REPORTED SPEECH 8,9
I.STATEMENT
+ Câu khẳng định/ phủ định
Ct: S + said
told Sb/O that + S+ V(lùi thì)
said to Sb/O
Ex 1. “ I am a student” . he said

He said that he was a student
Ex 2. “ we buy a computer” they said to me
They told me that they bought a computer
Cách chuyển đổi: 1.đại từ nhân xưng, Tính từ sở hữu, tân ngữ, Đại từ sở hữu, Đại từ
phản thân
Thông thường:
+ I-> He/she,my-> his/her, me-> him/her, mine-> his/hers, myself-> himself/herself
+ We -> they/you, our-> their, us-> them, ours-> theirs, ourselves-> themselves
+ you-> we/he/he…..

ĐTNX
(- đứng đầu câu
làm S)

I: tôi

TTSH
(- đứng trước N,
làm Adj)

ĐTSH
(- đứng đầu câu
làm S
– đứng sau V làm
O
Có vai trò như
TTSH+N)

ĐTTN
(- đứng sau V làm
O)

ĐTPT
(- đứng sa
O nhấn m
– đứng sau
cuối câu)

My

Mine

Me

Myself

You: bạn
(số ít)

Yourself

1

You: các bạn
(số nhiều)

Your

Yours

You

We: chúng ta

Our

Ours

Us

Ourselves

They: họ

Their

Theirs

Them

Themselve

She: cô ấy

Her

Hers

Her

Herself

He: anh ấy

His

His

Him

Himself

It: nó

Its

Its

It

Itself

*Kí hiệu trong bảng:
1. ĐTNX: đại từ nhân xưng
2. TTSH: tính từ sở hữu
3. ĐTSH: đại từ sở hữu
4. ĐTPT: đại từ phản thân
5. S (subject): chủ ngữ
6. V (verb): động từ
7. O (object): tân ngữ
8. N (noun): danh từ
9. Adj (adjective): tính từ
Rule (Quy tắc)
1. Tenses
(Thì)

Direct speech (Trực tiếp)
Reported speech (Gián tiếp)
Present simple (V/Vs/es) Past
simple
(Ved)
Hiện tại đơn
Quá khứ đơn
Present
progressive Past progressive (was/were+Ving)
(is/am/are+Ving)
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
Quá khứ tiếp diễn
Present
perfect Past
perfect
(had+VPII)
(have/has+VpII)
Hiện tại hoàn thành
Quá khứ hoàn thành
Past
simple
(Ved) Past
perfect
(had
+VpII)
Quá khứ đơn
Quá khứ hoàn thành
Past
progressive/
Past progressive (was/were
Past perfect progressive (had +been
+Ving)
+Ving)
Quá khứ tiếp diễn / Quá khứ hoàn
Quá khứ tiếp diễn
thành tiếp diễn
Past
perfect Past
perfect
Quá khứ hoàn thành
Quá khứ hoàn thành
Future simple (will +V) Future in the past (would +V)
Tương lai đơn
Tương lai trong quá khứ
Near
future
(is/am/areWas/were +going to +V
2

Yourselves

+going
to+V)
Tương lai gần
2.
Modal
verbs Can
Could
(Động từ khuyết May
Might
thiếu)
Must
Must/Had to
This
That
3. Adverb of place
That
That
(Trạng từ chỉ nơi
These
Those
chốn)
Here
There
Now
Then
Today
That day
Yesterday
The day before/ the previous day
The day before yesterday Two days before
The day after/the next (following)
4. Adverb of time Tomorrow
day
(Trạng từ chỉ thời
The day after tomorrow
Two days after/ in two days' time
gian)
Ago
Before
This week
That week
Last week
The week before/ the previous week
Last night
The night before
Next week
The week after/ the following week
I / me
She, he /Her, him
5.Subject/Object
We /our
They/ them
(Chủ ngữ/tân ngữ)
You/you
I, we/ me, us
NOTE: Khi chuyển động từ các bạn chỉ cần nhớ lấy động từ gần chủ ngữ nhất giảm
xuống 1 cột tức là:


Động từ ở cột 1 thì giảm xuống cột 2, ( nhớ thêm ed khi không phải là đông từ bất quy
tắc)



Động từ cột 2 thì giảm thành cột 3



Động từ cột 3 thêm had phía trước
Tuy nhiên, cần chú ý một số trường hợp sau đây không giảm thì động từ:



Nói về chân lý, sự thật.



