UNIT 3: PEOPLES OF VIETNAM
A. VOCABULARY
TỪ VỰNG 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

cultural groups
ethnic groups
curious about
curiosity
account for = make up
minority # majority
minor # major
regions in the north
the south
southern provinces
custom
costume
peoples
open-air market
stilt-house
awesome
against
law
complicated # basic
weave - wove - woven

n
n
adj
n
v
n
a
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
a
prep
n
adj
v

/ˈkʌltʃərəl ɡruːp/

five-colored sticky rice
terraced fields
religions
religious
World Heritage Sites
discriminate against
discrimination

n
n
n
adj
n
v
n

/faɪv ˈkʌləd ˌstɪki ˈraɪs/

be recognized by UNESCO
exhibit
exhibition
Museum of Ethnology
architect
architecture

v
v
n
n
n
n

/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/

architectural attractions

adj

/ˌɑːkɪˈtektʃərəl/

significant # insignificant
play an important role
mainly
live on

adj
v
adv
v

/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

n

/ˈbɔːdɪŋ skuːl/

/ˌeθnɪk ˈɡruːp/
/ˈkjʊəriəs/
/ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/
/əˈkaʊnt fə(r)/
/maɪˈnɒrəti/,/məˈdʒɒrəti/
/ˈmaɪnər/ # /ˈmeɪdʒər/
/ˈriːdʒən ɪn ðə nɔːθ/
/ðə saʊθ/
/ˈsʌðən ˈprɒvɪns//
/ˈkʌstəm/
/ˈkɒstjuːm/
/ˌəʊpən ˈeə(r) ˈmɑːkɪt/
/stɪlt haʊs/
/ˈɔːsəm/
/əˈɡenst/
/lɔː/
/ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/
/wiːv/-/wəʊv/- /ˈwəʊvn/

nhóm văn hóa
nhóm thiểu số
tò mò
sự tò mò
chiếm
thiểu số # đa số
thứ yếu # chủ yếu
các khu vực phía bắc
miền nam
các tỉnh phía nam
phong tục tập quán
trang phục
các dân tộc
khu chợ ngoài trời
nhà sàn
tuyệt vời
chống lại, phản đối
luật
tinh vi, phức tạp # cơ bản
dệt vải, đan rổ rá

TỪ VỰNG 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12
13

/ˌterəst ˈfiːldz/
/rɪˈlɪdʒən/
/rɪˈlɪdʒəs/
/ˌwɜːld ˈherɪtɪdʒ saɪt/
/dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/
/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/

/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/
/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/
/eθˈnɒlədʒi/
/ˈɑːkɪtekt/
/ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)/

/rəʊl/
/ˈmeɪnli/

xôi ngũ sắc
ruộng bậc thang
tôn giáo
thuộc về tôn giáo
Di sản Văn hóa Thế giới
phân biệt
sự phân biệt; kỳ thị
được công nhận bởi
UNESCO
triển lãm
buổi triển lãm
Bảo tàng Dân tộc học
kiến trúc sư
kiến trúc
điểm thu hút về mặt kiến
trúc
quan trọng # không quan
trọng, không ý nghĩa
đóng vai trò quan trọng
chủ yếu
sống dựa vào

TỪ VỰNG 3
1

a boarding school

trường nội trú

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

waterwheel
The communal house
poem
poet
poetry
speciality
poultry
bamboo items
unique products
ornaments
side by side
worship
ancestor
ceremony
shawl
jungle
refer
obvious
multicultural
canal
include = comprise
= consist of
cloth
sow
seed

n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
adj
n
prep
v
n
n
n
n
v
a
adj
n
n
v
n

cối xay nước
Nhà Rông
bài thơ
nhà thơ
thơ
đặc sản
gia cầm
các vật dụng làm từ tre
các sản phẩm độc đáo
trang sức
cạnh nhau
thờ cúng
tổ tiên
nghi lễ
khăn piêu
rừng già
nhắc tới, ám chỉ
rõ ràng
đa văn hóa
kênh đào

