FRIENDS PLUS 9 AUDIO SCRIPTS

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Người gửi: Thẩm Tâm Vy
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Nguồn:
Người gửi: Thẩm Tâm Vy
Ngày gửi: 09h:18' 28-09-2024
Dung lượng: 176.7 KB
Số lượt tải: 49
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Student Book audio scripts
Starter unit
Page 8
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.03
Z = Zoe, G = Grandma
Z Hi, Grandma. Are you still watching that? Wow, you really
love golf, don't you?
G I do love golf, sweetheart, especially on this TV.
Z It's HD, Grandma. The picture's great, isn't it?
G HD?
Z Yes, you know, high definition.
G Ah! Yes, it's amazing. You know that TV didn't use to have
colour pictures. My first TV was black and white. And we
didn't have remote controls, you know.
Z How did you use to change the channel?!
G We used to stand up and walk to the TV! Just imagine.
Although there only used to be three channels. There wasn't
any satellite TV.
Z Wow! And I know you like using Skype. I guess that didn't
exist when you were younger, did it?
G Oh no, no. But I think video calling is wonderful.
Z We're very lucky now, aren't we? I imagine that life used to
be more difficult without all this technology.
G Not really. Just different. … We didn't have GPS, for
example, so we used to use real maps more, and most
people your age can't do that now!
Z Do you think people used to have more skills?
G No, I mean we had different skills. Like reading maps, and
doing maths in our heads because we didn't use calculators.
And you've got things like spellcheckers now, and there are
apps for everything. People don't need to think so much
now, do they?
Z Well, we still have some skills. I can make coffee you know.
There isn't an app for that. Would you like one?
G I'd love a cup of coffee. Thanks, Zoe.
Z No problem.
Unit 1
Page 11
Exercise 3 e 1.04
O = Olivia, T = Tegan, D = Daniel, R = Rob, S = Sam,
K = Kaitlin
1
O What can you remember about your last birthday?
T Ooh. Let me think. Actually, I'm not sure if I can remember
anything.
O Really? Why not?
T Well maybe I didn't do anything. I honestly can't
remember! What about you?
O I can remember mine. I had a great time!
T Nice! What did you do?
O I went out for pizza with my friends. You were there,
Tegan! Remember?
T Oh yes.
2
D Do you keep souvenirs of places that you visit?
R Yes, I do. This is my favourite. I carry it everywhere with me.
D What is it?
R It's a shark tooth.
D Ooh cool! What's the story behind that?
R Well, believe it or not, it's from a massive shark which I
caught when I was fishing in Australia.
D You're kidding!
R Yes, I'm kidding. It's just plastic. I bought it in a shop when I
was on holiday.
3
S Do you frame photos to remind you of special events?
K Mm, not really, they're all on my phone, though.
S … You've got loads on here! … What's this one?!
K Oh no …
S Is this you?!
K Yes, that's me.
S What were you wearing?!
K It was supposed to be a carrot costume, for a school
assembly in Year 4.
S That's hilarious!
K OK, OK, I was only a kid!
Page 14
Exercise 3 e 1.07
A = Amy, E = Eric
A Hi, I'm Amy,
E and I'm Eric.
A And this is our second podcast about time capsules. Last
week we gave you some tips. This week we want to talk
about some real time capsules.
E Let's start with the Boston time capsule, because it's the
oldest and it's an interesting story.
Page 14
Exercise 4 e 1.08
A = Amy, E = Eric
A Hi, I'm Amy,
E and I'm Eric.
A and this is our second podcast about time capsules. Last
week we gave you some tips. This week we want to talk
about some real time capsules.
E Let's start with the Boston time capsule, because it's the
oldest and it's an interesting story.
A Yes, some builders came across this one in 2015. The
workers were repairing a historic building when they found a
metal box hidden inside the walls. Two men had left it there
over two hundred and twenty years ago.
E That's right. So some experts opened the box, VERY
carefully, because it contained fragile documents.
Also inside, there were some unusual coins, a medal, some
newspapers from 1795, and some really interesting historic
documents. All in amazingly good condition.
A Those coins will be pretty valuable now!
E Let's look at another one from the USA – but this one is a bit
bigger.
A Yes, it's enormous. It's in Georgia, and it's called the Crypt of
Civilisation. People call it the first modern time capsule.
E It's really a room – a waterproof room with a massive metal
door. The idea for it came from a university president in the
1930s. He wanted future civilisation to have information
about us. The opening date is the year 8113.
A That's a long, long time.
E It certainly is. They finished building the crypt in 1940.
The things in the room were ordinary objects in 1940, like
typewriters and radios. But looking at the pictures, some of
them look very old-fashioned now!
A I know, look at this toaster!
Page 16
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.09
Theo
Have I told you about the time I got my first bicycle? It was
the day of my tenth birthday. When I got home from school, I
saw a beautiful brand new bike in the living room. I remember
feeling really excited! I've got an older brother, you see, so I
always got his old bicycles when he was too big for them. It
was the same with clothes. I didn't have many things which
were fashionable or brand new.
Anyway, the first thing I did was to go outside and try out my
new bike. All my family came out into the street, and they were
watching me. The problem was, the bike was quite big, and it
wasn't easy to ride. And then, twenty metres down the road …
I fell off!
What a disaster! There I was, all dirty and crying, and my brand
new bike was damaged. I used to be quite a tough kid, but I
was upset and embarrassed. And that's it! All in all it wasn't a
great experience. Luckily, nobody took any photos!
Unit 2
Page 18
Exercise 3 e 1.10
N = Neil, J = Joelle, O = Olivia, T = Theo
N Joelle, how good are you at making decisions?
J I'm not sure. I mean, I can make decisions, but I prefer to
put things off, especially if it's something difficult, like making
arrangements with friends. I guess I'm someone who likes to
keep my options open.
N Olivia, are you a decisive person?
O Yes, definitely. I'm someone who sticks with my decisions.
For example, I'm pretty good at buying presents, because I
always know what I want to get before I go into the shop. I'm
quite an organised person, and I like to get on with things as
soon as I can, so I can tick them off my list!
N Theo, how good are you at making decisions?