Thì quá khứ hoàn thành.



Trong câu có năm xác định.



Các câu có cấu trúc sau: if only, as if, as though, wish, would rather, it's high time, IF
loại 2, 3 .
3

Bài tập:
I. Turn these sentences into Reported speech.
1. She said,” I can't find my umbrella”
-> She said that she couldn't find her umbrella.
2. They said, “We are learning English now”
->
3. “ My friend is coming next week”, Tom said.
->
4. “ I'll help my mum with housework this weekend”, she said
->
5. “We shall overcome this difficulty”, they said
->
.
6. “My father is a doctor here”, my friend said
->
7. “I am going on holiday tomorrow”, the boy said to his neighbor.
->
.
8. “ You will have to finish all these exercises before next week”, the teacher said to his
students
->
9. “ I came back here early yesterday,” she said.
->
10. “ I've broken the vase,” she said
->
11. “ I will never see you again,” the boy said to the girl.
->
12. He said to her, “You are my friend.”
->

4

13. Johnny said to his mother, “I don't know how to do this exercise.”
->
.”
14. “We are waiting for the school bus”, said the chidren.
->
15. Marry said, “My father died a year ago”.
->
16. John said, “I have finished studying my lesson”.
17. Mary said, “I can not go to the movies with you, John”.
->
18. “I shall expect to see you next Wednesday.” Mary said to her friend.
->
19. He said, “I don't know what happened.”
20. She said, “I went to the doctor yesterday.”
21. He said, “I have a toothache.”
22. She said, “I'll write him a prescription.”
23. They said, “We're going to the drugstore.”
24. He said, “The doctor gave me some pills.”
25. She said, “I go to the supermarket every day.”
26. He said, “I have received the envelope.”
27. They said, “We visited Cannery Row.”
28. She said, “I feel very sick.”
29. He said, “I bought some popcorn.”
30. They said, “We're flying to California.”
________________________________________________
31. He said, “I'm cutting off the main valve.”
________________________________________________
32. Nam said, “my uncle often plants the vegetables in the afternoon.”
5

________________________________________________
33. “My uncle will not plant the vegetables tomorrow afternoon”, she said.
________________________________________________
34. “Mr and Mrs Pike have just read these newspapers”, Nga said.
________________________________________________
35. She said, “I often listen to music at night.”
________________________________________________
36. Lan's mother said, “My daughter usually brushes her teeth before meals.”
________________________________________________
37. They said, “We have to do the assignments now.”
________________________________________________
38. Lan says, “My sister seldom rides a bike to school.”
________________________________________________
39. They said, “Our teacher sometimes explains the difficult lesson.”
________________________________________________
40. Nam said, “I am doing my homework now.”
________________________________________________
BÀI TẬP TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU HỎI YES/NO
Câu hỏi yes/ no:
Ex 1. Are you a student?
Ex2. Do you like sports?
CT tổng quát:
S+ASKED + Sb/O +if/whether+S+V(lùi 1 thì)
Wanted to know
Wondered
Bài 1. Thì HTD-> QKD
1. He said to me, “ Are you a student?”
2. She said to us, “Are you from Singapore?”
2. They said, “Does he play soccer well?
3. My mother said to me, “Do you have English on Monday?”
4. Nam said to his father, “Are you sick?”
Bài 2: QKD-> QKHT
6

S+was/were+ C..-> S+had been+ C..
S+ v2/ed+....-> S+ had+ V3/ed+...
1.
2.
3.
4.