 /ˈwɔːtəwiːl/
/kəˈmjuːnl/
/kəˈmjuːnl/
/ˈpəʊət/
/ˈpəʊətri/
/ˌspeʃiˈæləti/
/ˈpəʊltri/
/ˌbæmˈbuː ˈaɪtəm/
/juˈniːk ˈprɒdʌkt/
/ˈɔːnəmənt/
/ˈwɜːʃɪp/
/ˈænsestər/
/ˈserəməni/
/ʃɔːl/
/ˈdʒʌŋɡl/
/rɪˈfɜːr/
/ˈɒbviəs/
/ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/
/kəˈnæl/
/ɪnˈkluːd/,
/kəmˈpraɪz/,
/kənˈsɪst əv/
/klɒθ/
/səʊ/
/siːd/

bao gồm
vải vóc
gieo, xạ
hạt

TỪ VỰNG 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

alternating song
represent
representative
the elements of life
create harmony between
heaven and earth
turmeric extract
shredded coconut
soak sticky rice
steam
recipe
education standards
establish good relations
establishment
diverse cultures
diversity of cultures
harmony
symbol
symbolize
symbolic
drain

n
v
n

/ˌɔːltəneɪtɪŋ sɒŋz/
/ˌreprɪˈzent/
/ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/
/ˈelɪmənt/

bài hát đối đáp
tượng trưng
người đại diện
yếu tố cuộc sống

v
n
n
n
v,n
n
n
v
n
adj
n
n
n
v
adj
v

/ˈhɑːməni/, /ˈhevn/
/ˈtɜːmərɪk ˈekstrækt/
/ʃredid ˈkəʊkənʌt/
/səʊk ˌstɪki ˈraɪs/
/stiːm/
/ˈresəpi/
/ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn ˈstændəd/
/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/
/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/
/daɪˈvɜːs/
/daɪˈvɜːsəti/
/ˈhɑːməni/
/ˈsɪmbl/
/ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/
/sɪmˈbɒlɪk/
/dreɪn/

tạo sự hài hòa giữa trời và đất
chiết xuất nghệ
dừa nạo
gạo nếp ngâm
hấp, hơi nước
công thức nấu ăn
chất lượng giáo dục
thiết lập mối quan hệ tốt đẹp
sự thiết lập
văn hóa đa dạng
sự đa dạng của nền văn hóa
sự hài hòa
biểu tượng, vật tượng trưng
tượng trưng
tượng trưng
làm ráo nước

n

/ˌsentrəl ˈhaɪlənd/

Trung Nguyên

TỪ VỰNG 5
1

Central Highlands

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

column
beam
peak
elaborate buildings
receiving guests
festivity
semi-nomadic life
situate = locate in
preserve
preservation
preservationist
a present = a gift
present
presence

n
n
n
n
n
n
n
v
v
n
n
n
v
n

/ˈkɒləm/

n
n
n
n

/ˈkəʊkənʌt plɑːnˈteɪʃn/

/biːm/
/piːk/
/ɪˈlæbərət/
/feˈstɪvəti/
/ˌsemi nəʊˈmædɪk laɪf/
/ˈsɪtʃueɪt/, /ləʊˈkeɪt/
/prɪˈzɜːv/
/ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/
/ˌprezəˈveɪʃənɪst/
/ˈpreznt/
/prɪˈzent/
/ˈprezns/

cột
đòn tay, xà (bắt ngang)
trên đỉnh
công trình công phu và tỉ mỉ
sự đón khách; tiếp khách
các hoạt động lễ hội
cuộc sống bán du mục
tọa lạc ở một nơi nào đó
bảo tồn
sự bảo tồn
nhà hoạt động bảo tồn
món quà
hiện diện; có mặt
sự hiện diện

TỪ VỰNG 6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

(coconut) plantation
floating markets
fruit orchards
sculpture
spirit
spiritual life
spoil – spoilt – spoilt
ruin = destroy
knowledge
challenge
overview
characteristic
attract
attraction
attractive
relation
establish
establishment
cooperate
cooperation
peak

n
v
v
n
n
n
n
v
n
adj
n
v
v
n
n

/ˈfləʊtɪŋ ˈmɑːkɪt/
/ˈɔːtʃəd/
/ˈskʌlptʃə(r)/
/ˈspɪrɪt/
/ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl/
/spɔɪl - spɔɪlt - spɔɪlt/
/ˈruːɪn/, /dɪˈstrɔɪ/
/ˈnɒlɪdʒ/
/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/
/ˈəʊvəvjuː/
/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/
/əˈtrækt/
/əˈtrækʃn/
/əˈtræktɪv/
/rɪˈleɪʃn/
/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/
/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/
/kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/
/kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/
/piːk/