T I'm pretty indecisive! For example, ordering food at a
restaurant … I can NEVER decide what I want! I'm no good
at shopping either. I go to every shop to see what they've
got, and then I can't make up my mind after seeing so many
different options. Making decisions just isn't something I
enjoy!
Page 22
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.12
TY = Transition Year coordinator, J = Joey, R = Rita,
M = Martin, L = Laura
1
TY How's Transition Year going for you, Joey?
J Good, so far, thanks. I've already had the chance to do a
few interesting things.
TY Yes? What have you enjoyed most so far?
J I'd say it was definitely the week at the outdoor activity
centre.
TY The outdoor activities. Yeah, they're good, aren't they?
J Really good. I think I gained a lot of confidence when I was
there. I was really nervous about things like kayaking, but in
the end I really got into it. We did a lot of activities in teams,
and that helped us get to know each other better and learn
to trust each other. I thought that was really good. We had a
real laugh with the teachers, too.
2
TY So, Rita. How's Transition Year going for you? Have you
done any work experience yet?
R Yes, I've done one of my weeks, and I've organised another
week in June.
TY Oh yes, that's right – you've just finished working at the
dentist's. How was that?
R Pretty good actually. I learned about all of the instruments
and helped with X-rays and mixing stuff. It was cool.
TY So, do you think you might study to be a dentist?
R I don't know. I haven't decided on my subjects for 5th year
yet.
TY Well, you can take your time and try out some of the
subjects before you decide.
R Yeah, I will.
3
TY Hi Martin, Laura. You're getting ready for your trip to India.
How are the preparations going?
M Good, thanks. We've already raised over a thousand Euros.
L We need about another thousand for the flights and stuff.
TY Great! When are you hoping to go out to India?
L February maybe.
M We still haven't got the exact dates.
TY You know, two boys in fifth year did that same project
last year. You should get in touch with them.
M We already have! We got together with them a few weeks
ago and they told us all about their experience.
L We'll be working with children like they did, hopefully.
TY Great. And have you made any decisions about next
year?
M No, I haven't decided anything.
TY And you, Laura?
L Yes. I decided my subjects a long time ago. And in the
future, I might get involved with charity work. I've really
enjoyed that.
Page 24
Exercises 1 and 2 e 1.13
L = Liam, R = Rosa
L Hey, Rosa. What are you up to?
R Oh, I'm still trying to choose my last two subjects for fifth
year.
L Seriously? Haven't you done that yet? There's not much
time left.
R I know. I've been thinking about it for ages, but I can't
make up my mind.
L OK. What are your options?
R Well, I've just chosen German, but I don't know whether to
do business or art. Which do you reckon is best?
L It's up to you, Rosa. They're totally different subjects.
R Yes, I know. I'm in two minds. The good thing about art
is that I know I enjoy it, but then business is probably more
useful. So, I'm sort of leaning towards business.
L Have you thought of speaking to Mr Bartley about this? He
gave me some really good advice.
R Good idea! Thanks, Liam.
L No problem.
Page 24
Exercises 4 and 5 e 1.15
V = Victoria, M = Michael
V Michael, have you decided which festival you want to go
to yet?
M Mmm, I'm in two minds. I think we should go to
Longitude or The Electric Picnic. But I can't decide between
the two!
V We can't put it off any longer; we need to get tickets. And
we don't have enough money to go to both.
M I know. Which do you reckon is best?
V Right, well, The Electric Picnic's for older people, I reckon,
and it's massive – almost too big. I like the idea of Longitude
'cos it's more alternative.
M That's true, but then it always rains at Longitude. And the
good thing about The Electric Picnic is that it's much nearer.
V Hmm, I suppose so. But you know that my friend Lily is
driving to Longitude and she's got two spaces in her car.
Have you considered that?
M Lily is going to Longitude? Seriously? Right, that's it. I've
made up my mind. If it's good enough for Lily, it's good
enough for me.
V Oh good. I'm glad we've sorted that out.
Progress review 1
Page 26
Exercise 4 e 1.16
D = Diane, M = Mike
D After the latest information on the sale of one of Europe's
largest car makers, we now move to a sale of a different type.
And it's over to our north of England correspondent, Mike
Carter. Hello Mike.
M Good morning, Diane. I'm standing outside the auction
house here on Teesside. There are a lot of people leaving the
place after the sale of an important collection.
D When you say 'collection' people usually think about a
collection of valuable paintings or rare books, but that's not
the case today, is it?
M No. Today we saw the sale of a big collection of toys –
these were mostly rare Action Man toys.
D Who did they belong to?
M Well, they belonged to an 88-year-old man called Doug
Carpenter. In the 1970s and 1980s he had worked for a
popular toy company called Palitoy. While he was working
for the company he kept some of the products – he was
allowed to.
D So why was his collection so special?
M Well, all the toys were unused and they had been kept
safely in their boxes in a room at the top of his house. Both
the toys and the boxes were completely undamaged and
some of the boxes, in particular, were very rare. A small
number of boxes were empty, but they were still valuable –
one box sold for £160.
D £160 for an empty box?
M But the most valuable thing today was a set of Action Man
sports clothes. Someone paid £6,480 for the set – it was a
rare judo outfit. It was unused and in a special box.
D Wow, £6,480 for Action Man clothes. Perhaps, it isn't
always a good idea to throw away your old or useless things.
Thank you, Mike.
Page 28
Exercise 11 e 1.17
T= Teacher, V = Victoria, M = Mark, E = Ellie
1
T Hi Victoria! How have you found your first afternoon here
at the school?
V Well, I was very nervous at first, because I haven't helped
in a school before and I've never got involved with working
with children. So I found the first hour a bit difficult.
T I see.
V But when I got the chance to read some stories to a group
of children – I really got into it!
T Fantastic!
V I haven't completely got used to reading stories like a
teacher – but I enjoyed it a lot! I can't wait for next week.
2
T Hello, Mark. How has the afternoon been for you?
M I've found it all really interesting here at the school. It's
been great so far.
T That's good. What's been the best thing?
M Well – in the break time, I got together with Dan – he's
doing community work here too, and we organised a
football match with the children in the playground.
T That sounds fun. Did you get to know Dan here?
M No, he's a friend from my secondary school.
3
T Hi, Ellie. Have you enjoyed your first visit here?
