UNIT 11: CHANGING ROLES IN SOCIETY

A. PHONETICS
I. Decide whether the following sentences express an agreement (A) or disagreement (D).
1. You have a point there. ( ____ )
2. Well, he may be wrong. ( ____ )
3. No doubt about it. ( ____ )
4. She can't join us? ( ____ )
5. That's not always the case. ( ____ )
6. I was just going to say that. ( ____ )
7. I'd say the exact opposite. ( ____ )
8. Me neither. ( ____ )
9. I couldn't agree with you more. ( ____ )
10. No, I'm not so sure about that. ( ____ )
II. Mark the sentences with a falling arrow (↘) for an agreement or a rising arrow (↗) for a
disagreement.
Albert:        Students won't go to school in the near future. They will have lectures at home.
Carol:        Well, you may be right. (1. ____ )
Albert:        But it's not as simple as we think because it's not easy for teachers to control the
students at their home.
Carol:        Teachers can't control students at their home? (2. ____ )
Albert:        There will be an effective solution to the problem with the help of technology.
Carol:        Yes, it can hardly be denied. (3. ____ )
Albert:        Teachers will also need the help of the parents. They will cooperate to ensure the
success of the classes.
Carol:        That's an important point. (4. ____ )
Albert:        It will save a lot of time and money for the society if schools can apply online
teaching successfully.
Carol:        Yes, I suppose so. (5. ____ )
B. VOCABULARY
I. Match the words or phrases with their definitions.
1. facilitator
a. mostly controlled by men
2. tailoring
b. pressure to earn enough money
3. sole
c. quickly take action to meet the needs of someone or something
4. breadwinner
d. adjusting something to suit a particular need or situation
5. no doubt
e. practising something rather than just learning or reading about
6. financial burden
it
7. individually-oriented
f. a person who supports his family with the money he earns
8. male-dominated
g. aimed at individuals
9. hands-on
h. a person who helps somebody to do something more easily by
10. responsive to
discussing and giving guidance
i. clearly
j. only
II. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase from the box.

1. Nowadays women can easily start their own business and would like to be more ________
independent.
2. Japan has advanced from a rural, ________ society to an urban, industrial power.
3. Languages, which includes French and Russian, are an essential part of the school's
4. In modern society, men are not the only ________ , women also have a voice in everything.

5. In my neighbourhood, most of the parents have children and they are ________ tied to the
school holidays.
6. Professional ________ , instructors, and evaluation students are encouraged to watch this
event.
7. ________ development is measured with indicators, such as GDP, life expectancy, literacy
and levels of employment.
8. The ________ for energy and fuel is expected to increase dramatically in the upcoming
years.
9. Teachers in Indian classrooms are not mere ________ , they assist their students in seeking
wisdom through knowledge.
10. The universities have expanded, thus allowing many more people the chance of _______
III. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. Not _______ with his new car, Bob now wants a bike for trips into the city centre.
        A. responsive         B. content        C. dependent         D. advantageous
2. _______ is standard practice for all training arranged through the school.
        A. Provision         B. Development         C. Operation         D. Evaluation
3. He is too lazy to walk to work, and furthermore, he has no sense of _______.
        A. humour        B. responsibility        C. style        D. direction
4. She has overloaded her _______ with work, study, and family responsibilities.
        A. curriculum        B. syllabus        C. schedule        D. course
5. Women in the past were content to let the man be the _______ and head of household.
        A. facilitator                B. supporter
        C. information provider                D. breadwinner
6. If there are children, will both parents work, or will there be a(n) _______ parent?
        A. stay-at-home         B. after-school         C. housework         D. child-care
7. In this university's language institute, individuals can enrol on _______ courses.
        A. self-employed                B. mass-focussed
        C. individual-oriented                D. self-study
8. Modern and _______ teaching methods are combined at many schools in the country.
        A. traditional         B. online        C. virtual        D. actual
9. William has a _______ job at a local market and he only works three days a week.
        A. full-time        B. part-time        C. overtime        D. extra work
10. The _______ year at this university is divided into autumn semester and spring semester.
        A. hands-on        B. theoretical        C. real-life        D. academic
IV. Write the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. The ________ attending this seminar were mostly students, businessmen, and housewives.
(participate)
2. School officials say they will not welcome parental ________ in the running of school.
(involve)
3. By ________ their curriculum, classes can become more efficient and students can learn
better. (tailor)
4. The new syllabus is divided into subject areas and allows students greater ________  of
choice. (free)
5. In many countries information technology is very much a ________ industry. (maledominate)
6. ________ work schedules are stressing me out - I sometimes have to work late at very short
notice. (predict)
7. Sara has passed the interview but she is still ________ whether she should accept that job.
(doubt)
8. The recruiter required that all ________ for the job should have a basic grounding in
computer skills. (apply)

