63
66
68
71
71
75
78
81

13. Same or Different
Reading: Old Faithful
14. Enough and Too Much
Reading: Carlsbad Caverns

15. Cause and Result
Reading: The Lorelei
UNIT IV: FAMOUS WORKS OF MAN'S HANDS .
16. Things We've Done
Reading:

The Great Pyramid

17. Who Has and Who Hasn't
Reading: The Akropolis of Athens .
. .
18. Have You Ever?
Reading: The Taj Mahal
19. How Long Has It Been?
Reading: The Golden Gate Bridge ....
20. Things We've Been Doing
Reading: The United Nations Buildings . .

84

89
91

95
97
100
103

103
107
110
113
116
119

122
125

128
132

UNIT V: MAKING OUR WORLD BETTER .... 135
21. What's It Made Of?
Reading: Better Roads
22. What Was Being Done
Reading: Better Health
23. People We Know
Reading: The Red Cross
24. Helping at Home
Reading: The Boy Scouts
25. Making Things
Reading: Better Schools

135
138
141
144
147
150
153
157

160
163

Words Drilled in the Exercises and in the Word Study Sections 166

UNIT I: THIS IS OUR WORLD
Lesson One: WHAT WE CAN DO

MIKE

PAUL

GEORGE

JEAN

RUTH

Th*M boys and girls can spook English.
Thay can spook Spanish, too.

Thasa boys and girls can spsak English.
Bui fhoy can't spook Spanish.

Example I

Can Steve speak English? Yes. he can.
Can Steve speak Spanish? No, he can't.

can + not

= can't

New words: can, speak (spoke)
1.1

Practice questions with can and short answers with can and can't.
Use the chart.

A: Can (Jean) speak (Spanish)?
B: Yes, she can.
A: Can (Linda) speak (Spanish)?
B: No, she can't.
1

1.2 Ask questiohs with English, Spanish, German, Chinese, Russian,
and other languages for which you know the English names.
Have classmates answer.
A: Can you speak (the students' own language)'!
B: Yes, 1 can.
A: Can you speak (another language)?
B: No, I can't.
Example II > Mike can speak Spanish, can't he? Yes, he can.
Mike can't speak Spanish, can he? Yes, he can.
1 .3 Practice tag questions with can or can't that ask for agreement.
Have classmates give the answers. Use the chart on page 1 .
(Jean) can speak Spanish, can't she?
(Sally) can't speak Spanish, can she?
(George) can speak Spanish, can't he?

Yes, she can.
No, she can't.
Yes, he can.

1 ,4 Practice tag questions with can or can't that ask for information.
Have classmates answer. Use the chart on page 1 .
Yes, he can.
No, she can't.
No, he can't.

(Paul) can speak Spanish, can't he?
(Linda) can't speak Spanish, can she?
(Don) can't speak Spanish, can he?

1 .5

Supply the tag questions :
1. He can speak English, (can't he)?
2. You can't read Spanish,
3. They can't write English,
4. Karen can speak Spanish,

Example III

?
?
?

Mike can speak Spanish.
Can he? He can?
Steve can't speak Spanish.
Can't he? He can't?
2

1.6 Make affirmative and negative statements with can. Have class¬
mates ask short questions to show they are listening or to show
they are surprised. Use the chart on page 1 .
(Mike) can speak Spanish.

He can? (Can he?)
He can't? (Can't he?)
She can? (Can she?)

(Sieve) can't speak Spanish.
(Jean) can speak Spanish.

Example IV Mike can speak Spanish, but Steve can't.
Steve can't speak Spanish, but Mike can.
1.7 Give pairs of names from the chart. Have classmates make
pairs of statements and connect them with but. Use Mike/Steve,
Paul/ Don, Karen/ Jean, Ruth /Linda, Sally/George.

Mike/Steve
Paul/Don
Karen/Jean

Mike can speak Spanish, but Steve can't.
Paul can speak Spanish, but Don can't.
Karen can't speak Spanish, but Jean can.

Example V Mike can speak Spanish. George can, too.
Mike can speak Spanish. So can George.
Steve can't speak Spanish. Sally can't either.
Steve can't speak Spanish. Neither can Sally.
1.8

Make affirmative and negative statements. Have classmates add
short statements with too and either.
Mike can speak Spanish.
Steve can't speak Spanish.
George can speak Spanish.
Don can't speak Spanish.

George can, too.
Don can't either.
Paul can, too.
Karen can't either.