E Yes, I've really enjoyed helping the children – except for
the painting activity!
T Oh, why was that?
E Well, the school told me that I needed to do painting with
the children. So I got ready for it – I'm wearing old clothes.
T Good idea!
E Well … the children really got into it! And they put paint
everywhere – all over me!
T Oh no!
E But it was a good afternoon overall.
Unit 3
Page 31
Exercise 4 e 1.18
N = Neil, S = Sam, T = Tegan, D = Daniel
1
N Sam, what do you spend your money on?
S I haven't got loads of money. I spend it mostly on going
out, I suppose. When I go out with friends, we might get a
pizza or something in town. It's not worth spending a lot of
money on clothes. If I get any money for my birthday, then
I'll put it in the bank because I'm saving for a car. If money
was no object, I'd get a nice red Ferrari, but that isn't going to
happen.
2
N Tegan, do you like shopping?
T Yeah, I actually do like shopping, and if you look around,
you can get some bargains in town. My one luxury is this
pair of sunglasses. I spent quite a bit of money on them,
so I hope they last me a while! This brand is really 'in' at the
moment. Apart from clothes, I get make-up. I don't take any
notice of advertisements for make-up, though, they're all the
same.
3
N Daniel, what do you spend your money on?
D There's a big shopping centre near where I live, but most
of the shops only sell expensive brands, so I can't afford
anything there. I spend most of my money on games stuff
– there is one shop in town where you can rent games, and
they also buy and sell used games. The prices of new games
are a bit of a rip-off. I can usually get things cheaper online.
Page 34
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.21
Hello, and welcome to our tour. Shopping will be different in
the future …
Let's start here, on the street. One day soon you'll be walking
along window shopping. The cameras in the shops will be
watching you. The camera software will recognise how old
you are, if you're a man or a woman, and what style of clothes
you are wearing. Then the advertisements in the window will
change. The advertisements will be specially for you. Ah, so
you want to go in … of course.
Welcome to the store. No, there aren't any shop assistants.
Only robots which fill the shelves and take your shopping to
the checkouts.
Stand in front of this screen and we'll scan your body. Good.
Now we know what size you are. No, there aren't any changing
rooms. Look at the screen – yes, you can see yourself in different
clothes. Touch the screen to change the colour or size of the
clothes. You won't need to try things on. Oh, good, you're going
to buy a coat. Press this button. Your shopping will be at the
checkout when you leave.
Are you buying a gift for a friend? Why not send it by
drone? Drones operate in towns and cities. It's quick and
convenient. Order a pair of shoes online now, and your
friend will be wearing them in less than an hour.
You're leaving. You won't need any cards or cash. Just
connect to the Wi-Fi on your phone to pay the robot. Thank
you, and goodbye. We'll send you messages when there are
special offers.
Now, time to go home. Your train leaves in ten minutes. Ah,
you're cooking for friends tonight … but you haven't got
any food? No problem. There's a virtual store outside. Scan
the bar codes of the food and we'll deliver it before you get
home.
What's that? You're impressed with the technology of the
future. Well, you won't be waiting for it long, I promise. Why?
Because it already exists. See you at the shops …
Page 36
Exercises 1 and 3 e 1.22
Hi. I'm Joelle, and today I'd like to talk to you about my
favourite product: the book. I think you're really going to like
it.
Let me start by showing you some great features of the
book.
First of all, it's light and portable. As you can see, I can carry
it easily with one hand. It's also quite tough. If you drop it, it
won't break. Some other products, in contrast, are a bit more
fragile.
Oh dear!
Another advantage is that books don't require any electricity
or a charger, so you can use them anywhere, unlike e-readers
and tablets, which can run out of battery.
It's also worth mentioning that books are very easy to share
with friends.
Finally, one big advantage of books is that they're cheap – or
even free! If you visit a place called a library, you can borrow
one for up to a month. Now that's what I call good value!
So there you have it – the book. I think you'll agree that it's a
great product. Get yours today!
Unit 4
Page 38
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.24
K = Kaitlin, J = Joelle, S = Sam, T = Theo, O = Olivia, R = Rob
1 Kaitlin and Joelle
K What kind of situations are stressful for you?
J Hmm …. What I find most stressful is being stuck in traffic.
I hate it when I'm sitting on the bus and it's not moving and I
just want to be at home.
K Really? I'm not that bothered by traffic. I just relax and read a
book.
J Oh, I couldn't do that. There's nothing relaxing about being
stuck in a traffic jam!
2 Sam and Theo
S What activities do you find most relaxing?
T I feel most relaxed when I'm at school and it's five minutes
before an exam and I haven't revised.
S What?!
T I'm joking! What I find most relaxing is playing the piano.
I really love it because when I'm playing, I don't think of
anything else except music. It's great.
3 Olivia and Rob
O What is your most annoying habit?
R My most annoying habit? I'll show you – look.
O You snore!
R I REALLY snore. I suppose it's not exactly a habit because
I can't stop it, but occasionally it is incredibly annoying, like
if I stay at a friend's for a night. Once, I was camping and
everybody on the campsite heard me. They weren't sure
who it was though – in the morning people were asking me
if I had heard it. Oops!
O Ugh, that's SO embarrassing!
Page 42
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.26
I = Instructor, A = Adult, B = Boy, D = Dentist, G = Girl,
M = Mom, D = David
1
I OK, everybody, we're going to speed up a bit now. Right,
so following me and lift and stretch and lift and stretch and
… Kevin, that's a bit too fast actually; you can slow down just
a little … yes, no, keep going – OK, that's nice. Right, we're
going to do 10 more of these and … one and two and three
and four and …
2
A Hey! HEY! BE CAREFUL!! That was really dangerous.
B Sorry?
A You can't hear me, can you? Take off your headphones –
that might help!
B Sorry? I couldn't hear you… Oh, the headphones. Sorry,
did I hit you?
A No, you didn't, but you should look where you're going.
Honestly! You have to concentrate if you're on the road. That
was crazy!
B OK, OK, calm down.
A Calm down? Yeah, well that's a bit difficult when you've
just nearly killed me.
B OK I'm sorry.
A OK. You must be careful, though …
3
D Hello, Sophie. How are you?
