PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN)
I. Cách dùng
Cách dùng
1. Dùng để diễn tả thói quen hoặc những
việc thường xuyên xảy ra ở hiện tại.
2. Dùng để diễn tả những sự vật, sự việc
xảy ra mang tính chất quy luật.
3. Dùng để diễn tả các sự thật hiển
nhiên, một chân lý, các phong tục tập
quán, các hiện tượng tự nhiên.
4. Dùng để diễn tả lịch trình cố định của
tàu, xe, máy bay,…
II. Dạng thức của thì hiện tại đơn.

Ví dụ
We go to school everyday
(Tôi đi học mỗi ngày)
This festival occurs every 4 years.
(Lễ hội này diễn ra 4 năm một lần)
The earth moves around the Sun
(trái đất xoay quanh mặt trời)
The train leaves at 8 am tomorrow
(Tàu khởi hành lúc 8 giờ sáng mai.)

1. Với động từ “to be” ( am/is/are)

Tobe + S + N/ Adj?

(not)

Thể nghi vấn

Am

I

Is

He/She/It/ danh từ
số it/ danh từ
không đếm được

Câu trả lời
Yes,
No,
Yes,
+ Danh từ/
tính từ
No,

I am
I am not
He/She/It/ danh
từ số it/ danh từ
không đếm được
He/She/It/ danh
từ số it/ danh từ
không đếm được

Yes, S tobe
No, S tobe not

Is
Is not
(isn't)

Are

You/ we/ they/
Danh
từ số nhiều

Yes,
No,

Ví dụ:
N
S
Am I in team A? (Mình ở đội A có phải không?)
→Yes, you are / No, you aren't
N
Is she a nurse? (cô ấy có phải là y tá không?)
→Yes, she is/ No, she isn't
Adj
Are they friendly? (Họ có thân thiện không?)

You/ we/ they/
Danh
từ số nhiều
You/ we/ they/
Danh
từ số nhiều

are
Are not
(aren't)

tobe

→Yes, they are/ No, they aren't

are you a student?
Yes, I am
No, I am not

Lưu ý: Khi chủ ngữ trong câu hỏi là “you” (bạn) thì câu trả lời phải dùng “I” (tôi)
2. Với động từ thường “Verb/ V

run, dance, eat, play, sing, study, ......

a. Thể khẳng định
Chủ ngữ
I/ You/ we/ they/ danh từ số
nhiều Lan and An

Dạng động từ
+ V nguyên thể

Ví dụ
I often go to school on foot.
(Tôi thường đi bộ đến trường.)

+ V(s/es)

- She does yoga every evening.
(Cô ấy tập yoga mỗi tối.)
- The Sun sets in the West. (Mặt
trời lặn ở hướng Tây.)

The dog and cat

He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số ít/
Danh từ không đếm được
runs
watches

Động từ mà kết thúc là o, s, z, ch, x, sh + es
do- does
fix- fixes

b. Thể phủ định

(not V)

Chủ ngữ
I/ You/ we/ they/ danh từ
số nhiều
He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số ít/
Danh từ không đếm được

doesn't go
doesn't play

(not play, run)
Dạng động từ
+ do not +
V(nguyên thể)
(do not = don't)
+ does not + V
nguyên thể
(does not =
doesn't)

don't / doesn't
Ví dụ
- I do not (don't) often go to
school on foot. (Tôi không
thường đi bộ đến trường.)
- She does not (doesn't) do
yoga every evening. (Cô ấy
không tập yoga mỗi tối.)

- The Sun does not (doesn't) set
in the South. (Mặt trời không
lặn ở hướng Nam.)
Đối với Câu phủ định, phần động từ thường, rất hay mắc phải lỗi thêm “s” hoặc “es” đằng
sau động từ. Các bạn chú ý:
Chủ ngữ + don't/ doesn't + V (nguyên thể - không chia)
Ví dụ:Câu sai: She doesn't likes chocolate. (Sai vì đã có “doesn't” mà động từ “like” vẫn có
đuôi “s”)
=> Câu đúng: She doesn't like chocolate.
c. Câu nghi vấn
Q: Do + S (I, you, we, they, số nhiều) + V? Do you often go to the cinema? (Bạn
có thường đi xem phim vào cuối tuần
A: - Yes, S + do/ No, S + don't
không?)
-> Yes, I do / No, I don't
Q: Does + S (He, she, it, số ít) + V?
A: - Yes, S + does/ No, S + doesn't

Does he play soccer in the afternoon?
(Có phải anh ấy chơi bóng đá vào
cuối buổi chiều không?)
-> Yes, he does / No, he doesn't