1.9 Make affirmative and negative statements. Have classmates add
short statements with so and neither.

Ruth can speak Spanish.
Sally can't speak Spanish.
Paul can speak Spanish.
Karen can't speak Spanish.

So can Jean.
Neither can .Linda.
So can George.
Neither can Don.
3

1.10 Complete the second statement. Use the chart on page 1.
1 . Mike can speak Spanish.
2. Steve can't speak Spanish.
3. Paul can write Spanish.
4. Linda can't read Spanish.

So
Neither

5. Jean can speak Spanish.

But

(George can), too.

either.

LANGUAGES WE KNOW. Ask and answer questions about
languages. Use the names of languages used in exercise 1.2
and the verbs speak, read, and write. Here are sample ques¬
tions and answers.
A: I can speak (English).

B: I can, too!
A: I can't write (Spanish).
B: I can't either.
A: I can speak (English). Can
you?
B: Yes, I can.
A: I can speak (Spanish) . Can
you?
B: Of course I can!

A:
B:
A:
B:

New words: swim (swam), dance (danced)
4

I can read (Spanish).
So can I!
I can't read (English).
Neither can I.

1.12 CONVERSATIONS. Talk with your classmates. Use can and
the verbs illustrated on page 4. Here are examples.

A:
B:
A:
A:

Can you (swim)?
Yes, I can. Can you?
Yes, I can. I can (swim), too.

A: Can you (swim)?
B: Yes, I can.
A; I can, too.
A: I can't (swim).
B : I can't either!
A: I can't (swim).
B : I can.

1 can (swim).
B. Can you? So can I!
A: I can't (swim).
B : You can't? Neither can I.

New words: fly (flew), dog, cat, bird, airplane

1.13 CONVERSATIONS. Talk with your classmates. Use con and
the I'ouns illustrated above.
A: (Dogs) can't fly.
B : Neither can (cats) .
But (birds) can.

A: Can (airplanes) fly?
B: Yes, they can.

But (dogs) can't.

1.14 Follow the directions given with each set of sentences.
Write the complete negative statements:
1 . The doctor can speak English.
2. The lawyer can read English.

s

Write the complete questions:
3. The teacher can read English.
4. The student can write English.
Write the affirmative and negative short answers:
5. Cao the pilot speak English?
6. Can the fanners speak English?
Write the tag questions:
?
7. You can speak English,
?
8. They can't read
?
9. She can write English,
1.15

Memorize the following saying:

“You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of

the people some of the time. But you can't fool all of the
people all of the time.”
1.16 Read the following selection with your teacher:

WHAT IS A MAP?

Is there a map in your school? Do you have a map at home? What
do maps show?
Maps can show many different things. Some maps show the size
and location of continents. Some show the size and location of oceans.
Some show the size and location of countries or cities.
Let's look at the political maps on the inside covers of the book. A
political map shows countries. Can you find your country on the map?
Which countries are next to yours? Is there an ocean next to your
country?

«

Look at the map again. Can you see lines across it? These lines
show latitude, the distance north or south of the Equator. We call
these lines parallels of latitude. The Equator is at zero degree (0°)
latitude. It is an equal distance from the North and South Poles. The
North Pole is at ninety degrees (90°) north latitude. The South Pole
is at ninety degrees (90°) south latitude.

Can you see the lines running north and south from pole to pole?
We call these lines meridians of longitude. They show distance east
and west of zero degrees (0°) longitude. Zero degrees (0°) longi¬
tude is set at Greenwich, England. We can measure longitude up to
180° east and west of Greenwich.
What is the latitude of your country? What is the longitude? What
are the latitude and longitude of Canada? What are the latitude and
longitude of England? What are the latitude and longitude of Aus¬
tralia?
Let's look at a relief map of the world showing different elevations.
The different colors stand for different elevations. A high mountain
is dark brown. A valley is green. Do you live in a valley or on a
mountain? Find your country on the relief map. Is it brown or green?
Maps are very useful. Pilots use maps. Travelers use maps. Post¬
men in big cities use maps. All of us can use maps. They answer our
questions about the world.

7

1.17

Answer these questions. Refer to "What Is a Map?”

What can maps show?
What can you find on a map?
What does brown stand for on a relief map?
What does green stand for?
5. Who uses maps?

1.
2.
3.
4.

