Gerund or Infinitive

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Người gửi: Nguyễn Bạc
Ngày gửi: 09h:56' 29-09-2021
Dung lượng: 39.5 KB
Số lượt tải: 267
Nguồn:
Người gửi: Nguyễn Bạc
Ngày gửi: 09h:56' 29-09-2021
Dung lượng: 39.5 KB
Số lượt tải: 267
Số lượt thích:
0 người
Gerund or Infinitive
One of the difficulties of the English language is that some verbs are followed by the gerund (ex : doing) and others are followed by the infinitive (ex : to do). Other verbs, however, can be followed by both.
Generally speaking we can use the following rules:
Examples
Rules
Explanations
Verb + gerund
1. I enjoy playing 2. I denied stealing
Often we use the gerund for an action that happens before or at the same time as the action of the main verb.
1. I enjoy myself at the time of playing. 2. I deny having stolen anything before.
Verb + infinitive
1. I decided to visit my uncle 2. I want to go out
Often we use the infinitive for actions that follow the action of the main verb.
1. Visiting my uncle was an action of my decision. It comes after. 2. What I want (now) is to go out (after/later)
These rules are helpful but DO NOT always explain all uses of gerunds and infinitives.
A. Verbs that can be followed by a gerund (ex: doing)
1- After verbs that express likes/dislikes :like love enjoy dislike hate don`t mind can`t stand can`t bear
Example:" I like playing soccer but I hate boxing."
2- After certain other verbs, such as :
admit
appreciate
allow
avoid
advise
consider
deny
delay
understand
finish
fancy
go (in go swimming)
involve
keep
mention
mind
stop
waste time/money
imagine
involve
keep (on)
mention
miss
postpone
permit
practice
suggest
resist
reject
risk
can`t help
can`t stand
Example:" I suggest going to the theater."
3- After prepositions : interested in ... instead of ... good at ... before ... after ...
Example:"I am interested in collecting stamps." "After playing football I drank an orange juice".
4- After certain expressions :
it`s no use ... it`s no good ... there`s no point in ... I can`t help... I don`t mind... I can`t stand/bear...
Example:" It`s no use convincing him to revise his lessons. He`s so stubborn."
B. Verbs that can be followed by an infinitive ( ex : to do)
1- After verbs that refer to a future event:
want
hope
aim
intend
arrange
attempt
promise
be determined
plan
consent
decide
demand
deserve
determine
endeavor
expect
offer
proceed
promise
threaten
swear
volunteer
want
would like
would hate
would love
Example:" I want to finish my work early.
2- After certain other verbs, such as:
affordagreehelpchoosefailhappenrefusemanageneedseemlearnchoosepretend
Example:"She refused to forgive him."
3- After adjectives : glad pleased disappointed
Example:"I`m glad to know that you passed the exam." "I`m pleased to meet you." "I`m disappointed to hear that you flunked maths."
4- After "too" & "enough":
too difficult easy enough
Example:"It`s too difficult to convince him to be helpful." " But it`s easy enough to fool him to get what you want."
C. Verbs that can be followed by both an infinitive and a gerund:
Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive. Here are some examples:
start begin stop remember...
Example:"I started smoking when I was young." "I started to smoke when I left the office."
Part 1 1. Dan enjoys ...................... (read) science fiction.
2. Cheryl suggested ...................... (see) a movie after work.
3. I miss ................. (work) in the travel industry. Maybe I can get my old job back.
4. Where did you learn ...................... (speak) Spanish? Was it in Spain or in Latin America?
5. Do you mind ...................... (help) me translate this letter?
6. He asked ...................... (talk) to the store manager.
7. You`ve never mentioned ...................... (live) in Japan before. How long did you live there?
8. If he keeps .................. (come) to work late, he`s going to get fired!
9. Debbie plans ...................... (study) abroad next year.
10. I agreed ...................... (help) Jack wash his car.
11. I hope ...................... (graduate) from college next June. 12. The models practiced .................... (walk) with a book balanced on their heads. 13. Mandy has promised ...................... ( take) care of our dog while we are on vacation. 14. Mr. Edwards chose ...................... (accept) the management position in
One of the difficulties of the English language is that some verbs are followed by the gerund (ex : doing) and others are followed by the infinitive (ex : to do). Other verbs, however, can be followed by both.