G Not bad. I don't really like coming to the dentist, though.
D Ha, no, nobody likes coming here. Did you bring some
music with you?
G Yes, I did.
D Oh good. Do you remember what I explained to you last
time?
G Oh yes, about music and what was it? Endorphins?
D Endorphins, yes. When you listen to music which you like,
it helps you to relax and your body makes those chemicals
called endorphins which help to reduce pain. So hopefully
you won't really feel this.
G OK. Shall I put on my headphones, then?
D Yes, then you can relax and I promise this won't take long.
G OK, then.
D Right. That's it. Comfortable?
G Yes.
D OK. Open wide for me, please …
4
M David!!
D Oh hi, Mum. What do you think?
M Erm, yes. You're improving. I think. One day, you'll be able
to play the whole song!
D Thanks! That really cheers me up. It's not easy.
M No. I can hear that. You can't turn them down, can you?
D No, Mum, sorry. You can't turn down drums.
M Oh well. I'm glad you're happy. I'm not sure if the
neighbours are happy, though.
D No?
M No. You don't have to practise all day every day, you know.
You could have a break sometimes.
D OK, Mum. I'll have a break.
Page 44
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.29
N = Ned, J = Jan
N What's up, Jan? You don't look too happy.
J No, I'm feeling so fed up. I've just heard that we might have
to move house.
N No! Really? I'm sorry to hear that.
J Yeah. My mum's got a new job, which is good, but it
means we'll need to relocate. I can't believe it.
N I can imagine. Where might you be moving?
J To London.
N London? Right. That's quite a long way. Look on the bright
side, though – London is a really cool city. You'll be able to
go and see Arsenal play!
J Oh great!
N And we could all come and visit you.
J Yes, but I really like it here. I don't want to move.
N I know. You must feel awful. But listen, it might not even
happen. You just have to keep your fingers crossed and see.
Things could still change.
J You're right. Thanks, Ned. You've cheered me up a bit.
N Good. Don't worry. Things will work out OK.
Progress review 2
Page 46
Exercise 4 e 1.30
C = Customer, S = Shop assistant
C Hi, I'm interested in these jeans, but I'm in a bit of a hurry. I
don't think that I'm going to have time to try them on. There
are a lot of people waiting outside the changing rooms over
there.
S I see, … well, we've got eighteen changing rooms
altogether here in the store. There are some more upstairs
on the second floor, so you could try going up there.
C OK. Can you also tell me about returns? Just in case I don't
have time to try them on.
S Sure. If for any reason you get home and find that your
jeans don't fit, return them to the store in twenty-one days –
you'll need the receipt of course. We'll happily give you your
money back or you can exchange them for a different size.
C OK. Could I take the jeans back to one of your other
shops? There's a shop nearer to my house.
S Yes, that's fine … You can take the jeans back to any of
our shops around the country – there are forty-five other
TopWear shops.
C Great.
S And one other thing. If you can't find the right size on
the shelves, we can order it here at the checkout and we'll
deliver it to your home address in less than seven working
days. Or of course, you can order things online on our
website too.
C That's really helpful. You know … mmm … I think I'm
going to buy the jeans – now that I know all about your
returns policy.
S That's great. Let me just scan the bar code. That's twentyeight pounds.
C OK. Here you are.
S Thanks. …. Great …. Bye!
Page 48
Exercise 11 e 1.31
SI = Swimming instructor, S = Swimmers, M = Martha, K = Katie, T =
Teacher, J = Jack
Situation 1
SI Good afternoon, everybody! We've got a big swimming
competition this weekend, so we have to train really hard
today! We're going to practise the 200 metres first, OK? Can't
wait to see what you can do! Ready?
S OK, sir. Yeah, we're ready.
SI Right! Ready, go!
SI Great start, everybody! Good … Now, don't go too fast!
Situation 2
M I don't know what's the matter with you, Katie. You've
been quiet all afternoon – just because you lost that
basketball match!
K I just want to be on my own, Martha.
M You should just forget about the match and cheer up! We
could have a bit of fun and play that new computer game,
couldn't we?
K Well, I might start to feel better if you calm down and
leave me alone for a bit!
Situation 3
T Thank you, Dan. That was great. Our play is going to be
really good …. Now, Jack … can you say your lines again?
J OK. Look! What's that over there in the distance? Can you
see it? It looks like a monster, yes, a terrible monster! I'm
starting to feel afraid.
T Yes, that's better than last time. But you should speed up
and speak naturally. Can you try that again, please? A little
faster this time!
T Please … you must concentrate, everybody, and listen.
Now, start, Jack …
Unit 5
Page 50
Exercise 3 e 1.32
N = Neil, Te = Tegan, D = Daniel, K = Kaitlin, Th = Theo
N What's your favourite invention?
Te This is my favourite invention. It's hard to imagine life
without a smartphone, really. I know that people survived
for centuries without one of these, but now most people
have got one. I always break my screen though – I think that
someone needs to invent a screen that doesn't break.
N What do you think are the best and worst discoveries or
inventions?
D Personally, I can't think of anything better than a bicycle.
It gets you from A to B, it's quiet, it's clean, and it keeps you
fit and healthy. And the worst? Well, I think it's a shame that
someone ever invented social media. Some of my friends
are obsessed with it, and would rather sit and check their
messages than actually hang out together. That really
annoys me.
N What do you think is the best discovery or invention?
K I think medicines, like penicillin and other antibiotics are at
the top of my list. They have saved SO many lives. But there
is still a lot to do. Scientists still need to develop cures or
vaccines for illnesses which are still very common and very
dangerous – like malaria.
N Which invention would you miss most at home?
Th In our house, I think the thing we'd miss most is the
dishwasher. It's a great invention for saving time. I remember
when our dishwasher wasn't working and my parents made
me wash the dishes EVERY day.
Page 54
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.34
L = Lucy, F = Frank, M = Mike, J = Jan
L Hello! Welcome to the What if …? podcast – our weekly look
at your science questions. The questions are coming in fast, so
let's see how many our experts can get through today. Where
shall we start? … Ah, here's an easy one: What will we do if the
sun dies? Frank?