He said to me, “Were you sick yesterday?”
She said to us, “ Were you in HCMC last week?”
He said to me, “Did you go to bed early last night?
The teacher said to his students, “ Did you do your homework?”
5.Loan said to her younger sister, “ Did you go out with your friend last Sunday?”
Bài 3: Thì HTHT-> QKHT
S+have/has +v3/ed-> S+had+v3/ed
1. He said to me, “ Have you been to HN?”
2. She said to us, “ Have you finished your work?”
3. They said to their children, “ Have you been ready?”
Bài 4. HTTD-> QKTD
S+is/am/are (not)+ Ving-> S+was/were (not)+ Ving
1.
He said to me, “Are you learning English now?”
2.
They said to us, “Are you listening to music?”
3.
He said to his daughter, “ Are you cooking dinner?”
Bài 5: QKTD-> QKHTTD
S+was/were (not)+Ving..
-> S+had+been+Ving
1. She said to me, “ Were you watching film at 8:30 PM last night?”
2. He said to us, “ Were you staying with your parents at this time?”
3.Nam said to his classmate, “ Were you playing with your cousin all day?”
Bài 6: TLG (be going to)
Is/am/are-> Was/were
1.
2.
3.

He said to me, “ Are you going to visit Hatien city tomorrow?
She said to us, “ Are you going to have a party next Sunday?
My father said to us, “Are you going to finish your work tomorrow morning?”
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Bài 7: TLD và modal verbs
Will/shall-> would
Can-> could, may-> might, ...
1.
He said to me, “Will you visit your parents next month?”
2.
The mother said to her daughter, “Will you come back home this weekend?”
3.
He said to us, “Can you speak English?”
Bài tập tổng hợp
1.“He said to me, “ Do you speak any languages?”
2. “Do you like the school?” he said to us
3.“Do you live with your parents?” i said to them
4.“Do you like your job?” he said to me
5. David asked me, “Do they teach music?”
6. “Are you going to London next week?” he said to us
7. “Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night?” he said to her
8. “Have you ever been to Paris?” he said to me
9.“Do you have a car?” I asked David
10.“Did you play for your school team?” bill said to them
10. He said to me, “ Are you a teacher?”
11. “Are you hungry now?” she said to me
12. He said to me, “ do you understand it now?”
13. “Did you pass the exam, John?” the teacher asked
14. “Did you phone me yesterday?” Tom asked Mary
15. “Have you seen this film before?” He asked me
8

16.
17. “Is your school near here?” she said
18.
19. Tom asked his friend, “ Do you go to school by bus?”
20.
19. I asked Mary: “ Can you use a computer?”
20. Mr. Ba said: “ Does your father live here?”
TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU HỎI WH-WORDS
Rewrite these Wh-questions in reported speech
(W)h-words: what, when, where, who, why, how, how many+ Ns, how
much, how often, how long….
Ct 1: S+ ASKED

+

(sb/O) + Wh-words+ S + V(lui 1 thi)

WANTED TO KNOW
WONDERED
Example:

"Where are you going?" Lan asked me

1. "Where does your father work?" The teacher asked me.
2."How far is it from HCM city to Vung Tau?" A tourist asked.

3."How many people are there in your family?" She asked Lan.

4. "How long will you stay in England?" Tarn's friend asked him.

5."What's your hobby?" The teacher asked Lien.

9

6.

"Why do you collect waste paper?" She asked Ba.

7. "When will you visit Hanoi?" Hoa asked her parents.
10.

"How do you go to the airport?" His friend asked him.

11.

"Where do you learn English?" She asked Lan.

12.

"What do they save paper for?" Lien asked Ba.

13.

"How much does this dress cost?" Lan asked Lien.

14.

"How often do you wash your clothes?" Ba asked Tam.

15. "How do your children enjoy the trip?" She asked Mrs.Lam.

16. “What kind of books do you read?” Thu asked Huong
17.

"What television program do you l i k e best?" She asked

18.