1.18 MAKING MAPS.
1 . Make a big relief map. Show continents and oceans.
2. Make a map of your country. What can you show on it?
3. Make a map of your neighborhood. Can you show your

home? Can you show your school?
4. Now make a map of your classroom. Show your desk, the
teacher's desk, the door, the windows.
5. Explain your maps to the class.

1.19 WORD STUDY.
1 . North, south, east, west.
The sun rises in the east.
The sun sets in the west.
North is toward the top of the page.
South is toward the bottom of the page.

north
west

-east

south

Point to a map on the inside covers and make statements
like these:
France is north of Spain.
Spain is south of France.

>

Peru is west of Brazil.
Brazil is east of Peru,

2. Continent. North America is a continent. South America
is a continent. North and South America are continents.
Make statements with the word continent. Use Europe,
Asia, Africa, Australia.

3. Ocean, lake, river. Look at the maps on the inside covers.
Make requests and ask questions about the oceans, lakes,
and rivers. Have classmates respond.

Show me an ocean.

What ocean is it?
Show me a lake.

What lake is it?
Show me a river.
What river is it?

Here's an ocean. This is an ocean.
There's an ocean. That's an ocean.
It's the (Atlantic Ocean).
Here's a lake. This is a lake.
There's a lake. That's a lake.
It's (Lake Superior).
Here's a river. This is a river.
There's a river. That's a river.
It's the (Amazon River).

4. Next to. Look at the map and make statements like

these:

Spain is next to France.
France is next to Germany.
Colombia is next to Venezuela.
Iraq is next to Iran.

1.20 TALKING TO THE CLASS. Prepare a short talk based on
“What Is a Map?” Give your talk to the class, using a map
to illustrate it.
9

Leeson Two: WHAT WE .WILL DO

MIKE
LINDA

Example I

GEORGE PAUL
SALLY

RUTH

JEAN STEVE

DON

Karen hopes everyone will come on time.
She hopes Mike won't be late.

will + not

= won't

New words: hope, will (won't), on time

2.1

Make statements with will and on time. Have classmates make
statements with won't and late.
A:
B:
A:
B:

Karen hopes (Mike) will come on time.
She hopes he won't be late.
She hopes (Jean) will come on time.
She hopes she won't be late.

CHARLES

HELEN
ED

10

ANN

DAVE

Example II

Will Mike be at the party? Yes, he will.
Won't Mike be at the party? Yes, he wilt
Will Charles be at the party? No, he won't.
Won't Charles be at the party? No, he won't

2.2 Practice questions with will and short answers with will and
won't. Use the charts on page 10.

A: Will (George) be at the

A: Will (Ann) be at the
party?
B : No, she won't.

party?
B: Yes, he will.

2.3 Practice questions with won't and short answers with will and
won't. Use the charts on page 10.

A: Won't (Paul) be at the
party?
B: Yes, he will.

A: Won't (Helen) be at the
party?
B: No, she won't.
ev&erow mil

Example III

sc ov

Mike will be at the party, won't he?
Yes, he will, I know he will.
Mike won't be late, will he?
No, he won't. I know he won't.

x

(X—

—

[J

2.4 Practice tag questions with will or won't that ask for agreement.
Have classmates give the right answers. Use the charts on

page 10.
A: ( Mike) will be at the party, won't he?
B: Yes, he will. I know he will.
A: (Charles) won't be at the party, will he?
B: No, he won't. I know he won't.

2.5 Practice tag questions, with will or won't that ask for informa¬
tion. Have classmates answer. Use the charts on page 10.
A:
B:
A:
B.

(Mike) won't be late, will he?
No, he won't. I know he won't.
(Sally) will be late, won't she?
No, she won't. I know she won't.
11

2.6 Supply the tag question.

.

1. George will come early, (won't he)?
2. Linda won't be late,
?
3. Don will be on time,
?
?
4. Ann won't be there,
5. Paul will be there,
?

Example IV Mike will be there on time, and George will, too.
Mike will be there on time, and so will George.
Mike won't be late, and George won't either.
Mike won't be late, and neither will George.

2.7

Make statements with will and too. Have classmates change the
statements to use so. Use the chart.
A: (Mike) will be there on time, and (George) will, too.
B: (Mike) will be there on time, and so will (George).

2.8 Make statements with won't and either. Have classmates change
the statements to use neither. Use the chart.
A: (Mike) won't be late, and (George) won't either.
B: (Mike) won't be late, and neither will (George) .
Example V

Mike will be there. Mike will be at the party.
Will he? He will? I didn't know he was going.
Charles won't be there. Charles won't be at the party.
Won't he? He won't? I thought he was going.