F Well, it will die, but we've got four or five billion years to
think of an answer to that one. If theories are correct, the sun
will then be about 30% hotter and the oceans won't exist.
Earth will be a very different place, and if humans still exist,
they'll probably be living on different planets by then.
L Mike, your turn. What about the guitar one?
M Yes, well as you know, space is a vacuum, and sound
doesn't travel if there isn't any air. So if you played guitar in
space, nobody would hear you.
L That's right, but if you were in the space station then
people would hear you. Actually, there's a great video of
an astronaut playing the guitar in the International Space
Station. OK. Jan, you're our astronomer. What are the chances
that a really big meteor will hit Earth?
J Well, we're probably safe for the next few hundred years.
Astronomers observe any object which might come close,
and occasionally there is a bit of a panic.
L Yes, when did that last happen?
J Well in 2015, a big meteor came very close to us.
L How big? And how close?
J Well, the meteor was three kilometres wide and it passed
4.6 million miles away from Earth.
L 4.6 million miles. Is that close?
J In space, 4.6 million miles is very close. And this thing was
travelling at 65,000 kilometres an hour. If that had hit the
Earth, it would have destroyed a big area – probably the size
of a small country.
L Well, I'm glad that it missed then! Next question. Frank?
F Yes, I like this one. Which species causes the most deaths?
Now I know people will be thinking sharks and snakes and
so on, but in fact, sharks only cause about five deaths a year.
Surprisingly, cows are worse, causing over twenty deaths a
year. But by far the most dangerous species is humans, in my
opinion.
L Yes, I'm sure you're right, and on that happy note, let's have
a commercial break …
Page 56
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.36
Is space exploration a waste of money?
Well, I've got a few opinions about this. I know that some
people think that space exploration is useful. I'm sure that
scientists do some interesting experiments when they're up
there in space, but do we really need to go into space to do
those experiments? I doubt that it's really necessary. Surely
scientists can do those experiments here on earth.
People also say that we need to explore and to find new
places where humans can live. Well, in my opinion, it would
be better if we tried to make Earth a better place. I don't
believe that people really want to go and live on the moon
or on Mars. When you think about it, that really wouldn't be
much fun!
So as far as I can see, there isn't any reason to explore space
and there's no doubt in my mind that it is a waste of money.
I think that it would be better to spend the money on other
things, like medicines or houses or clean energy.
Unit 6
Page 58
Exercises 3 and 4 e 2.02
N = Neil, O = Olivia, T = Tegan, S = Sam, J = Joelle,
D = Daniel, R = Rob
1 Olivia and Tegan
N How do you see yourself in a group?
O In our group, I'm more of an introvert. I hate being the
centre of attention!
T I love it!
O Yeah, you're definitely the leader of the group!
T I suppose so. I'm an extrovert, so I'm happiest when I'm
with a big group of people.
O I don't mind being with the group, but I just don't want to
be the leader.
2 Sam and Joelle
N Are you generally posit...
Starter unit
Page 8
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.03
Z = Zoe, G = Grandma
Z Hi, Grandma. Are you still watching that? Wow, you really
love golf, don't you?
G I do love golf, sweetheart, especially on this TV.
Z It's HD, Grandma. The picture's great, isn't it?
G HD?
Z Yes, you know, high definition.
G Ah! Yes, it's amazing. You know that TV didn't use to have
colour pictures. My first TV was black and white. And we
didn't have remote controls, you know.
Z How did you use to change the channel?!
G We used to stand up and walk to the TV! Just imagine.
Although there only used to be three channels. There wasn't
any satellite TV.
Z Wow! And I know you like using Skype. I guess that didn't
exist when you were younger, did it?
G Oh no, no. But I think video calling is wonderful.
Z We're very lucky now, aren't we? I imagine that life used to
be more difficult without all this technology.
G Not really. Just different. … We didn't have GPS, for
example, so we used to use real maps more, and most
people your age can't do that now!
Z Do you think people used to have more skills?
G No, I mean we had different skills. Like reading maps, and
doing maths in our heads because we didn't use calculators.
And you've got things like spellcheckers now, and there are
apps for everything. People don't need to think so much
now, do they?
Z Well, we still have some skills. I can make coffee you know.
There isn't an app for that. Would you like one?
G I'd love a cup of coffee. Thanks, Zoe.
Z No problem.
Unit 1
Page 11
Exercise 3 e 1.04
O = Olivia, T = Tegan, D = Daniel, R = Rob, S = Sam,
K = Kaitlin
1
O What can you remember about your last birthday?
T Ooh. Let me think. Actually, I'm not sure if I can remember
anything.
O Really? Why not?
T Well maybe I didn't do anything. I honestly can't
remember! What about you?
O I can remember mine. I had a great time!
T Nice! What did you do?
O I went out for pizza with my friends. You were there,
Tegan! Remember?
T Oh yes.
2
D Do you keep souvenirs of places that you visit?
R Yes, I do. This is my favourite. I carry it everywhere with me.
D What is it?
R It's a shark tooth.
D Ooh cool! What's the story behind that?
R Well, believe it or not, it's from a massive shark which I
caught when I was fishing in Australia.
D You're kidding!
R Yes, I'm kidding. It's just plastic. I bought it in a shop when I
was on holiday.
3
S Do you frame photos to remind you of special events?
K Mm, not really, they're all on my phone, though.
S … You've got loads on here! … What's this one?!
K Oh no …
S Is this you?!
K Yes, that's me.
S What were you wearing?!
K It was supposed to be a carrot costume, for a school
assembly in Year 4.
S That's hilarious!
K OK, OK, I was only a kid!
Page 14
Exercise 3 e 1.07
A = Amy, E = Eric
A Hi, I'm Amy,
E and I'm Eric.
A And this is our second podcast about time capsules. Last
week we gave you some tips. This week we want to talk
about some real time capsules.
E Let's start with the Boston time capsule, because it's the
oldest and it's an interesting story.
Page 14
Exercise 4 e 1.08
A = Amy, E = Eric
A Hi, I'm Amy,
E and I'm Eric.
A and this is our second podcast about time capsules. Last
week we gave you some tips. This week we want to talk
about some real time capsules.
E Let's start with the Boston time capsule, because it's the
oldest and it's an interesting story.