9. Her mother, in whom she confided, said she would support her ________. (condition)
10. This grammar book is suitable both for classroom use and for ________ study. (depend)
C. GRAMMAR
I. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.
1. Regardless of teaching mode, accommodations will (be made/ make) for all students.
2. Skills will not (assess/ be assessed) on paper but based on their hands-on performance.
3. Women will no longer (fight/ be fought) on their own for equal pay for equal work.
4. Women will (give/ be given) priority in training courses with guarantees of employment.
5. Students will (be encouraged/ be encouraging) to utilize and apply the concepts learned
from the course.
6. At the current rate of change, it will (take/ be taken) over 200 years to achieve gender
equality.
7. The college will (tailor/ be tailored) its curriculum to the pace, needs, and interests of each
student.
8. Many countries will (be severely punished/ severely punish) the illegal hunting and trading
of wild animals.
9. In the future information society, the characteristics and functions of libraries will (be
greatly transformed/ greatly be transformed).
10. The curricula will (create/ be created) more room for students to fulfil their internships,
mentoring projects and collaboration projects.
II. Complete the sentences in the passive voice.
1. Many people worry that technology will replace human intelligence.
        Many people        
2. Robots will help humans to perform their tasks better, not to take their jobs.
        Humans        
3. Self-driven technology will free up time to focus on human interactions.
        Time        
4. They will provide more opportunities for students to obtain real-world skills.
        More        
5. During the pilot study, they will be developing robot applications and lesson plans.
        During        
6. They will demolish the flyover at the crossroad in front of my school for the metro route.
        The flyover        
7. A panel of judges will be assessing all essays on grammar, creativity and originality.
        All essays        
8. They will positively reinforce students during their individual learning processes.
        Students        
9. A new report predicts that people will fully automate most household chores by 2050.
        A new report        
10. They will provide parents with regular meetings relating to the education of their children.
        Parents        
III. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.
1. He is eclipsed by his wife, (who/ whom/ that) is much cleverer and more amusing than him.
2. Classrooms will be flipped, (from which/ which/ where) means the theoretical part is
learned outside the classroom.
3. The women's power bases are broader in sub-Saharan Africa, (whose/ of which/ where) the
women have a major agricultural role.
4. Today is International Women's Day, (when/ which/ where) across the world we celebrate
the achievements of women and call for greater equality.
5. Teachers have become multifaceted experts, (who/ which/ whose) tasks include much more
than simply teaching.

6. This teaching method allows learners to learn in many different ways, (which/ where/ on
which) helps them to remain engaged and stimulated.
7. He has interviewed thirteen full-time housewives, each of (them/ who/ whom) already had
a Bachelor's degree.
8. Sports heroes and pop stars provide images for teenagers, (whom/ who/ which) may imitate
them and style themselves upon them.
9. Some people idealize a traditional division of household labour, (to whom/ in which/ whose)
wives perform most chores and child-care duties.
10. Americans should also turn the attention to their own home, (where/ which/ that) gender
inequality remains deeply protected by old-school social norms.
IV. Combine the pairs of sentences using non-defining relative clauses and the word in
brackets.
1. Simon and Sarah talked about their wedding day. There were more than 500 guests on that
day. (when)
                
2. Mr Chana met his oldest wife when he was 21. She is three years older than he is. (who)
                
3. There are over 7000 students at this university. Many of them come from overseas. (whom)
                
4. Chloe is a stay-at-home mother. Her husband's career covers all the expenses. (whose)
                
5. The number of one-parent families has increased. One parent or another adult is the sole
provider for their family there. (where)
                
6. She joined several business forums and met many people. Their education and success
likewise inspired her. (whose)
                
7. Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman to graduate from a medical school in the United
States. She was born in 1821. (who)
                
8. 'Education 5.0' is my vision for the future of education. It responds to the needs of the fifth
industrial revolution. (which)
                
9. Every year on the 8th of March the world celebrates International Women's Day. Everyone
shows their appreciation and respect to women on this day. (when)
                
10. Teachers will have individualised learning plans for students. This will enable each student
to learn better at their own pace. (which)
                
V. Choose the best answers to complete the sentences.
1. Mrs Celeb is a forty-year-old woman with three children, _______ is eleven years old.
        A. the eldest of whom                B. the oldest of three
        C. the oldest of them                D. the eldest of who
2. I like paper book more than e-book, but I think paper book _______ by e-book one day.
        A. will be replacing                B. will replace
        C. will be replaced                D. will be being replaced
3. December, _______ Christmas is celebrated, is my most favourite month of the year.
        A. that        B. when        C. which        D. whose
4. Students _______ with different devices, different programs and techniques based on their
own preference.
        A. will be learned         B. will be being learned         C. will be learning         D. will learn