* Wh-questions.
Khi đặt câu hỏi có chứa Wh-word (từ để hỏi) như: Who, When, Where, Why, Which,
How ta đặt chúng lên đầu câu. Tuy nhiên, khi trả lời cho dạng câu hỏi này, ta không dùng
Yes/No mà cần đưa ra câu trả lời trực tiếp.
Cấu trúc:

III. Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Trong câu ở thì hiện tại đơn thường có sự xuất hiện của các trạng từ chỉ tần suất và
chúng được chia thành 2 nhóm:
➢ Nhóm trạng từ đứng ở trong câu:
- Always (luôn luôn), usually (thường thường), often (thường), sometimes (thỉnh
thoảng), rarely (hiếm khi), seldom (hiếm khi), frequently (thường xuyên), hardly
(hiếm khi), never (không bao giờ), regularly (thường xuyên)…
- Các trạng từ này thường đứng trước động từ thường, sau động từ “to be” và trợ động
Adv + V
sometimes play football
từ.
tobe + Adv
is always lazy
Ví dụ:
don't/doesn't
- He rarely goes to school
by bus. (Anh+taAdv
hiếm khi đi học don't/doesn't
bằng xe buýt) usually play
- She is usually at home in the evening (Cô ấy thường ở nhà vào buổi tối)
- I don't often go out with my friends (Tôi không thường đi ra ngoài với bạn bè)
➢ Nhóm trạng ngữ đứng cuối câu:
- Everyday/week/month/ year (hàng ngày/hàng tháng/hàng tuần/hàng năm)
- Once (một lần), twice (hai lần), three times (ba lần), four times (bốn lần)…
* Lưu ý: từ ba lần trở lên ta sử dụng: số đếm + times
Ví dụ:
- He phones home every week (Anh ấy điện thoại về nhà mỗi tuần)
- They go on holiday to the seaside once a year (Họ đi nghỉ hè ở bãi biển mỗi năm một lần)
IV. Cách thêm s/es vào sau động từ
Trong câu ở thì hiện tại đơn, nếu chủ ngữ là ngôi thứ ba số ít (she,he,it,danh từ số ít) thì
động từ phải thêm đuôi s/es. Dưới đây là các quy tắc khi chia động từ.

o s z ch x sh

(not V) : don't + V
doesn't + V

(not go) don't go/ doesn't go
I you we they + don't V
He/ she/ it + doesn't V

(be) : am/is/are
(V) : V nguyên
Vs-es

V. BÀI TẬP LUYỆN TẬP

Exercise 1: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

reads
1. He (read) ____________
books every evening.

I/ you/ we/ they + V nguyên
He/she/it + Vs/es

don't have breakfast at 8 AM.
2. We (not have) ____________
likes
3. She (like) ____________
dancing.

live
4. My parents (live) ____________
in the countryside.
you go
5. (You / go) Do
____________
to the gym every day?
cries
6. The baby (cry) ____________
at night.
7. They (not play) ____________
games on weekdays.
don't play

teaches
8. My teacher (teach) ____________
English.
he work in a factory?
9. (He / work) Does
____________

10.I (study) ____________
hard to pass the exam
study
Exercise 2: Write negative sentences

She doesn't work in a school
1. She works in a school. …………………………………………………………………
We don't enjoy
watching movies
2. We enjoy watching movies………………..
……………………………………………
He doesn't eat fast food every weekend.
3. He eats fast food every weekend.…………………………………………………
They don't play football after school
4. They play football after school.…………………………………………………………

I don't go to bed early
5. I go to bed early.……………………………………………………………………

6. The train arrives at 6 PM. …………………………………………………………….
The train doesn't arrive at 6PM.
She doesn't speak French fluently.
7. She speaks French fluently. …………………………………………………………..
They don't take the bus to work
8. They take the bus to work.…………………………………………………………..
He doesn't listen to music in the evening.
9. He listens to music in the evening. ………………………………………………
I don't write emails every day.
10.I write emails every day. …………………………………………………………….

11.They always go to the beach in the summer. ……………………………………………
They don't always go to the beach in the summer

She doesn't often visit her grandparents on
12.She often visits her grandparents on Sundays.Sundays
…………………………………………
We don't usually have breakfast at home
13.We usually have breakfast at home.……………………………………………………..
He doesn't sometimes play guitar at parties
14.He sometimes plays guitar at parties.………………………………………………..
I don't often read books before going to bed
15.I often read books before going to bed.…………………………………………………..

Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks (always, often, usually, sometimes, rarely, never)
1. He ____________
drinks coffee in the morning.
often
2. We ____________
sometimes go to the beach in summer.
3. She never
____________ eats spicy food. đồ ăn cay
4. They ____________
play soccer after school.
always

usually
5. I ____________
forget to do my homework.
6. He ____________
goes to the cinema on weekends.
never
7. My mom rarely
____________ makes delicious cakes.

delicious: ngon

often
8. We ____________
travel abroad during holidays. travel abroad: du lịch nước ngoài
always
9. She ____________
sings karaoke with her friends.
CN là số nhiều - ĐT không chia
never
10.I ____________
get up early on Sundays.
CN là số ít - ĐT thêm s/es
Exercise 4: Find and fix the mistakes.
don't - I you we they

doesn't - He she it

doesn't like
1. She don't like ice cream. ………………………………………………………………..
goes
2. He go to school by bike every day.………………………………………………..

do
3. They does their homework in the afternoon.………………………………………..
doesn't
4. My brother don't play football.…………………………………………………..
watches
5. She always watch TV after dinner.……………………………………………..
Do
6. Does you speak English fluently?……………………………………………..

lives
7. He live in a big house.……………………………………..……………………..

don't like

8. I doesn't like cold weather.………………………………………………..

doesn't sleep
9. The cat don't sleep on the sofa.………………………………………………………..
10. She walks to school everyday.…………………………………………..

doesn't go
11. She don't go to school on Saturdays. ……………………………………………..
goes
12. He go to the office every day.…………………………………………………..

don't like
13. We doesn't like spicy food.…………………………………………………..
Do
14. Does they live in a big house?…………………………………………………..

doesn't work
15. My father don't work on weekends.………………………………………………..

sleep
16. The cat sleepes on the chair every night.………………………………………..
watches
17. She watch TV every morning.…………………………………………..
doesn't finish
18. He don't finish his homework on time. ……………………………………………..

don't go
19. I doesn't go shopping with my friends.……………………………………………..

speak
20. They speaks English fluently.…………………………………………………..
Exercise 5: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. He (write) ___________
emails every morning.
writes
eat
2. We (not eat) don't
___________
lunch at 12 PM.
Do they study
3. (They / study) ___________ English on Saturdays?

(V)
(not V) - don't/doesn't + V

drink coffee.
4. She (not drink) doesn't
___________
likes
5. My dog (like) ___________
playing in the park.
you know his phone number?
6. (You / know)Do
___________

arrives
7. The train (arrive) ___________
at 8 o'clock every day.
doesn't enjoycooking.
8. My brother (not enjoy) ___________

9. She (walk) walks
___________ to school every morning.
Does he go to the market every Sunday?
10. (He / go) ___________

work
11. They (work) ___________
in a bank.

don't play
12. I (not play) ____________
the guitar.

13. She (study) studies
___________ very hard for her exams.
you read books in your free time?
14. (You / read) Do
___________
doesn't watchTV on weekdays.
15. He (not watch) ___________

16. My friends (visit) visit
___________ me every weekend.
rises
17. The sun (rise) ___________
in the east.
don't like
18. I (not like) ___________
cold weather.
I - You

Does she dance
19. (She / dance) ___________
beautifully? We - you
20. We (live)live
___________ in a small town.động từ trong câu hỏi, giữ nguyên không chia
Do/does + S + V ....?
Exercise 6: Write the questions

Does she work at a bank?
1. She works at a bank. ………………………………………………………………..

Do they live in a small apartment?
2. They live in a small apartment.…………………………………………………..
Does he drink coffee every morning?
3. He drinks coffee every morning.………………………………………………..
Do you enjoy swimming in the summer?
4. We enjoy swimming in the summer.…………………………………………………..
Does the shop open at 9 AM?
5. The shop opens at 9 AM.………………………………………………………………..

Do you watch TV after dinner?
6. You watch TV after dinner.…………………………………………………….
Does she teach English at a high school?

7. She teaches English at a high school.…………………………………………………
Do they often visit their friends on weekends?
8. They often visit their friends on weekends.…………………………………………

Does he play the piano very well?

9. He plays the piano very well.………………………………………………………………..
Does the train arrive on time?
10.The train arrives on time.………………………………………………………………..
Do you read newspaperss in the morning?
11.You read newspapers in the morning.………………………………………………..
Does she love classical music?
12.She loves classical music.………………………………………………………………..

Does he finish his work at 5PM?
13.He finishes his work at 5 PM.……………………………………………..
Do they stay at home on Sundays?

14.They stay at home on Sundays.………………………………………………..

Do you usually go to the library?
15.You usually go to the library.…………………………………………………..