đồn điền (dừa)
chợ nổi
vườn cây ăn trái
điêu khắc
tinh thần
đời sống tinh thần
làm hư hại
làm hư hại
kiến thức
thử thách
tổng quan
đặc điểm
thu hút, hấp dẫn
sự thu hút
hấp dẫn
mối quan hệ
thiết lập, tạo dựng
sự thiết lập
hợp tác
sự hợp tác
đỉnh, chóp

B. GRAMMAR
I.  MỘT SỐ DẠNG CÂU HỎI TRONG TIẾNG ANH
1) Câu hỏi Yes / No (Yes/No Questions)
Trợ động từ (be, do, does, did) + Chủ ngữ (S) + động từ (V-inf) + ...?
- Yes, S + trợ động từ/ to be.
- No, S + trợ động tử/ to be + not.
Ex:

Was Trinh sick yesterday? - No, she was not.

2) Câu hỏi lấy thông tin (Information Questions)
- who: hỏi về người (làm chủ ngữ)

- whom: hỏi về người (làm tân ngữ)

- whose + N : hỏi về sở hữu của ai

- what (cái gì): hỏi về sự vật, đồ vật hay con vật

- which + N: chỉ sự chọn lựa

- where: hỏi về nơi chốn

- when: hỏi về thời gian

- why: hỏi về nguyên nhân, lí do

- how: hỏi về cách thức, trạng thái

- how many: hỏi về số lượng (danh từ đếm được)

- how much: hỏi về số lượng (danh từ không đếm được), hỏi về giá cả
* Who / What: câu hỏi chủ ngữ
Who / What + động từ (V) + ...?
Ex: 

- What happened last night? 

   

- Who opened the door? 

* Whom / What: câu hỏi tân ngữ
Whom/ What + trợ động từ (do/ does/ did) + S + V-inf + ... ?
Ex: 

- What did Trang buy at the store? 

   

- Whom does Lan know from the UK?

* When, Where, How và Why: Câu hỏi bổ ngữ
When/ Where/ Why/ How + trợ động từ (be, do, does, did) + S + V-inf + ….?
Ex: 

- How did Trang get to school today? 

   

- When did he move to Ha Noi? 

* Whose: của ai
Ex: 

- Whose is this umbrella? It's mine.
- Whose pen are you using? 

3) Câu hỏi phủ định (Negative Questions)
- Để chỉ sự ngạc nhiên
Ex:

Aren't you crazy? Why do you do that?

- Là một lời cảm thán.
Ex:

Doesn't that dress look nice!

- Dùng Why với câu hỏi phủ định để nói lên một lời đề nghị hay một lời khuyên.
Ex: 

- Why don't you lock the door? 

    

- Why don't we go out for a meal? 

II. MẠO TỪ (ARTICLES)
Mạo từ là từ đứng trước danh từ và cho biết danh từ ấy đề cập đến một đối tượng xác định hay không
xác định.
- Mạo từ bất định (indefinite article): a/an
- Mạo từ xác định (definite article): the
1) Mạo từ bất định “a/ an” 
- Dùng trước danh từ đếm được số ít để chỉ một người/ vật không xác định hoặc một người/ vật
được đề cập đến lần đầu mà người nghe không biết chính xác về người hay vật đó.
Ex: 

She teaches in a nice big school. -> Không xác định được ngôi trường nào.

- Dùng trước danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp, chức vụ
Ex: 

He works as a teacher. 

- Dùng để nói về chức năng sử dụng của một vật.

Ex: 

Don't use the glass as an ashtray.

- Dùng để nói về một cái gì đó chung chung, không rõ ràng.
Ex: 

She married a teacher.

- Dùng để mô tả.
Ex: 

She has a long hair.

* Không dùng a/an trong các trường hợp sau:
- Với danh từ không đếm được (not "a rice")
- Không dùng với sở hữu từ (possessive) (not a my book).
- Các bữa ăn, môn thể thao (to have lunch: ăn trưa, to play football: chơi bóng đá)
- Sau kind of, sort of, a/ an được lược bỏ đi.
Ex: a kind of tree 
2) Mạo từ xác định “the”
- Trước danh từ chỉ người hay vật độc nhất:  the sun, the moon
- Trước danh từ mà người nói và người nghe đều biết về danh từ đó hoặc được xác định rõ ràng.
Ex: Their literature teacher is old, but the English teacher is young.
- Trước tên các quốc gia ở dạng số nhiều hoặc các quốc gia có từ United
Ex: The United States, The Netherlands, The Philippines, The United Kingdom...
- Trước các địa danh mà danh từ chung đã được hiểu ngầm.
Ex: the Sahara (desert); the Autonomous Republic of Crimea 
- Trước danh từ riêng chỉ quần đảo, sông, dãy núi, đại dương.
Ex: the Bahamas, the river Thames, the Atlantic
- Trước danh từ số ít đếm được để chỉ chủng loại.
Ex: 

The horse is being replaced by the tractor.