New word: think (thought)

2.9 Make wrong statements about who will be and who won't be at
the party. Have classmates ask questions to show they are sur*
prised and add a statement with didn't know or thought.
A: (Ann) will be there. (Ann) will be at the party.
B: Will she? I didn't know she was going, (or)
She will? I didn't know she was going.
12

A: (Jean) won't be there. (Jean) won't be at the party.
B: Won't she? I thought she was going, (or)
She won't? I thought she was going.

ploy

lecture

movie

museum

Example VI Are you going to the movie tonight?
Maybe I will. Maybe I'll go.
I probably will. I'll probably go.
I probably won't. I'll probably stay home.
I'm afraid I can't. I can't go tonight.
/ 4. will

= I'll

New words: afraid, probably, play, movie, concert, lecture, museum

2.10 Ask questions using the nouns. illustrated above. Have class¬
mates answer with maybe and will.
A: Are you going to the (game) tonight?
B : Maybe. Maybe I will. Maybe I'll go.
13

2.11

Ask questions with the nouns illustrated on page 13. Have
classmates answer with probably will or probably won't.
A: Are you going to the (concert) tonight?
B: I probably will. I'll probably go. (or)
I probably won't. I'll probably stay home.

2.12 Ask questions with the nouns illustrated on page 13. Have
classmates answer with afraid and can't.
A: Are you going to the (play) tonight?
B: I'm afraid I can't. I can't go tonight.

Example VII Is Charles going anywhere tomorrow?
He probably will. He'll probably go to a play.
He usually goes somewhere every Saturday.
He usually goes to a play on Saturday.

he + will = he'll
New words: anywhere, somewhere

2.13

Practice the following conversations with your classmates. Use
the chart.
A: Is (Helen) going anywhere on (Saturday)!
B: She probably will. She'll probably go to a lecture.
A: (Charles) usually goes somewhere every Saturday.
B: Where does he go?
A: He usually goes to a play.
14

MIKE

GEORGE

PAUL

JEAN

RUTH

Example VIII Is Mike going anywhere next Saturday?
He probably won't.
He never goes anywhere on Saturday.
2.14

Ask questions about the people illustrated above. Have class¬
mates answer with won't.

A : Is (George) going anywhere next Saturday?
B : He probably won't. He never goes anywhere on Saturday.

2.15 Fill in the blanks. Use probably and will or won't. Use the
charts.
1. Is Paul going anywhere on Saturday? (He probably won't.)
2. Is Ed going anywhere on Saturday?
3. Is Jean going anywhere on Saturday?

2.16 Practice the following conversation with your classmates.

A:
B:
A:
B:

Are you going anywhere next (Saturday)!
I probably will. I usually go somewhere on Saturday.
Where are you going?
I think I'll go to the (movie) .

2.17 Read the following selection with your teacher:
IS

OUR EARTH

Let's look at a map of the earth. How did the earth begin? Does
anyone know? What do the scientists say?

Scientists say our sun is a star. They say that many years ago our
sun hit another star. Many pieces broke off the sun. Gradually these
pieces became hard and round. One of these pieces is our earth.
Scientists also say the earth is almost solid rock. At the center of
the earth, this rock is very hot. On the surface of the earth, the rock
is cracked and broken. This cracked and broken rock becomes soil.
Plants can grow in the soil.
Let's look at the map again. You will see that the surface of the
earth is very rough. It has valleys and high mountains. But water
covers most of the earth's surface. This water is in oceans, seas, rivers.
16

and lakes. Can you find an ocean? What is its name? Can you find a
sea? What is its name? Can you find a river and a lake? What are
their names?
The climate is different in different areas of the earth. Near the
equator the climate is usually hot. We call this area the tropics. The
areas near the poles are very cold. We call these areas the polar areas.
Between the tropics and the polar areas, the climate is temperate.

Sometimes it's hot and sometimes it's cold. We call these areas the
middle latitudes.
How does the climate affect our living? You will find some answers
to this question in the next three lessons.

2.18

Reread “Our Earth” and follow the directions given with each
set of sentences.

Fill in with nouns:
1 . Scientists say our sun is a
2. Many years ago our
hit another star.
broke off the sun.
3. Many
Fill in with adjectives:
4. Gradually these pieces became
and
5. The surface of the earth is very
6. Between the tropics and the polar areas, the climate
is

Fill in with verbs:
7. Plantscan
8. Climate

in the soil.

our lives.