Generally speaking we can use the following rules:
Examples
Rules
Explanations
Verb + gerund
1. I enjoy playing 2. I denied stealing
Often we use the gerund for an action that happens before or at the same time as the action of the main verb.
1. I enjoy myself at the time of playing. 2. I deny having stolen anything before.
Verb + infinitive
1. I decided to visit my uncle 2. I want to go out
Often we use the infinitive for actions that follow the action of the main verb.
1. Visiting my uncle was an action of my decision. It comes after. 2. What I want (now) is to go out (after/later)
These rules are helpful but DO NOT always explain all uses of gerunds and infinitives.
A. Verbs that can be followed by a gerund (ex: doing)
1- After verbs that express likes/dislikes :like love enjoy dislike hate don`t mind can`t stand can`t bear
Example:" I like playing soccer but I hate boxing."
2- After certain other verbs, such as :
admit
appreciate
allow
avoid
advise
consider
deny
delay
understand
finish
fancy
go (in go swimming)
involve
keep
mention
mind
stop
waste time/money
imagine
involve
keep (on)
mention
miss
postpone
permit
practice
suggest
resist
reject
risk
can`t help
can`t stand
Example:" I suggest going to the theater."
3- After prepositions : interested in ... instead of ... good at ... before ... after ...
Example:"I am interested in collecting stamps." "After playing football I drank an orange juice".
4- After certain expressions :
it`s no use ... it`s no good ... there`s no point in ... I can`t help... I don`t mind... I can`t stand/bear...
Example:" It`s no use convincing him to revise his lessons. He`s so stubborn."
B. Verbs that can be followed by an infinitive ( ex : to do)
1- After verbs that refer to a future event:
want
hope
aim
intend
arrange
attempt
promise
be determined
plan
consent
decide
demand
deserve
determine
endeavor
expect
offer
proceed
promise
threaten
swear
volunteer
want
would like
would hate
would love
Example:" I want to finish my work early.
2- After certain other verbs, such as:
affordagreehelpchoosefailhappenrefusemanageneedseemlearnchoosepretend
Example:"She refused to forgive him."
3- After adjectives : glad pleased disappointed
Example:"I`m glad to know that you passed the exam." "I`m pleased to meet you." "I`m disappointed to hear that you flunked maths."
4- After "too" & "enough":
too difficult easy enough
Example:"It`s too difficult to convince him to be helpful." " But it`s easy enough to fool him to get what you want."
C. Verbs that can be followed by both an infinitive and a gerund:
Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive. Here are some examples:
start begin stop remember...
Example:"I started smoking when I was young." "I started to smoke when I left the office."
Part 1 1. Dan enjoys ...................... (read) science fiction.
2. Cheryl suggested ...................... (see) a movie after work.
3. I miss ................. (work) in the travel industry. Maybe I can get my old job back.
4. Where did you learn ...................... (speak) Spanish? Was it in Spain or in Latin America?
5. Do you mind ...................... (help) me translate this letter?
6. He asked ...................... (talk) to the store manager.
7. You`ve never mentioned ...................... (live) in Japan before. How long did you live there?
8. If he keeps .................. (come) to work late, he`s going to get fired!
9. Debbie plans ...................... (study) abroad next year.
10. I agreed ...................... (help) Jack wash his car.
11. I hope ...................... (graduate) from college next June. 12. The models practiced .................... (walk) with a book balanced on their heads. 13. Mandy has promised ...................... ( take) care of our dog while we are on vacation. 14. Mr. Edwards chose ...................... (accept) the management position in
 








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