Exercise 7: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
A. Anna's daily routine
up
Anna (1. wake up) wakes
___________
___ at 7 o'clock every morning. She (2. brush) _________
brushes
takes
eats
_____ her teeth and (3. take) __________
____ a shower. Then she (4. eat) _________
_____
drives
breakfast with her family. Her father (5. drive) ______________
her to school. Classes (6.
start
finish
start) ______________
at 8:30 AM and (7. finish) ______________
at 3:30 PM. After school,
plays
does
Anna (8. do) ______________
her homework and (9. play) ______________ the piano. In the
watches
evening, she (10. watch) ______________
TV with her parents before going to bed.
B.
teaches

is
Mary (1) _______
a teacher. She (2) _______ English. The children love her and they (3)
goes
has
_______ a lot from her. Mary (4) _______
home at 3.00 and (5) _______
lunch. Then she
learn
goes
sleeps for an hour. In the afternoon she (6) _______
swimming or she cleans her house.
visits
drinks tea with her. Every Sunday she does
Sometimes, she (7) _______
her aunt and (8) _______
the shopping with her friends.

Exercise 8: Reorder the correct sentences.
1. usually / the / she / at / weekend / studies / library / in / the.
She usually studies in the library at the weekend.
……………………………………………………………………………………………

2. parents / dinner / cook / my / always / at / night.
My parents always cook dinner at night.
……………………………………………………………………………………………

3. to / goes / he / how / school / does / every day?
How does he go to school every day?
……………………………………………………………………………………………

4. park / play / the / children / football / in / the / sometimes.
The children sometimes play football in the park?
……………………………………………………………………………………………

5. your / homework / when / do / you / finish?
When do you finish your homework?
……………………………………………………………………………………………

adv + Vthường
Vtobe + Adv

6. listen / music / she / to / rarely / classical.
She rarely listen to classical music.
……………………………………………………………………………………………

7. work / you / travel / do / how / to?
How do you travel to work?
……………………………………………………………………………………………

8. her / loves / mom / reading / books / before bed.
Her mom loves reading books before bed.
……………………………………………………………………………………………

9. my / friends / play / and / football / often / after school.I
My friends and I often play football after school.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
10.go / never / we / at / night / out.
We never go out at night.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 9: Choose the correct answer.
1. I don't stay/ doesn't stay at home.
2. We don't wash/ doesn't wash the family car.
3. Doris don't do/ doesn't do her homework.
4. They don't go/ doesn't go to bed at 8.30 p.m.
5. Kevin don't open/ doesn't open his workbook.
6. Our hamster don't eat/ doesn't eat apples.
7. You don't chat/ doesn't chat with your friends.
8. She don't use/ doesn't use a ruler.
9. Max, Frank and Steve don't skate/ doesn't skate in the yard.
10. The boy don't throw/ doesn't throw stones.
Exercise 10. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. The flight (start) _______
starts at 6 a.m every Thursday.
2. I like Math and she (like) likes
_______ Literature.

bake cookies twice a month.
3. I (bake) _______
writes to me every week.
4. My best friend (write) _______

care
5. Jane always (take care) takes
_______
of her sister.
has
6. My family (have) _______
a holiday in December every year.

swim twice a week.
7. Martha and Kevin (swim) _______
helps the kids of the neighborhood.
8. She (help) _______
tells us funny stories.
is
9. Mike (be) _______
humor. He always (tell) _______
10. Tiffany and Uma (be) are
_______ my friends.
Exercise 11. Give the correct form of the verb “to be”.

is
1. My dog _______
small.
2. She _______
a student.
is

are
3. We _______
ready to get a pet.

is
4. My life _______
so boring. I just watch TV every night.
am from Vietnam.
5. My husband _______
from California. I _______
is
aren't (not/ be) late.
6. We _______
7. Emma and Betty_______
are good friends.
8. _______
she a singer?
Is

is
9. His sister _______
seven years old.
10. Trixi and Susi _______
my cats.
are
Exercise 12: Complete the passage and answer the questions.
Peter's Hobbies
plays basketball every weekend with his friends. He also
Peter loves sports. He (1. play) _______
goes jogging every morning because it (3. help) _______
helps him stay fit. In the
(2. go) _______
evening, he (4. watch) watches
_______ sports on TV. His favorite sport to watch is football. Peter (5.
not like) _______ reading books, but he (6. enjoy) _______ reading sports magazines.

doesn't like

enjoys

Questions
1. What does Peter do every weekend?

He plays basketball every weekend with his friends
…………………………………………………………………………
2. Why does he go jogging?

Because it helps him stay fit
………………………………………..………………………………….
3. Does Peter like reading books?

No, he doesn't
…………………………………………………………………………..
4. What is his favorite sport to watch?

It is football
………………………………….……………………………………….
5. When does he watch TV?

In the evening, he watches TV
…………………………………..…………………………………………..