Fill in with structure words:
the equator the climate is usually very hot.
the tropics and the polar areas the climate is

9.
10.
temperate.

17

2.19

WORD STUDY. Look at-the maps on the covers of the book.
Make statements like the examples.

1. Next to.
2. Between.

3. In.
4. Near.

Spain is next to France.

France is next to Germany,
The United States is between Canada and
Mexico.
The Atlantic Ocean is between the United States
and Europe.
The United States is in the middle latitudes.
Ceylon is in the tropics.
Part of Canada is in the north polar area.
Baltimore is near Washington.
Philadelphia is near Washington, too.

2.20 TALKING TO THE CLASS. Prepare a short talk, using the
questions below as a guide. Present your talk to the class and
illustrate it with a map or drawing.

1 . What country do you live in?
2. Is your country in the polar areas, the tropics, or the middle
latitudes?
3. Is your country near an ocean? What ocean?
4. Does your country have valleys and high mountains?
5. Are there rivers and lakes in your country? What are their
names?
6. What big cities are in your country?
7. Is it always hot in your country? Is it always cold? Is it

sometimes hot and sometimes cold?
8. What is the name of the town or city where you live?
9. Is your town north, south, east, or west of a big city? What
big city?

2.21 Memorize the following saying:
Take care of the pennies, and the
dollars will take care of themselves.
IS

Lesson Three: WHERE WE CAN GO (IF)

Example 1
If they do their homework, they can go to the movie.
They can go to the movie if they do their homework.
If they don't do their homework, they can't go to the movie.
They can't go to the movie if they don't do their homework.
New words: if, homework
3.1

Make affirmative statements with if and can. Have classmates
make the same statement but reverse the order of the clauses.
Use the chart.
If (Charles) does his homework, he can go to the movie.
(Charles) can go to the movie if he does his homework.

3.2 Make negative statements with if and can't. Have classmates
make the same statement but reverse the order of the clauses.
If (Ed) doesn't do his homework, he can't go to the movie.
(Ed) can't go to the movie if he doesn't do his homework.

3.3 Make affirmative statements with if and can. Have classmates
make negative statements with if and can't.
If (Dave) does his homework, he can go to the movie.
If (Dave) doesn't do his homework, he can't go to the movie.
19

Example II
If they finish their homework, they'll go to the movie.
They'll go to the movie if they finish their homework.
If they don't finish their homework, they won't go to the movie.
They won't go to the movie if they don't finish their homework.

New word: finish

3.4 Make affirmative statements with, if and will. Have classmates
make negative statements with if and won't and reverse the order
of the clauses. Use the chart on page 19.
If (Ed) finishes his homework, he'll go to the movie.
(Ed) won't go to the movie if he doesn't finish his homework.
If (Dave) finishes his homework, he'll go to the movie.
(Dave) won't go to the movie if he doesn't finish his home*

work.

Example III

If Charles goes, so will Ed.
If Ed goes, Dave will too.
If Charles doesn't go, Ed won't either.
If Ed doesn't go, neither will Dave.

3.5 Make complete statements.

Dave/so/Ann
Helen/Ann/too
3. Dave/Ed/either
4. Ann/neither/Helen
1.
2.

If Dave goes, so will Ann.
If Helen goes, Ann will too.
If Dave doesn't go, Ed won't either.
If Ann doesn't go, neither will Helen.

3.6 Fill in the blanks with will or won't.
1 . If Charles doesn't go, Dave
2. If Helen goes, Ann
too.
20

either.

3. If Dave doesn't go, neither
Charles.
4. If Ed goes, so
3.7

. Charles.

Ask questions with movie, play, concert, lecture, museum, party,
game. Have classmates answer with if and will.

A: Are you going to the (movie) ?
B: I'll go if you will, (or)
If you go, I'll go too.
Will you go to the movie with me?
Yes, I will. I will if I can.
I'm sorry. I cant.

Example IV

New word: sorry

3.8 Practice the following conversations with your classmates. Use
the nouns in 3.7.
A:
B:
A:
B:

Will you go to the (game) with me?
Yes, I will. I will if I can.
Will you go to the (lecture) with me tonight?
I'm sorry. I can't.

Example V

When you see Charles, will you give him this book?
Yes, 1 will. When I see him, I'll give it to him.

