REPORTED SPEECH

MODULE

11

LÝ THUYẾT

I.

Một số quy tắc cần nhớ
Khi muốn chuyển 1 câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta cần áp dụng những quy tắc sau:
1. Thay đổi thì của động từ
Câu trực tiếp
Câu gián tiếp
Hiện tại đơn
Am/ is/ are ….
V/ Vs/Ves
Don't/ doesn't + V
Do/ does …..V ?







Hiện tại tiếp diễn
Am/ is/ are (not) + V-ing

Quá khứ đơn
Was/ were
Ved/ V2
Didn't + V
Ved/ V2

 Quá khứ tiếp diễn
 Was/ were + (not) + V-ing

Hiện tại hoàn thành
Have/ has + (not) + Ved/ V3

 Quá khứ hoàn thành
 Had + Ved/ V3

Quá khứ đơn
Was/ were (not)
Ved/ V2
Didn't + V
Did …. V ?







Tương lai đơn: will/ shall

 Tương lai trong quá khứ: would/ should

Tương lai gần: be going to

 Was/ were going to

Can

 Could

May

 Might

Must

 Had to

Have to / has to

 Had to

Quá khứ hoàn thành
Had (not) been
Had + Ved/ V3
Hadn't + Ved/ V3
Had + Ved/ V3

2. Thay đổi các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Câu trực tiếp
Câu gián tiếp
Ago

 Before

Yesterday

 The day before/ The previous day

Last week/
month…

 The week/ month...before/ The previous week/
month…

Now

 Then

Today

 That day

Tomorrow

 The next day/ The following day

Next week/ next
month…

 The next week/ month…/ The following week/
month…

This

 That

These

 Those

Here

 There

3. Đổi ngôi của đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ và đại từ sở hữu

+ I => đổi theo chủ ngữ của ĐTTT (S1) (S1 + said../ told/ asked/ …
+ We => đổi thành “they”
* Bảng chuyển đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ tân ngữ, tính từ và đại từ sở hữu, đại từ phản

thân ngôi 1
Trực tiếp

Ngôi 1 số ít

I

me

my

mine

myself

Gián tiếp (S1)

He

he

him

his

his

himelf

She

she

her

her

hers

herself

Trực tiếp

Ngôi 1 số
nhiều

we

us

our

ours

ourselves

Gián tiếp
(S1)

They

they

them

their

theirs

themlves

+ You => đổi theo tân ngữ của ĐTTT (O1) (S1 + said to/ told/ asked + O1
* Bảng chuyển đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ và đại từ sở hữu, đại từ phản thân
ngôi 2
Trực tiếp

Ngôi 2

you

you

your

yours

yourself

Gián tiếp
(O1)

me

I

me

my

mine

myself

us

we

us

our

ours

ourselves

him

he

him

his

his

himelf

her

she

her

her

hers

herself

them

they

them

their

theirs

themlves

+ Các ngôi khác => giữ nguyên

II. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
1. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/ tường thuật:
said
S + said (to sb)
+ that +
told (sb)

S + V + ..
(V-lùi thì)

Eg1: “I'm going to visit Japan next month”, she said.
→ She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
Ex2: “He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me.
→ Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
Lưu ý: Một số trường hợp đặc biệt không thay đổi thì sau “that”:
 Khi động từ phát biểu ở thì hiện tại đơn
Eg: Michael says: “I am a doctor.”
→ Michael says (that) he is a doctor.
 Nếu câu trực tiếp diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên, sự thật, chân lí ( không thay đổi v ề thì)
Eg: Teacher said: “Water boils at 100 degree.”
→ Teacher said water boils at 100 degree.
2. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
a. Câu hỏi Yes/ No question
asked
S

+

wondered

+

sb

+

if
whether

S + V +…..
(V-lùi thì)

+

wanted to know
Eg1: “Do you love English?”, the teacher asked.
→ The teacher asked me if/ whether I loved English.
Ex2: “Have you done your homework yet?”, they asked.
→ They asked me if/ whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “or not” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng
“whether”
Ex: “Does she like roses or not?”, he wondered.
→ He wondered whether she liked roses or not.
b. Câu hỏi Wh-questions
asked
S

+

wondered

+

s
b

Wh/ H + S + V ….
(V-lùi thì)

+

wanted to know
Eg: “Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she.
→ She asked Nam where he lived.

c. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng mệnh lệnh (V-inf/ Don't + V-inf, please)

S

+

asked/ told/ ordered/

advised/ wanted/ warned

+

sb

+

Eg1: “Open the book page 117, please”, the teacher said.
→ The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
Eg2: “Don't touch that dog”, he said.
→ He asked me not to touch that dog.