5. That library has thousands of books, many of _______ are extremely rare.
        A. that        B. them        C. those        D. which
6. Education was thought to be more important for boys, _______ role would be to work and
support a family in the future years.
        A. whose        B. whom        C. who        D. of whom
7. As children grow in a family, parents' decisions _______ about their health and education.
        A. will be needed to make                B. will need to be made
        C. will be needing to make        D. will be being needed making
8. Within the world we live in today, _______ media is largely dominant, it may be appropriate
to block some forms of media from children.
        A. which        B. where        C. when        D. why
9. As part of a new strategy to protect nature in the European Union, billions of new trees
_______ across the member states.
        A. will surely be planted                B. will surely plant
        C. will be surely planted                D. surely will plant
10. Tomorrow's education must present itself as an alternative to the increase in university
fees, _______ exclude certain students and lead others into debt.
        A. who        B. when        C. where        D. which
VI. Choose the word or phrase that needs correction.
1. Students will be learning outside, arming with different devices, and listening to
                         A                   B                                        C
a teacher of choice.
         D
2. This testing result is particular important with medical staff, whose figures are contradictory.
                                       A                                B       C                        D
3. Connections Academy can benefit many students, who may be struggled to learn in a
                                   A                            B                    C
traditional setting.
                  D
4. We invite all our readers, each of them is sure to buy the book, to send their several
           A                                 B                        C                  D
experiences on the subject.
5. At this time next week a meeting will be held to discuss the future of the school operation.
     A                                               B                 C                                D
6. This course on civic education is directed to educate citizens living in a future society,
                 A                         B
where human rights are respectful.
    C                                D
7. By making education freely, a majority of people will be educated, making overall a
                               A                 B                        C                D
positive environment in our society.
8. Societies assign different values to the roles of men and women, that becomes a basis for
                 A                         B                                          C                     D
inequality and discrimination.
9. Their drama positive affects millions of women, for whom the show is more than
                         A                                     B                      C
mere entertainment.
           D
10. A total of 51,600 stay-at-home mothers in Singapore, of whom 87 per cent are aged
                                                                    A                         B
between 30 and 49, are caring for their own children age 12 and below.

                                C                                  D
D. SPEAKING
I. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box.

William:        Do you usually do household chores, Alexandre?
Alexandre:        Yes, I do. (1) ________________________________________I have them
washed by the washing machine, then I hang them up to dry.
William:        (2) ________________________________________
Alexandre:        No... I often help my parents with the housework such as tidying up the rooms,
cleaning
the
balcony
and
cutting
grass
in
the
yards.
(3)
____________________________________How about you?
William:        I don't like it. Why do I have to do all of that? My parents are always nagging at
me. (4) ________________________________________
Alexandre:        You shouldn't say that. Housework should be shared among family members.
(5) ________________________________________
William:        I don't know. I feel like I'm not a man when I do such things.
Alexandre:        Feel
like
you're
not
a
man?
(6)
________________________________________Be fair, boy! A real man knows
how to make women around him happy.
William:        We are going to have a home robot soon. Together with other machines it will do
all those sorts of things.
Alexandre:        There will still be some housework that you have to do yourself. Come on! (7)
___________
______________________________ Don't act like an old fogy.
William:        Alright! I know what you mean. I was just joking. I'm not that bad.
Alexandre:        (8) ________________________________________
William:        I'm sorry. I didn't mean to offend anyone.
Alexandre:        Okay.
II. Put the sentences in the correct order to make a conversation.
        Yes, I do like going to school, but I don't like walking to school. It takes much time, you
know.
        Yes, I am. I'm really excited about that.
        Not really. We spend the same amount of money every month. Online learning will only
cost a little bit more.
        It seems that you have a lot of benefits when studying at home.
        Oh, I forget it. You often walk to school.
        It's not the only reason. Working with computer, software and the Internet gives me
pleasure.
    1    Are you learning online at home this afternoon?
        Me too. I have no problem with studying online. My parents don't have to take me to
school. They will have more time to do other work.
        But Internet fee and electronic devices such as laptop can be quite a financial burden.