New word: give

3.9 Practice the following conversation with your classmates. Use
words like movie, play, concert, lecture, and words like book,
glove, letter, pen, pencil, etc.
A: Are you going to the (movie) tonight?
B: Yes, I am.
A: Will (Charles) be there?
B: Yes, he will. Everyone is going to the (movie).
A: When you see (Charles), will you give him this (book)?
B: Yes, I will. When I see him, I'll give it to him.
21

by but

by train

by. tor

by ship

by plant

If you go by car, how long will it take?
If I go by car, it will take two days.

New word: take
3.10 Ask questions about an imaginary trip to another city or coun¬
try. Have classmates answer.

A: Can you go to (another city or country) by (car)?
B: Yes, I can. (or) No, I can't.
A : If you go by ( car) , how long will it take?
B: If I go by (car), it will take (two days).

MIKE

PAUL

GEORGE

Example VI

SALLY

JEAN

RUTH

STEVE
LINDA

They're not working hard.
They can't work hard. They're tired.
They're working fast. They aren't tired.

New words; hard, fast
22

DON
KAREN

3.11

Ask questions with hard and /art. Have classmates answer.
Use the chart at the bottom of page 22.

A: Is (Mike) working hard?
B: No, he isn't. He can't work hard. He's tired.
A: Is (Steve) working fast?
B: Yes, he is. He can work fast. He isn't tired.

HELEN

Example VII

Did Charles eat all of the cake?
No, but he ate most of it.

New words; candy, ice cream, cookies, most
3.12 Make statements with all and most. Have classmates make the
same statement but reverse the order of all and most.

(Charles) didn't eat all of the (cake), but he ate most of it.
(Charles) ate most of the (cake), but he didn't eat all of it.

3.13 Ask questions with can and all. Have classmates answer with

can and most.
Can (Ann) eat all of those (cookies)?
No, but she can eat most of them.

3.14 Ask questions with will and all. Have classmates answer with
will and most.
Will (Ed) eat all of the (pie)?
No, but he'll eat most of it.
23

3.15 Read the following selection with your teacher:

LIVING IN THE TROPICS

In the tropics there are only two seasons, the rainy and the dry.
In the rainy season, it often rains every day. It seldom rains in the
dry season. The sun is very hot.
Plants and trees grow fast in the tropics. Tropical rain forests cover
much of the land. These forests are always green. When old leaves
fall, new leaves appear. The trees are never bare.
The tropical rain forests are near the equator. In the middle of the
day, the sun shines down almost directly. Days and nights are the
same length. And the temperature does not change very much.
Many kinds of trees and plants grow in the tropical rain forests.
Nowhere else do they grow so fast. Sometimes they grow overnight.
Some plants like the bamboo, can grow a foot a day
In these tropical forests there are many insects. Some of these in¬
sects can cause disease. Mosquitoes can cause malaria, and a certain
kind of fly can cause sleeping sickness. But now doctors and scientists
are fighting these diseases and making great progress.
24

Outside the cities, the roads are not always good. But engineers are
now planning new roads through the thick forests. Modern machines
will help build these new roads.
With modem machines, better roads, and better medicine, life in
the tropics is changing rapidly.

3.16

Answer these questions. Refer to “Living in the Tropics.”

1 . How many seasons are there in the tropics? What are they?
2. What happens when the old leaves fall from the trees?
3. In a tropical rain forest, is there much change in tempera¬
ture?
4. Do trees and plants grow fast in the rain forests? Give an
example.
5. What diseases can mosquitoes cause? What disease can

certain flies cause?
6. What changes are taking place in the tropics? Give ex¬

amples.
3. 1 7 Fill in the blanks :
1 . In the
2. It seldom rains in the

the rain falls every day for months.
25

and

34. Some

5. Now

grow fast in the tropics.
can cause
through the thick
are planning new

3.18 WORD STUDY.
1. Season. In the tropics there are two seasons, the rainy and
the dry. In the middle latitudes there are four seasons. One
of these seasons is fall. What are the other three seasons?
2. Fall. Fall is sometimes the name of a season, as in Fall fol¬
lows summer. Fall can also be a verb, as in The old leaves
fall. We can put the two together, as in The leaves fall in
the fall. In the last sentence, which fall is a noun and which
fall is a verb?
3. Leaves. Leaves can also be both a noun and a verb. The
singular of leaves (noun) is leaf. The past of leaves (verb)
is left. Give a sentence with each of these words; leave, left;
leaf, leaves.
4. Insect, mosquito, fiy. A mosquito is an insect. A fly is an
insect. Can you think of other insects? Look...