(not) to V-inf

3.

Các trường hợp khác:
a. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa đề nghị làm gì cho ai ta sử dụng cấu trúc:
S + offered +
to V-inf

Ex: He said “Shall I make you a cup of coffee?”
→ He offered to make me a cup of coffee.
b. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa khuyên bảo ta sử dụng cấu trúc sau:
S + advised + sb + to V-inf
Ex: He said to me “You should go to bed early”.
→ He advised me to go to bed early.
c. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa mời mọc ta sử dụng cấu trúc sau:
S + invited + sb + to V-inf
Ex: My friend said to me: “Would you like to go to the zoo?”
→ My friend invited me to go to the zoo.
d. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa nhắc nhở ta sử dụng cấu trúc:
S + reminded + sb + to V-inf
Ex: My mother said "Don't forget to bring your umbrella."
→ My mother reminded me to bring my umbrella.
e. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa hứa với ai ta sử dụng cấu trúc:
S + promised + to V-inf
Ex: My son said “I will do homewwork tomorrow.”
→ My son promised to do homework the following day.
f. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa xin lỗi ta sử dụng cấu trúc:
apologize
S +
+
(to sb)
+
for
+ st/ V-ing
d
Ex1: She said "I'm sorry. I'm late."
→ She apologized for being late.
Ex2: My friend said "I'm sorry. I don't join your brithday, John."
→ My friend apologized to John for not joining his brithday.
g. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa buộc tội ai đó ta sử dụng cấu trúc:
S + accused + sb + of + st/ V-ing
Ex: The woman said to me “You stole my money."
→ The woman accused me of stealing her money.
h. Khi trong dấu ngoặc kép mang nghĩa gợi ý cho ai đó ta sử dụng cấu trúc:
S + suggested + st/ V-ing
Ex: He said “Why don't we go for a picnin.”
→ He suggested going for a picnic.
I.Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following questions.
1. The mother told her son ______ so impolitely.

A. not behaving

B. not to be have

C. did not behave

D. not behave

A. would

B. did

C. will

D. had

A. have studied

B. study

C. am studying

D. studied

2. She said she _________ collect it for me after work.
3. He asked me where I ______________.

4. The man wanted to avoid __________ on security cameras.

A. to see

B. being seen

C. seeing

D. to be seen

A. then

B. ago

C. before

D. later

5. Peter said that he had lived in London four years ________ .
6. John asked me _______________ in English.

A. what does this word mean
C. what did this word mean

B. what that word means
D. what that word meant

A. whether she liked
C. if she likes

B. that she liked
D. whether she like

7. The host asked her _______________ tea or coffee.

8. The visitor asked me where I _________ from.

A. come

B. coming

9. Ms. Nga wanted to know what time _________

C. to come

A. the movie began
C. does the movie begin

B. the movie begins
D. did the movie begin

A. is

C. will be

10. Mary said she _________ there the day before.

B. had been

11. Mai asked Quang _________.

D. came

D. would be

A. when he will come back
C. when he comes back

B. when he would come back
D. when he is coming back

A. please pick

C. should pick

12. She told me _________ her up at six o'clock.

B. to pick

13. Hung said that his girlfriend and he _________ married _________.

D. I can pick

A. were getting / tomorrow
C. were getting/ the next day

B. are getting / the next day
D. will get/ the day after

A. did you arrive
C. I had arrived

B. will you arrive
D. I will arrive

14. He asked me when _________ there.

15. Mr. David said _________ her the night before.

A. I didn't see

B. I hadn't seen

C. he didn't see

D. he hadn't seen

A. is going to be

B. was going to be

C. will be

D. can be

A. told me

B. told to me

C. said me

D. asked me

A. was playing

B. plays

C. is playing

D. has played

A. would stop

B. to stop

C. stop

D. stopped

16. Julia said that she _________ there at noon.

17. Tom _________ that his mother was in hospital

18. My friend asked me who _______________ the piano in the sitting room.
19. The teacher told his students _______________ laughing.
20. Mary asked me ________________.