A Yes, some builders came across this one in 2015. The
workers were repairing a historic building when they found a
metal box hidden inside the walls. Two men had left it there
over two hundred and twenty years ago.
E That's right. So some experts opened the box, VERY
carefully, because it contained fragile documents.
Also inside, there were some unusual coins, a medal, some
newspapers from 1795, and some really interesting historic
documents. All in amazingly good condition.
A Those coins will be pretty valuable now!
E Let's look at another one from the USA – but this one is a bit
bigger.
A Yes, it's enormous. It's in Georgia, and it's called the Crypt of
Civilisation. People call it the first modern time capsule.
E It's really a room – a waterproof room with a massive metal
door. The idea for it came from a university president in the
1930s. He wanted future civilisation to have information
about us. The opening date is the year 8113.
A That's a long, long time.
E It certainly is. They finished building the crypt in 1940.
The things in the room were ordinary objects in 1940, like
typewriters and radios. But looking at the pictures, some of
them look very old-fashioned now!
A I know, look at this toaster!
Page 16
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.09
Theo
Have I told you about the time I got my first bicycle? It was
the day of my tenth birthday. When I got home from school, I
saw a beautiful brand new bike in the living room. I remember
feeling really excited! I've got an older brother, you see, so I
always got his old bicycles when he was too big for them. It
was the same with clothes. I didn't have many things which
were fashionable or brand new.
Anyway, the first thing I did was to go outside and try out my
new bike. All my family came out into the street, and they were
watching me. The problem was, the bike was quite big, and it
wasn't easy to ride. And then, twenty metres down the road …
I fell off!
What a disaster! There I was, all dirty and crying, and my brand
new bike was damaged. I used to be quite a tough kid, but I
was upset and embarrassed. And that's it! All in all it wasn't a
great experience. Luckily, nobody took any photos!
Unit 2
Page 18
Exercise 3 e 1.10
N = Neil, J = Joelle, O = Olivia, T = Theo
N Joelle, how good are you at making decisions?
J I'm not sure. I mean, I can make decisions, but I prefer to
put things off, especially if it's something difficult, like making
arrangements with friends. I guess I'm someone who likes to
keep my options open.
N Olivia, are you a decisive person?
O Yes, definitely. I'm someone who sticks with my decisions.
For example, I'm pretty good at buying presents, because I
always know what I want to get before I go into the shop. I'm
quite an organised person, and I like to get on with things as
soon as I can, so I can tick them off my list!
N Theo, how good are you at making decisions?
T I'm pretty indecisive! For example, ordering food at a
restaurant … I can NEVER decide what I want! I'm no good
at shopping either. I go to every shop to see what they've
got, and then I can't make up my mind after seeing so many
different options. Making decisions just isn't something I
enjoy!
Page 22
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.12
TY = Transition Year coordinator, J = Joey, R = Rita,
M = Martin, L = Laura
1
TY How's Transition Year going for you, Joey?
J Good, so far, thanks. I've already had the chance to do a
few interesting things.
TY Yes? What have you enjoyed most so far?
J I'd say it was definitely the week at the outdoor activity
centre.
TY The outdoor activities. Yeah, they're good, aren't they?
J Really good. I think I gained a lot of confidence when I was
there. I was really nervous about things like kayaking, but in
the end I really got into it. We did a lot of activities in teams,
and that helped us get to know each other better and learn
to trust each other. I thought that was really good. We had a
real laugh with the teachers, too.
2
TY So, Rita. How's Transition Year going for you? Have you
done any work experience yet?
R Yes, I've done one of my weeks, and I've organised another
week in June.
TY Oh yes, that's right – you've just finished working at the
dentist's. How was that?
R Pretty good actually. I learned about all of the instruments
and helped with X-rays and mixing stuff. It was cool.
TY So, do you think you might study to be a dentist?
R I don't know. I haven't decided on my subjects for 5th year
yet.
TY Well, you can take your time and try out some of the
subjects before you decide.
R Yeah, I will.
3
TY Hi Martin, Laura. You're getting ready for your trip to India.
How are the preparations going?
M Good, thanks. We've already raised over a thousand Euros.
L We need about another thousand for the flights and stuff.
TY Great! When are you hoping to go out to India?
L February maybe.
M We still haven't got the exact dates.
TY You know, two boys in fifth year did that same project
last year. You should get in touch with them.
M We already have! We got together with them a few weeks
ago and they told us all about their experience.
L We'll be working with children like they did, hopefully.
TY Great. And have you made any decisions about next
year?
M No, I haven't decided anything.
TY And you, Laura?
L Yes. I decided my subjects a long time ago. And in the
future, I might get involved with charity work. I've really
enjoyed that.
Page 24
Exercises 1 and 2 e 1.13
L = Liam, R = Rosa
L Hey, Rosa. What are you up to?
R Oh, I'm still trying to choose my last two subjects for fifth
year.
L Seriously? Haven't you done that yet? There's not much
time left.
R I know. I've been thinking about it for ages, but I can't
make up my mind.
L OK. What are your options?
R Well, I've just chosen German, but I don't know whether to
do business or art. Which do you reckon is best?
L It's up to you, Rosa. They're totally different subjects.
R Yes, I know. I'm in two minds. The good thing about art
is that I know I enjoy it, but then business is probably more
useful. So, I'm sort of leaning towards business.
L Have you thought of speaking to Mr Bartley about this? He
gave me some really good advice.
R Good idea! Thanks, Liam.
L No problem.
Page 24
Exercises 4 and 5 e 1.15
V = Victoria, M = Michael
V Michael, have you decided which festival you want to go
to yet?
M Mmm, I'm in two minds. I think we should go to
Longitude or The Electric Picnic. But I can't decide between
the two!
V We can't put it off any longer; we need to get tickets. And
we don't have enough money to go to both.
M I know. Which do you reckon is best?
V Right, well, The Electric Picnic's for older people, I reckon,
and it's massive – almost too big. I like the idea of Longitude
'cos it's more alternative.
M That's true, but then it always rains at Longitude. And the
good thing about The Electric Picnic is that it's much nearer.
V Hmm, I suppose so. But you know that my friend Lily is
driving to Longitude and she's got two spaces in her car.
Have you considered that?