- Trước danh từ chung có danh từ riêng theo sau xác định.
Ex: the planet Mars
- Trước số thứ tự.
Ex: 

Queen Elizabeth II is the first person to come here today.

- Trong dạng so sánh nhất (superlatives).
Ex: 

This is the youngest student in her class.
This is the best book I have ever had.

- Trước danh từ được một ngữ giới từ bổ nghĩa.
Ex: the road to London; the battle of Trafalgar 
- Trước danh từ được bổ nghĩa bằng mệnh đề quan hệ xác định.
Ex: 

The man who helped you yesterday is not here.

- “the” + tính từ để tạo thành một danh từ tập hợp (collective noun).
Ex: 

The rich should help the poor.

- Dùng “the” với nhạc cụ âm nhạc, không dùng “the” với các môn thể thao.
Ex: the piano, the violin, football, …
C. EXERCISES
I. Match the word or phrase with its definition.

1. shawl (khan pieu)

A. a wheel for raising water to a higher level

2. costume

B. a field that is on the side of a hill and divided into layers that look like steps

3. terraced field

C. local trading site for highlanders to exchange food or hand made products

4. stilt house

D. a traditional dance of a particular area or counted

5. waterwheel

E. a building used for the worship of a god or gods

6. folk dance

F. the largest stilt house in the village where village ceremonies and festivals take
place

7. communal house

G. clothes that are typical of a particular place

8. temple

H. a metal disc that makes a loud deep sound when it is hit with a stick

9. gong

I. a house raised on piles over the surface of the soil

10. open-air market

J. a large piece of cloth worn by Thai women or girls over their head

II. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases from the box.
terraced fields
unique

costume
diverse

stilt houses
speciality

heritage site
ornaments

ethnic minorities
folk dances

1. The Nung mostly live in ____________ though they also live in earthen houses.
2. Five-colour sticky rice is well-known as a ____________ of the north-western region of Vietnam.
3. The goods in the open-air market are ____________. You can find almost everything there.
4. Thai cloth is well-known for being ____________, colourful and strong.
5. Xoe and Sap are ____________ of Thai ethnic minority people.
6. The ____________ of the Nung is not as colorful as that of other ethnic groups.
7. My Son sanctuary has been recognized by UNESCO as a world ____________.
8. Thai women retain their traditional clothes including short vests, long black skirts, scarves, and
____________.
9. Sa Pa is famous for the ____________ located in the mountainous area.
10. ____________ make up between 10 to 15 percent of the population in Vietnam.
Ill. Choose the best expression in response to each sentence.
1. 'Is it true that Y Moan was the greatest pop singer of the Ede?' '_________'
a. Really?

b. How beautiful!

c. Come on!

d. Exactly.

2. 'Look at this dish, Nick. It has five colours.' '_________'
a. How nice!

b. What a shame!

c. Sounds bad.

d. Okay.

3. 'In some ethnic groups, women play the leading role in the family' '_________'
a. Well, of course.

b. I don't think so.

c. Wow, that's surprising!

d. It's all right

4. 'After a 20 day homestay, I can use chopsticks, harvest rice, and cook some Vietnamese dish.' '_________'
a. Yeah, I'd like to.

b. That's awesome!

c. It's wrong.

d. No problem.

5. 'The ethnic minorities are mainly concentrated in Northern Uplands and Central Highlands.' '_________'
a. Oh, I see.

b. So far so good.

c. How convenient!

d. Almost certainly.

6. 'I have two tickets to a gong performance. Would you like to go?' '_________ What time?'
a. Sorry, I can't.

b. Not very good.

c. Yes, I'd like that.

d. Never mind.

7. 'Let's go to the local open-air market' '_________'
a. Good idea.

b. I'd love to.

c. Not at all.

d. Yes, of course.

8. 'Tomorrow we will go to Coc Ly market. You can buy lots of handmade items there.'
'_________'
a. What a pity!

b. How interesting

c. How thoughtful!

d. Well done.