        Excited? Don't you like going to school?
        This will be the future of education, I think.
        You can say so. How about you?
E. READING
I. Read the passage and do the tasks.
The roles of women in family and society have changed drastically over the last few
decades. Women have struggled for a long time to obtain equality, acceptance, and
recognition. Though the number of female leaders has been increasing, statistically, more men
are found in the leadership roles than women. Very few women reach the highest position in
international companies or in government offices.
In spite of women's important factors in the workforce, they still assume primary
responsibility for taking care of children, doing housework, and solving all the problem of the
family. Those family tasks and affairs have certainly negative effects on the women's
achievements in work and social status. They are required to interrupt or quit their jobs. Many
of them even sacrifice on their careers for their families. As a result, companies take the view
that work and career are not women's first priority.
Recent research shows that women who have made it to the management levels are often
childless or have waited to attain career success before starting their marriage.
The perception is that a woman with a family needs to offer her time at home in the evening
and cannot undertake work responsibilities that might need a stretch in working hours.
Women with young children find it hard to leave home to go on business, or work overtime.
Considering the aspects of women's health, responsibilities, and burdens on family and
work, many companies and offices hesitate to appoint women as leaders because they keep in
mind that women's leadership may not be fulfilled perfectly.
A. Match the words or phrases with their meanings.
1. equality
a. a continuous period of time
2. social status
b. a duty, responsibility, etc. that causes worry, difficulty or hard work
3. perception
c. the fact of having the same rights, status, advantages, etc.
4. stretch
d. a person's standing or importance in relation to other people within a
5. burden
society
e. an idea, a belief or an image you have as a result of how you see or
understand something
B. Decide whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE.
1. Today there are more women with high position in different organizations than in the past.
________
2. Taking care of children, doing housework and solving the family's problems are no longer
the women's primary responsibility. ________
3. Women can make it to the management levels because they have already got married and
had children. ________
4. It is difficult for women with young children to leave home to go on business or work
overtime. ________
5. Although women's leadership may not be fulfilled perfectly, many companies and offices do
not hesitate to appoint women as leaders. ________
II. Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
It is clear that the 21st-century classroom needs are very different from the 20th-century
ones. While in the last century, teachers were only (1) ________ providers, at the present time
and in the future, teachers are considered as (2) ________ of student's learning and creators
of productive classroom environments, in which students can develop the (3) ________ they
actually need at present or in the future.

The progress and advancement of science and (4) ________ will certainly be a major
factor in how education in the future differs from education today. Therefore, the school
curriculum and the (5) ________ of teachers will also change to be suitable with the
development of the world.
The teacher will be a mentor, a guide, a motivator, and a source of inspiration to students
when they are involved in either project work or (6) ________. Teachers will provide advice
and (7) ________ to help students clarify ideas and solve tasks. Each teacher will have a
unique way supporting student's academic and social developments throughout their (8)
________. The interaction relationship between teachers and students will create a
comfortable, safe and secure learning environment.
F. WRITING
I. Reorder the words to make meaningful sentences.
1. face to face/ actual classrooms/ will/ can/ interact/ still/ be/ There/ where/ teachers and
students
                
2. will/ evaluate/ students' academic performance/ through/ exams/ Schools/ and/ practical
activities
                
3. will/ stay-at-home/ More men/ and/ become/ do/ look after/ dads/ will/ they/ and/
children/ the/ household chores
                
4. Men/ but/ no/ be/ dominant figures,/ the/ the/ learn/ longer/ sole decision makers,/ the/
will/ housework/ to/ share/ will
                
5. of/ to/ will/ the/ With/ more women/ the/ male breadwinner/ be/ reduced/ going out/
financial burden/ work,
                
6. the/ may/ future,/ stay at home/ children/ fathers/ externally employed/ to/ or/ In/ look
after/ their/ be
                
7. More and more women/ higher/ university/ countries/ entering/ developing/ degrees/
education/ in/ getting/ are/ and
                
8. certain days/ and/ certain lessons/ to/ to/ for/ have/ to/ will/ Students/ more freedom/
school/ on/ go/ whether/ choose
                
9. a/ will/ The schools/ to/ the/ no/ is/ longer/ be/ enter/ university/ a/ only evaluator/ which/
whether/ student/ allowed/ decides
                
10. to/ would like/ their families/ to/ be/ Women/ job/ support/ have/ a/ as well as/ to/
financially independent
                
II. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one.
1. Everybody believes that women make better teachers than men do.
        Women are        
2. The Women's Museum will be renovated before they are open to public again.
        After being        
3. Because they had collaborated well together, they were successful in their project.
        Because of        
4. The number of students who attended online classes exceeded the teacher's expectation.
        More students        

5. Equality and freedom are the most basic human rights. Women have struggled for them.
        Women        
6. New scientific discoveries and technological advancement will make our life much easier.
        Our life        
7. The dramatic changes will greatly affect the socio-economic picture of the developing
countries.
        The socio-economic picture        
8. They will teach knowledges, skills, and attitudes in school for students' future adjustment to
society.
        Knowledges, skills, and attitudes        
9. The feudal system promotes the male-dominated societies. Women obey men
unconditionally there.
        The feudal system promotes        
10. Women's Liberation Movement is a women's collective struggle for gender equality. It
emerged in the late 1960s.
        Women's Liberation Movement,