M Lily is going to Longitude? Seriously? Right, that's it. I've
made up my mind. If it's good enough for Lily, it's good
enough for me.
V Oh good. I'm glad we've sorted that out.
Progress review 1
Page 26
Exercise 4 e 1.16
D = Diane, M = Mike
D After the latest information on the sale of one of Europe's
largest car makers, we now move to a sale of a different type.
And it's over to our north of England correspondent, Mike
Carter. Hello Mike.
M Good morning, Diane. I'm standing outside the auction
house here on Teesside. There are a lot of people leaving the
place after the sale of an important collection.
D When you say 'collection' people usually think about a
collection of valuable paintings or rare books, but that's not
the case today, is it?
M No. Today we saw the sale of a big collection of toys –
these were mostly rare Action Man toys.
D Who did they belong to?
M Well, they belonged to an 88-year-old man called Doug
Carpenter. In the 1970s and 1980s he had worked for a
popular toy company called Palitoy. While he was working
for the company he kept some of the products – he was
allowed to.
D So why was his collection so special?
M Well, all the toys were unused and they had been kept
safely in their boxes in a room at the top of his house. Both
the toys and the boxes were completely undamaged and
some of the boxes, in particular, were very rare. A small
number of boxes were empty, but they were still valuable –
one box sold for £160.
D £160 for an empty box?
M But the most valuable thing today was a set of Action Man
sports clothes. Someone paid £6,480 for the set – it was a
rare judo outfit. It was unused and in a special box.
D Wow, £6,480 for Action Man clothes. Perhaps, it isn't
always a good idea to throw away your old or useless things.
Thank you, Mike.
Page 28
Exercise 11 e 1.17
T= Teacher, V = Victoria, M = Mark, E = Ellie
1
T Hi Victoria! How have you found your first afternoon here
at the school?
V Well, I was very nervous at first, because I haven't helped
in a school before and I've never got involved with working
with children. So I found the first hour a bit difficult.
T I see.
V But when I got the chance to read some stories to a group
of children – I really got into it!
T Fantastic!
V I haven't completely got used to reading stories like a
teacher – but I enjoyed it a lot! I can't wait for next week.
2
T Hello, Mark. How has the afternoon been for you?
M I've found it all really interesting here at the school. It's
been great so far.
T That's good. What's been the best thing?
M Well – in the break time, I got together with Dan – he's
doing community work here too, and we organised a
football match with the children in the playground.
T That sounds fun. Did you get to know Dan here?
M No, he's a friend from my secondary school.
3
T Hi, Ellie. Have you enjoyed your first visit here?
E Yes, I've really enjoyed helping the children – except for
the painting activity!
T Oh, why was that?
E Well, the school told me that I needed to do painting with
the children. So I got ready for it – I'm wearing old clothes.
T Good idea!
E Well … the children really got into it! And they put paint
everywhere – all over me!
T Oh no!
E But it was a good afternoon overall.
Unit 3
Page 31
Exercise 4 e 1.18
N = Neil, S = Sam, T = Tegan, D = Daniel
1
N Sam, what do you spend your money on?
S I haven't got loads of money. I spend it mostly on going
out, I suppose. When I go out with friends, we might get a
pizza or something in town. It's not worth spending a lot of
money on clothes. If I get any money for my birthday, then
I'll put it in the bank because I'm saving for a car. If money
was no object, I'd get a nice red Ferrari, but that isn't going to
happen.
2
N Tegan, do you like shopping?
T Yeah, I actually do like shopping, and if you look around,
you can get some bargains in town. My one luxury is this
pair of sunglasses. I spent quite a bit of money on them,
so I hope they last me a while! This brand is really 'in' at the
moment. Apart from clothes, I get make-up. I don't take any
notice of advertisements for make-up, though, they're all the
same.
3
N Daniel, what do you spend your money on?
D There's a big shopping centre near where I live, but most
of the shops only sell expensive brands, so I can't afford
anything there. I spend most of my money on games stuff
– there is one shop in town where you can rent games, and
they also buy and sell used games. The prices of new games
are a bit of a rip-off. I can usually get things cheaper online.
Page 34
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.21
Hello, and welcome to our tour. Shopping will be different in
the future …
Let's start here, on the street. One day soon you'll be walking
along window shopping. The cameras in the shops will be
watching you. The camera software will recognise how old
you are, if you're a man or a woman, and what style of clothes
you are wearing. Then the advertisements in the window will
change. The advertisements will be specially for you. Ah, so
you want to go in … of course.
Welcome to the store. No, there aren't any shop assistants.
Only robots which fill the shelves and take your shopping to
the checkouts.
Stand in front of this screen and we'll scan your body. Good.
Now we know what size you are. No, there aren't any changing
rooms. Look at the screen – yes, you can see yourself in different
clothes. Touch the screen to change the colour or size of the
clothes. You won't need to try things on. Oh, good, you're going
to buy a coat. Press this button. Your shopping will be at the
checkout when you leave.
Are you buying a gift for a friend? Why not send it by
drone? Drones operate in towns and cities. It's quick and
convenient. Order a pair of shoes online now, and your
friend will be wearing them in less than an hour.
You're leaving. You won't need any cards or cash. Just
connect to the Wi-Fi on your phone to pay the robot. Thank
you, and goodbye. We'll send you messages when there are
special offers.
Now, time to go home. Your train leaves in ten minutes. Ah,
you're cooking for friends tonight … but you haven't got
any food? No problem. There's a virtual store outside. Scan
the bar codes of the food and we'll deliver it before you get
home.
What's that? You're impressed with the technology of the
future. Well, you won't be waiting for it long, I promise. Why?
Because it already exists. See you at the shops …
Page 36
Exercises 1 and 3 e 1.22
Hi. I'm Joelle, and today I'd like to talk to you about my
favourite product: the book. I think you're really going to like
it.
Let me start by showing you some great features of the
book.
First of all, it's light and portable. As you can see, I can carry
it easily with one hand. It's also quite tough. If you drop it, it
won't break. Some other products, in contrast, are a bit more
fragile.
Oh dear!
Another advantage is that books don't require any electricity
or a charger, so you can use them anywhere, unlike e-readers
and tablets, which can run out of battery.