IV. Complete each sentence with a suitable question word.
1. _____________ ethnic group has larger population, Cho Ro or Chu Ru? – Cho Ro.
2. _____________ groups of languages do all ethnic groups speak? – Eight groups.
3. _____________ is the biggest house in the village? – It's the communal house.
4. _____________ arts are displayed in a museum in Da Nang city? – The Cham's.
5. _____________ do the San Diu mainly live? – In Quang Ninh province.
6. _____________ do the Thai hold ceremonies to worship their ancestors? – Every year.
7. _____________ is the village chief of the Phu La? – The oldest man.
8. _____________ is it from here, to the communal house? – Just about one kilometre.
9. _____________ is “khan pieu”? – It's a shawl with colorful embroidery.
10. _____________ do they cook five coloured sticky rice? – On special occasions.
V. Make questions for the underlined words.
1. We'd like to know something about the cultural groups of Vietnam.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
2. The Tay don't allow guests to sit in the room of their altar because that room is such a sacred place.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
3. The Pu Peo farm on burned land and terraced fields.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
4. They dug canals to bring water to their rice fields.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
5. The Muong speak the Muong language.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
6. A typical La Chi stilt house has three apartments.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
7. Some ethnic groups lived a semi-nomadic life decades ago.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
8. Ako Dhong village was established by chief of village Ama H'rin.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
9. Most people in the village live simply and happily.

-> __________________________________________________________________________
10. The open air market is about 3 kilometres from our village.
-> __________________________________________________________________________
VI. Change each sentence Into a question using the question words in brackets.
1. The girl with a shawl on her head is a member of the Thai. (Who)
___________________________________________________________________________
2. The Khmer have three main festivals in a year. (How many)
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Odu is the smallest ethnic group in Vietnam. (Which)
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Ok Om Bok Festival is the biggest festival of Khmer people. (What)
___________________________________________________________________________
5. We can find terraced fields in the northern mountainous regions. (Where)
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Bom Bo village is about 200 kilometres from Ho Chi Minh city. (How far)
___________________________________________________________________________
7. They built their houses on stilts to prevent flooding from tides or storms. (Why)
___________________________________________________________________________
8. The population of the Tay ethnic group is about 1.7 million. (What)
___________________________________________________________________________
9. The Tay have lived in Vietnam for thousands of years. (How long)
___________________________________________________________________________
10. The M'nong mainly live in Dak Lak province. (Where)
___________________________________________________________________________
VII. Underline the correct option. This may include a space (–) for zero article.
1. Vietnam is (a / an / the) multiethnic country with 54 ethnic groups.
2 The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of (a / the / –) country's population.
3. Chaul Chnam Thmey is (a / an / the) celebration of New Year by Khmers.
4 Folk singing of the Bru-Van Kieu is popular, particularly Cha chap and Sim, (the / a / an) alternating chant
between young men and women.
5 Ancestor worship is (the / a / –) most important religious activity among the Bru-Van Kieu.
6. The La Ha grow (the / – / a) cotton but do not weave.
7. The Rong house of the Xo Dang is (a / an / the) big stilt house with a high roof which looks like a/an/ the
axe.
8. The young Co Ho women play (an / a / the) active role in marriage.
9. The Ba Na are one of (the / a / an) oldest ethnic minority groups living in (a / – / the) Central Highlands.
10. (The / A / –) right of inheritance in Ede families is only for (the / – / a) daughters.
11. Y Phon lives in the city, but his family still live in (a / the / –) small village in (a / – / the) mountains.
12. (A / The / –) M'Nong live in houses built on (the / – / a) stilts or level with (a / – / the) ground.
VIII.

Complete the sentences with a, an or the.