A. whether I would watch the football match on TV the day before.
B. whether I watched the football match on TV the day before.
C. If I had watch the football match on TV the day before.
D. whether I had watched the football match on TV the day before.

21. He asked _______________ him some money.

A. her to lend

B. her lending

C. she has lent

D. she lends

A. had I gone

B. did I go

C. I had gone

D. was I going

22. Jennifer asked me where _______________ the week before.
23. Tom asked me ________.

A. if was I having a good time last year
C. if would I have a good time the year before
B. whether I had had a good time the year before
D. whether I have had a good time the year before

24. Do you know where _______?

A. he lives

B. did he live

C. does he live

D. he live

25. She asked me __________ the seat ___________ or not

A. If / had occupied
C. If / has been occupied

26. The policeman asked us ______________

B. Whether / was occupied
D. Whether / occupied

A. had any of us seen the accident happen
C. Whether any of us had seen the accident happen
B. If had any of us seen the accident happen
D. that if any of us had seen the accident happen

27. I asked him ___________, but he said nothing

A. what the matter was
C. the matter was what

B. what was the matter
D. what's the matter was

A. told me wake
C. said me to wake

B. asked me to wake
D. requested me waking

A. what time is it
C. what time it is

B. what is the time
D. it is what time

A. why did he not resign
C. why he not resign

B. why he did not resign
D. why didn't he resign

A. that why were his friends laughing
C. why his friends were laughing

B. why were his friends laughing
D. the reason why his friends laughing

A. previous

B. following

C. before

D. last

A. asks

B. wondered

C. wanted to know

D. asked

A. why

B. when

C. where

D. what

28. James___________ him up when the bus reached the square

29. Excuse me. Could you tell me___________ ?

30. We wonder___________ from his office after that scandal

31. Jeff wanted to know ___________

32. Mr. Hawk told me that he would give me his answer the ___________ day
33. She ___________ him whether he liked the steak she cooked

34. His neighbors sometimes wondered ___________ he did for a living
35. Could you please tell me ___________?

A. It is how far to the nearest bus stop
C. how far to the nearest bus stop is it

B. how far is it to the nearest bus stop
D. how far it is to the nearest bus stop

A. that

C. if

36. Marigold wondered ___________ Kevin and Ruth would be at the party

B. whether

37. He asked me___________

D. B& C

A. How long I have studied English
C. How long I had study English

B. How long had I studied English
D. How long I had studied English

A. what

B. when

C. if

D. why

A. he is doing

B. he was doing

C. was he doing

D. she was doing

38. The passenger asked ___________ we landed
39. She asked Nam what ___________ in that room.
40. “I didn't take your calculator”, Bob said to Mary .

A. Bob told Mary he hadn't taken her calculator
B. Bob told Mary I didn't take your calculator
C. Bob told Mary he haven't taken her calculator
D. Bob told Mary he had taken her calculator

41. “I'll tell you about this tomorrow, Mary.” said Tom.

A. Tom said to Mary that he will tell her about that the next day.
B. Tom told Mary that I would tell you about that the next day.
C. Tom told Mary that he would tell her about that the next day.
D. Tom told Mary that she would tell him about that the next day.

42. “I have something to tell you” Mary said to John.

A. Mary told John I had something to tell him.

B. Mary told John she had something to tell him.
C. Mary told John she had had something to tell him.
D. Mary told John he had had something to tell her.

43. He said, “My wife has just bought a diamond ring.”

A. He said that his wife had just bought a diamond ring.
B. He said that my wife had just bought a diamond ring.
C. He said that his wife has just bought a diamond ring.
D. he said that his wife just bought a diamond ring.

44. “I will come with you as soon as I am ready”, she said to Philip.