"What aspect of learning English do the students find most

difficult?”
The teacher aske d me.
19. "Where can you buy the new cartoon?" Lan asked Thu.
20."When will your father leave Vietnam for Singapore?” Phong said to me

TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU MÊNH LỆNH
CT: S+ASKED/TOLD+ O+ (NOT) TO+ VO
1.“ Please don't talk loudly”. He said to me
2.He said to us “Don't shut the door”.
3.” Keep silent please” He said to our class
10

4.She said to me, “ Help me with my housework”
5.Hoa said to Nam, “Lend me your car”
6.He said to Loan, “Get out of my house”
Bài 2: Convert the sentences below from direct to indirect speech (reported speech)
1.Mother said to daughter: "Put on your shoes."
2. The teacher to me: "Open your notebook."
4.Merry to her uncle: "Don't be mad at me."
.

5.Coach to Jack: "Get on your feet!"

.
6.The cashier to Angela: "Give me your receipt."
.
7. Adam to his mother: "Help me with my homework."
8. The officer to us: "Do not park here."

.

9. The ambulance driver to pedestrians: "Move out of the way!"
10.Daniel to his mother: "Wait for me."

.

.
10. Pam to her husband: "Stop acting like a child."
Bài tập về nhà : Bài 1
1. Karen: "Don't play football in the garden!"
Karen told me 
.
2. Teacher: "Don't forget your homework!"
The teacher reminded me 
3. Mike: "Don't shout at Peter!"

.

Mike told me 
.
4. Yvonne: "Don't talk to your neighbour!"
Yvonne told me 

.

11

5. Denise: "Don't open the door!"
Denise told me 
6. Marcel: "Don't sing that song!"

.

Marcel reminded me 
7. Jane: "Don't watch the new film!"

.

Jane advised me 
8. Walter: "Don't ring Romy on Sunday!"

.

Walter told me 
9. Lisa: "Don't fly via Paris!"

.

Lisa advised me 
10. Jamie: "Don't eat so much junk food!"

.

Jamie reminded me 

.

NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP KHÔNG LÙI THÌ TRONG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT
Trường hợp 1:
Động từ tường thuật (say, tell, want to know, wonder....)chia ở thì hiện tại (HTD,
HTHT,HTTD,HTHTTD) và thì tương lai đơn
Ex1. The teacher says, “ I come from HCMC”

The teacher says that he/she comes from HCMC
Ex2. He says to us, “ When will you go to school?”

He asks us when we will go to school.
Ex3. Nam has said to Lan. “ Who is going to help you?”

Nam has asked Lan who is going to help her.
Trường hợp 2:
Những câu nói về hành động, quy luật, chân lý,..... luôn đúng.
Ex1. He said, “The water boils at 100 degree celsius”

Ex2. People said, “ Nothing is more precious than freedom and independence”
People said that nothing is more precious than freedom and independence.
12


Nothing : không gì cả

Precious (a) quý giá

Freedom (n): Sự tự do
->free (a), free sb/N(v): tự do,rãnh rỗi (a), thả.../ phóng thích.
=> independence (n): sự đọc lập# dependence (n):Sự phụ thuộc
->independent (a) độc lập# dependent (a) phụ thuộc
Ex3. He said, “ The earth goes around the sun”

He said that the earth goes around the sun
Ex4. “The sun rises in the east” They said
They said that the sun rises in the east
Ex5. “The sun sets in the west” They said
They said the sun sets in the west
Trường hợp 3:
Nói về sự kiện mang tính lịch sử, hay hành động nào đó gắn với mộc thời gian cụ thể
(1890)
Ex1. He said, “The world war II took place in 1939 and ended in 1945”
=>He said that the world war II took place in 1939 and ended in 1945
Ex 2. She said, “ Columbus discovered America in 1492”
She said that Columbus discovered America in 1492
Ex3. He said, “ President HCM was born in NA , in1890”
. Jack asked me _____.
A. where do you come from?                                             B. where I came from  
C. where I came from      D. where did I come from?
2. She asked me _____ I liked pop music.
 A.when                                    B.what                            C.if                             D.x
3. The doctor ____ him to take more exercis
 A.told                             B.tell                                           C. have told                  D. are
telling
4. I wanted to know_____ return home.
13