1. ________ number of ethnic minorities had mastered some farming techniques.
2. The Kinh or Viet is ________ largest group, accounting for 86 percent of________ population of Vietnam.
3. The Thai have________population of over one million people, account for approximately 1.8% of ________
Vietnamese population.
4. Dao women usually wear ________ long blouse with ________ dress or trousers.
5. “Mua sap” is ________ folk dance of ________ Muong.
6. The Raglai have _______ musical instrument made of bamboo called________ Chapi.
7. S'tieng is ________ ethnic group living mostly in ________ southern provinces of Vietnam.
8. Gathering and hunting still play________ important role in ________ economy of the Laha.
9. Vietnam has 54 ethnic groups and more than 40 of _______ groups living in _______ highlands.
10. When eating is finished, the Dao have ________ tradition that they never put down the chopsticks on
________ bowl.
IX. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Many ethnic groups managed to live together ___________. (peace)
2. How often is the Gong Festival ___________? (celebrate)
3. The ___________ of people in Vietnam belong to the Kinh people. (major)
4. The ___________ house is the place where village ceremonies and festivals take place. (commune)
5. ___________ is a traditional folk art of the Miao people. (embroider)
6 Five-coloured sticky rice is a traditional ___________ of Tay people. (special)
7. H'mong people live in the northern ___________ region of Vietnam. (mountain)
8. The Thai are known for their ___________ garments and their houses on stilts. (weave)
9. The ___________ you can find in Sapa include the Hmong, Dao, and Tay. (ethnic)
10. Muong people are ___________ more closely related to the Thai people. (culture)
X. Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.
1. Nick is curious ___________ the ethnic minority groups in Vietnam.
2. The Viet account ___________ about 86% of Vietnam's population.
3. The M'Nong live in houses built ___________ stilts.
4. The Hmong live mostly ___________ the mountainous regions ___________ the north.
5. The M'Nong in Ban Don are well known _______ their elephant hunting and domestication.
6. Many ethnic minority students are studying ___________ boarding schools.
7. The Thai have a population ___________ about one and a half million people.
8. Tay language belongs ___________ the Tay-Thai language group.
9. The communal house is used ___________ village meetings and festivities.
10. The Chapi is made ___________ a section of an old bamboo.
XI. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate phrases or sentences (A - J).

A. Exactly.
B. Yes. But they also live in earthen houses, and half stilt-half earth houses.
C. They mostly live in the northern provinces.
D. Let's go.
E. Hi, Thao! I'm reading about Nung people.
F. It's growing wet rice.
G. OK, thanks. Look at this note and ask me about this ethnic group.
H. A lot. And I must learn by heart.
I. They celebrate many festivals in a year, but “Lung Tung" is the most famous one.
J. About 1 million people.
Thao: Hi, Phong! What are you reading?
Phong: (1)______________________________________________________________________
Thao: Oh, I see. You'll give a lecture on ethnic minorities, won't you?
Phong: (2) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: What have you learned so far?
Phong: (3) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: Let me help you to revise it.
Phong: (4) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: Well, where do the Nung live?
Phong: (5) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: What is the population of the Nung?
Phong: (6) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: Do they live in stilt houses?
Phong: (7) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: What is their main source of living?
Phong: (8) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: How many festivals do they have in a year?
Phong: (9) ______________________________________________________________________
Thao: All correct! You did study hard. Take a rest. Let's go out for a drink.
Phong: (10) _____________________________________________________________________
XII. Fill in each gap with a word from the box.
including

display

ethnic

which

diversity

viewed

throughout

home

Vietnam Museum of Ethnology in Hanoi offers an insight into the 54 different (1)______ groups of Vietnam
in an effort to preserve cultural heritage and promote socio-cultural (2)_________ within the country.
The museum has over 15,000 artefacts (3)________ photographs and other multi-media such as
audiotapes. Its indoor exhibition space can be (4)________ via virtual tour (5)________ includes the Viet,
Muong, Tho, Chut, Tay, Thai, Ka Dai, H'Mong-Dao, Tang, San Dui, Ngai, Mon-Khmer, Nam-Dao, Cham, Hoa and
Khmer ethnic groups. There are priceless antiques on (6)_________ alongside everyday objects such as pipes,
baskets and knives.

The outdoor area presents a range of traditional (7)________ including a lay stilt house and a Viet house.
The museum is suitable for children, and all documents and display signs (8)______ have been translated into
French and English.
XIII.

Read the text carefully, then do the tasks below.