A. She said to Philip he will come to see you as soon as he I am ready.
B. She told Philip she will come to see her as soon as she was ready.
C. She told Philip she would come to see you as soon as she was ready.
D. She told Philip she would come to see him as soon as she was ready.

45. “I wrote to him yesterday”

A. She said to me I wrote to him the day before.
B. She told me she wrote to him yesterday.
C. She told me she had written to him yesterday.
D. She told me she had written to him the day before.

46. “He is talking to your sister”, She said to me.

A. She told me he was talking to your sister.
B. She told me she was talking to my sister.
C. She told me he was talking to my sister.
D. She told me he was talking to her sister.

47. “It is the time to check what you have done”, the father said to the boys.

A. The father said to the boys it was time to check what they had done.
B. The father told the boys it was time to check what they had done.
C. The father told the boys it was time to check what they have done.
D. The father told the boys it is time to check what they had done.

48. “You will like my sister when you meet her”

A. He told me you will like her sister when you meet her.
B. He told me I will like his sister when I met her.
C. He told me I would like his sister when I met her.
D. He told me I would be liked his sister when I met her.

49. “I didn't meet Susan last week”

A. He said he didn't meet Susan the week before.
B. He said he hasn't met Susan last week.
C. He said he hadn't met Susan last week.
D. He said he hadn't met Susan the week before.

50. “I didn't break your watch”

A. The boy told the girl he hadn't broken her watch.
B. The boy told the girl he didn't break her watch.
C. The boy asked the girl he hadn't broken her watch.
D. The boy told the girl he hadn't broken your watch.

II.Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.
1. “What will you do tomorrow?” Hoa asked Nhi
- Hoa asked Nhi …………………………………………………
2. "Where are you going?" he asked her.
- He asked her where.........................................................
3. "Which way did they go?" he asked.
- He asked... ......................................................................
4. "Do you like my room", I said to her.
- I asked her ... ............................................................................

5. "Are you cleaning your room at the moment, Nam?” asked Mr Tung.
- Mr Tùng asked ........................................................................
6. "Is it going to be a fine day today?" I asked her.
- I asked her... ....................................................................
7. "Are there any chairs in your room, Mai", she said.
- She asked Mai... .................................................................
8. "Is the bus station far away?" the girl asked.
- The girl wanted to know... ..............................................
9. "Can you help me repair my bike, Ann" Tom said.
- Tom asked Ann... ...............................................................
10. 'Where is the post office?'
⇒ He asked me ________________________________.
11. 'Are you going to the beach today?'
⇒ She asked me_________________________________ .
12. 'Where were you last night?'
⇒ He asked me ____________________________ night.
13. 'Have you been here all this time?'
⇒ She asked him if _______________________________. 
14. "Can I sit beside you, Jean?" Tom asked.
- Tom asked Jean.... ..............................................................
15. "What are you going to do next summer?" she asked.
- She asked us.... ...................................................................
20. "How long are you going to stay?" I asked him.
- I asked him how long....
21. "Are you going by train?" she asked me.
- She wanted to know.... ..................................................
23. "Will you come to my party?" she said to me.
- She invited me.... ............................................................
26. " Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?" she asked.
- She asked.......................................................................
27. "What do you want for lunch today, Peter?" Mary asked.
- Mary asked.......................................................................
28. "Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?" asked Peter.
- Peter asked if .......................................................................
29. "Why didn't I get a computer before?" thought the office manager.
- The office manager wondered............................................................
33. "When was your little boy born?" said the nurse to Mrs. Bingley.
- The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley...............................................................
35. "Will I find a job?", Tim said to himself.
- Tim wondered.......................................................................................
37. "When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?" Martha asked.
- Martha asked Peter when.....................................................................
38. "Can I have a new bicycle?" said Anna to her mother.
- Anna asked............................................................................................
43. "Have you had enough for lunch?" the landlady asked us.
- The landlady asked................................................................................
46. "Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?"
- I asked..................................................................................................
48. "Do not write on the wall," said the teacher to the boys.

- The teacher told the boys.......................................................
49. "How many jobs have you had since 2000?" the interviewer asked Mr. Simpson.
- The interviewer asked ...........................................................................
50. "Why didn't you report the incident to the police?" the officer asked the frightened witness.
- The officer wanted to know...................................................................