A. when would she         B. when will she                     C. when she will              D. when
she would
5. Claire told me that her father____ a race horse.
A. owns        B. owned                     C. owning            D. A and B
6. What did that man say ______?
A. at you       B. for you              C. to you                  D. you
7. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it _______ raining there.
A. is       B. were       C. has been            D. was
8. The builders have ______ that everything will be ready on time.
A. promised      B. promise               C. promises                D. promising
9. The doctor _______ him to take more exercise.
A. told          B. tell                C. have told            D. are telling
10. The last time I saw Linda, she looked very relaxed. She explained she'd been on
holiday the ______ week.
A. ago       B. following             C. next               D. previous
11.  Yesterday, Laura ______ him to put some shelves up.
A. asked          B. is asking              C. ask               D. was asked
12. Tom has ______ this story wasn't completely true.
A. admitting that        B. was admitted that            C. admitted that                 D. admit that
13. When I rang Tessa some time last week, she said she was busy ______ day.
A. that            B. the             C. then                 D. this
14. I wonder _____ the tickets are on sale yet.
A. what           B. when            C. where             D. whether
15. Mathew _____ Emma that her train was about to leave.
A.  has reminded        B. has reminded that           C. reminded             D. reminded that
16. Hello, Jim. I didn't expect to see you today. Sophie said you _____ ill.
A. are         B. were             C. was               D. should be
17. Ann ______ and left.
A.  said goodbye to me  B. says goodbye to me        C. tell me goodbye      D. told me
goodbye
18. I told you ______ switch off the computer, didn't I ?
A. don't            B. not            C. not to              D. to not
19. Bill was slow, so I ________ hurry up.
A. tell him          B. told him for               C. told to       D. told him to
20. Sarah was driving to fast, so I ______ to slow down.
A. asked her          B. asked                C. ask           D.have asked her
21. Someone ______ me there's been an accident on the motorway.
A. asked                B. said                    C. spoke                      D. told
22. Sue was very pessimistic about the situation. I advised her _____.
A. no worry          B. not worry         C. no to worry                      D. not to worry
23. I couldn't move the piano alone, so I asked Tom_______.
A. giving a hand          B. gave a hand           C. to give a hand      D. give a hand
24. Tom said that New York _______ more lively than London.
14

A. is          B. be               C. was              D. were
25. When he was at Oliver's flat yesterday, Martin asked if he ______ use the phone.
A. can      B. could                   C. may               D. must
Chuyển những câu dưới đây sang câu gián tiếp.
1. “Open the door,” he said to them.
- He told them...................................................................
2. “Where are you going?” he asked her.
- He asked her where.........................................................
3. “Which way did they go?” he asked.
- He asked... ......................................................................
5. “Don't try to open it now,” she said to us.
- She told... ........................................................................
6. “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her.
- I asked her... ....................................................................
7. “He's not at home”, she said.
- She said that... .................................................................
8. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.
- The girl wanted to know... ..............................................
9. “Don't stay out late, Ann” Tom said.
- Tom told Ann... ...............................................................
11. “Jean, have you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked.
- Thomas asked Jean.....
12. Don't leave the window open, Mary”, I said.
- I told Mary.... ...................................................................
13. “I'll have a cup of tea with you,” she said.
- She said that...
14. “I'll pay him if I can” she said.
- She said that... ...................................................................
15. “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked.
- She asked us.... ...................................................................
16. “I'll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack.
- He told Jack that.... .............................................................
17. “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked.
- Tom asked Jean.... ..............................................................
18. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said.
- He said that.... ...................................................................
19. “Don't keep the door locked,” he said to us.
- He told us.... ...................................................................
20. “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him.
- I asked him how long....
21. “Are you going by train?” she asked me.
- She wanted to know.... ..................................................
15

22. “Don't use too much hot water,” she said to us.
- She asked us.... ..............................................................
23. “Will you come to my party?” she said to me.
- She invited me.... ............................................................
24. “Don't do it again,” she said to them.
- She told them..................................................................
25. “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked.
- She asked.......................................................................
26. “Don't get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said.
- She told..........................................................................
27. “What do you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked.
- Mary asked.......................................................................
28. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter.
- Peter asked if .......................................................................

16