The Muong are among the ethnic minority groups that have big populations in Vietnam. The Muong share
an estimate of 1.3 million people from their six sub-groups, such as Mol, Mual, Moi, Moi Bi, Au Ta and Ao Ta.
They are largely concentrated in the provinces of Hoa Binh and Thanh Hoa particularly in mountainous districts.
Their language belongs to the Viet-Muong group and they hold many ceremonies year round.
The Muong have practiced farming for a long time and wet rice is their main food staple. Most of their
family's other income is generated through the exploitation of forest products including mushrooms, dried
fungus, ammonium, and sticklac. The men are known for basketry as women are skilled in silk spinning and
loom weaving.
The Muong have diverse folk arts including folk songs and poems, sorcerer's worshiping songs, tales,
proverbs, lullabies, and riddle songs. The gong is the most popular musical instrument along with the flute, the
two-string violin, the drum, and the panpipe.
A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. The Muong is one of the largest ethnic minorities in Vietnam.
2. The Muong are also called Mol, Mual, Moi, Mol Bi, Au Ta and Ao Ta.
3. The Muong don't have their own language, so they speak Vietnamese.
4. The Muong live mainly on forest products, such as mushrooms and dried fungus.
5. Muong women are very good at making baskets and loom weaving.
6. The Muong have a rich treasure of folk arts.
B. Answer the questions.
1. What is the population of the Muong?
______________________________________________________________________
2. Where do the Muong mostly live?
______________________________________________________________________
3. What is the main food product of the Muong?
______________________________________________________________________
4. What are musical instruments of the Muong?
______________________________________________________________________
XIV.

Make sentences from the cues given.

1. which ethnic group/ second largest population/ Vietnam?
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Sap dance/ typical dance/ Muong people/ the north.
_________________________________________________________________________
3. Most/ ethnic minorities/ Vietnam/ live/ mountainous areas.
_________________________________________________________________________
4. Thai ethnic minority/ well known/ beautifully woven garments
_________________________________________________________________________
5. The New Year celebration/ Lao ethnic group/ lunar April.
_________________________________________________________________________

6. Thai people/ account/ approximately 1.8%/ Vietnam's population
_________________________________________________________________________
7. The Tay/ live/ fertile plains/ they/ cultivate/ rice/ keep/ cattle and poultry
_________________________________________________________________________
8. How long/ the Ede/ lived/ the high plateau region/ central Vietnam?
_________________________________________________________________________
XV.Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.
1. Your village is so beautiful!
What____________________________________________________________________
2. How long is it since you built this stilt house?
When____________________________________________________________________
3. Living in a big city is more convenient than living in a village.
It's ______________________________________________________________________
4. Where does he live?
What____________________________________________________________________
5. Although the villagers are quite poor, they live a happy and healthy way.
In spite of________________________________________________________________
6. What did the local people say?
Could you tell me__________________________________________________________
7. Romantic films interest me more than war films.
I find____________________________________________________________________
8. A lot of people take the train from Oxford to London every day.
A lot of people travel_______________________________________________________
9. How about asking the local people for help?
Why_____________________________________________________________________
10. Is there an ancestral altar in the La Chi's largest apartment?
Does____________________________________________________________________
TEST FOR UNIT 3
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. school

b. skull

c. scenery

d. sky

2. a. visited

b. recommended

c. wanted

d. hoped

3. a. important

b. boring

c. minor

d. northern

4. a. community

b. custom

c. costume

d. museum

5. a. ethnic

b. gather

c. though

d. clothing

II. Complete the sentences with the suitable words.
1. Cong-Chieng, or ________, is a musical instrument made of bronze.
2. Five-coloured ________ ________ is an important dish of almost all ethnic minorities.
3. The Rong house of the Xo Dang is a big ________ ________ with a high roof.

4. Hmong farmers have been growing rice on the ________ ________ for hundreds of years.
5. The Xoe dance is one of the most popular ________ ________ of the Thai ethnic group.
6. Black Thai women wear the ________ with colourful embroidery called 'khan pieu'.
7. My Son Sanctuary includes Cham ________ in a valley about 2 km in diameter, surrounded by hills.
8. Hoa Ban ________ takes place on March, when orchids and peach blossom everywhere in the northwestern region.
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The Dao in the Sapa area is famous ________ its “love market.”
a. for

b. in

c. with

d. to

2. The Thai live ________ farming on their burnt-over land and wet-rice terraced fields.
a. in

b. on

c. out

d. up

3. The ________ house is a place where villagers gather for festivals and rituals.
a. terraced

b. splendid

c. communal

d. thatched

4. There were lots of interesting folk games, _______ Kenny stayed a little longer to join them.
a. but

b. because

c. however

d. so

5. '________ dress in red and black costume?' 'The Dao'
a. What

b. Which

c. Who

d. When

6. What colour is ________ symbol of good luck for the Hoa?
a. a

b. an

c. -

d. some

7. ________ in terraced fields is the main economic activity of ethnic people in Sapa.
a. Fishing

b. Rice cultivation

c. Huntin...