TENSE

Tense(thì)
1.Present
simple
( hiện tại
đơn)

Active( chủ động)
To be: Am/is/are
K Đ: S+V1/V(s,es)
P Đ: S+ Do/Does(not)+ V1
NV: Do/Does+ S+ V1…?
Thêm es khi ch, sh, s, o, x, z.

Passive (bị động)
Am/is/are+ V3-ed

2.The
present
continous
(hiện tại
tiếp diễn)
3.Present
perfect
( hiện tại
hoàn thành)

K Đ: S+ am/is/are+ Ving
P Đ: S+ am/is/are(not)+ Ving
NV: Am/is/are+ S+ Ving…?

Am /is/are+being+
V3-ed

K Đ: S+ have/has+ V3-ed
P Đ: S+ have/has(not)+ V3-ed
NV: Have/has+ S+ V3-ed…?

Have/
has+been+V3-ed

4.Past
perfect (quá
khứ hoàn
thành)
5.Past
simple (quá
khứ đơn)

K Đ: S+ had+ V3-ed
P Đ: S+ had(not)+ V3-ed
NV: Had+ S+ V3-ed…?

Had+been+ V3-ed

To be: Was/were
KĐ: S+ V2-ed
PĐ: S+ Did(not)+ V1
NV: Did+ S+ V1…?
K Đ: S+ was/were+ Ving
P Đ: S+ was/were(not)+ Ving
NV: Was/were+ S+ Ving…?

Was/were+V3-ed

6.Past
continous
(quá khứ
tiếp diễn)
7.Future
simple
(tương lai
đơn)
8. Near
future
(tương lai
gần)
9. Khiếm
khuyết

KĐ : S+ will/shall+ V1
PĐ: S+ will/shall(not)+ V1
NV: Will/shall+ S+ V1…?
K Đ: S+ am/is/are+ going to+ V1
P Đ: S+ am/is/are(not)+ going to+
V1
NV: Am/is/are+ S+ going to
+V1…?
Can, may, might, must, should,
could, ought to, have/has to, had
to, …+ V1

Was/
were+being+V3-ed

Will+be+V3-ed

Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Often, usually,
frequently,
normally,regularly,
always, constantly,
rarely, seldom, every,
never, sometimes,once
a week, twice a
month, occasionally…
Now, at present, at/for
the moment, right
now,at this time,
Look!, Listen!, Be
careful!, Be quiet!...
Just, recently, lately,
ever, never, already,
not…yet, since , for,
so far, until now, up to
now, up to the
present,the first time,
the second
time,several….
Before, after, by the
time, up to then
Yesterday, last, ago,
năm trong quá khứ
At … o'clock
yesterday, all day
yesterday, at this time
yesterday, at this time
last night
Next, tomorrow, soon,
thời điểm ở tương lai

Am/is/are+going to -một dự đoán
be+V3-ed
-một sự việc chưa có
kế hoạch cụ thể
Can, may, might,
must, should, could,
ought to, have/has
to, had to, …+be+
V3-ed

Person
(ngôi)
1
2
3

Subject
( chủ từ)
I
We
You
You
She
He
It
They

Object
( túc từ)
Me
Us
You
You
Her
Him
It
Them

*** Câu bị động KHONG “by” khi chủ từ là:
+ I, He, She, It, They, You ,We
+ People
+ Someone, somebody, something
+ Noone, nobody, nothing => bỏ nhưng giữ “not”
+ Everyone, everybody, everything

Possessive adjective
(tt sở hữu)
My
Our
Your
Your
Her
His
Its
Their