It's also worth mentioning that books are very easy to share
with friends.
Finally, one big advantage of books is that they're cheap – or
even free! If you visit a place called a library, you can borrow
one for up to a month. Now that's what I call good value!
So there you have it – the book. I think you'll agree that it's a
great product. Get yours today!
Unit 4
Page 38
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.24
K = Kaitlin, J = Joelle, S = Sam, T = Theo, O = Olivia, R = Rob
1 Kaitlin and Joelle
K What kind of situations are stressful for you?
J Hmm …. What I find most stressful is being stuck in traffic.
I hate it when I'm sitting on the bus and it's not moving and I
just want to be at home.
K Really? I'm not that bothered by traffic. I just relax and read a
book.
J Oh, I couldn't do that. There's nothing relaxing about being
stuck in a traffic jam!
2 Sam and Theo
S What activities do you find most relaxing?
T I feel most relaxed when I'm at school and it's five minutes
before an exam and I haven't revised.
S What?!
T I'm joking! What I find most relaxing is playing the piano.
I really love it because when I'm playing, I don't think of
anything else except music. It's great.
3 Olivia and Rob
O What is your most annoying habit?
R My most annoying habit? I'll show you – look.
O You snore!
R I REALLY snore. I suppose it's not exactly a habit because
I can't stop it, but occasionally it is incredibly annoying, like
if I stay at a friend's for a night. Once, I was camping and
everybody on the campsite heard me. They weren't sure
who it was though – in the morning people were asking me
if I had heard it. Oops!
O Ugh, that's SO embarrassing!
Page 42
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.26
I = Instructor, A = Adult, B = Boy, D = Dentist, G = Girl,
M = Mom, D = David
1
I OK, everybody, we're going to speed up a bit now. Right,
so following me and lift and stretch and lift and stretch and
… Kevin, that's a bit too fast actually; you can slow down just
a little … yes, no, keep going – OK, that's nice. Right, we're
going to do 10 more of these and … one and two and three
and four and …
2
A Hey! HEY! BE CAREFUL!! That was really dangerous.
B Sorry?
A You can't hear me, can you? Take off your headphones –
that might help!
B Sorry? I couldn't hear you… Oh, the headphones. Sorry,
did I hit you?
A No, you didn't, but you should look where you're going.
Honestly! You have to concentrate if you're on the road. That
was crazy!
B OK, OK, calm down.
A Calm down? Yeah, well that's a bit difficult when you've
just nearly killed me.
B OK I'm sorry.
A OK. You must be careful, though …
3
D Hello, Sophie. How are you?
G Not bad. I don't really like coming to the dentist, though.
D Ha, no, nobody likes coming here. Did you bring some
music with you?
G Yes, I did.
D Oh good. Do you remember what I explained to you last
time?
G Oh yes, about music and what was it? Endorphins?
D Endorphins, yes. When you listen to music which you like,
it helps you to relax and your body makes those chemicals
called endorphins which help to reduce pain. So hopefully
you won't really feel this.
G OK. Shall I put on my headphones, then?
D Yes, then you can relax and I promise this won't take long.
G OK, then.
D Right. That's it. Comfortable?
G Yes.
D OK. Open wide for me, please …
4
M David!!
D Oh hi, Mum. What do you think?
M Erm, yes. You're improving. I think. One day, you'll be able
to play the whole song!
D Thanks! That really cheers me up. It's not easy.
M No. I can hear that. You can't turn them down, can you?
D No, Mum, sorry. You can't turn down drums.
M Oh well. I'm glad you're happy. I'm not sure if the
neighbours are happy, though.
D No?
M No. You don't have to practise all day every day, you know.
You could have a break sometimes.
D OK, Mum. I'll have a break.
Page 44
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.29
N = Ned, J = Jan
N What's up, Jan? You don't look too happy.
J No, I'm feeling so fed up. I've just heard that we might have
to move house.
N No! Really? I'm sorry to hear that.
J Yeah. My mum's got a new job, which is good, but it
means we'll need to relocate. I can't believe it.
N I can imagine. Where might you be moving?
J To London.
N London? Right. That's quite a long way. Look on the bright
side, though – London is a really cool city. You'll be able to
go and see Arsenal play!
J Oh great!
N And we could all come and visit you.
J Yes, but I really like it here. I don't want to move.
N I know. You must feel awful. But listen, it might not even
happen. You just have to keep your fingers crossed and see.
Things could still change.
J You're right. Thanks, Ned. You've cheered me up a bit.
N Good. Don't worry. Things will work out OK.
Progress review 2
Page 46
Exercise 4 e 1.30
C = Customer, S = Shop assistant
C Hi, I'm interested in these jeans, but I'm in a bit of a hurry. I
don't think that I'm going to have time to try them on. There
are a lot of people waiting outside the changing rooms over
there.
S I see, … well, we've got eighteen changing rooms
altogether here in the store. There are some more upstairs
on the second floor, so you could try going up there.
C OK. Can you also tell me about returns? Just in case I don't
have time to try them on.
S Sure. If for any reason you get home and find that your
jeans don't fit, return them to the store in twenty-one days –
you'll need the receipt of course. We'll happily give you your
money back or you can exchange them for a different size.
C OK. Could I take the jeans back to one of your other
shops? There's a shop nearer to my house.
S Yes, that's fine … You can take the jeans back to any of
our shops around the country – there are forty-five other
TopWear shops.
C Great.
S And one other thing. If you can't find the right size on
the shelves, we can order it here at the checkout and we'll
deliver it to your home address in less than seven working
days. Or of course, you can order things online on our
website too.
C That's really helpful. You know … mmm … I think I'm
going to buy the jeans – now that I know all about your
returns policy.
S That's great. Let me just scan the bar code. That's twentyeight pounds.
C OK. Here you are.
S Thanks. …. Great …. Bye!
Page 48
Exercise 11 e 1.31
SI = Swimming instructor, S = Swimmers, M = Martha, K = Katie, T =
Teacher, J = Jack
Situation 1
SI Good afternoon, everybody! We've got a big swimming
competition this weekend, so we have to train really hard
today! We're going to practise the 200 metres first, OK? Can't
wait to see what you can do! Ready?
S OK, sir. Yeah, we're ready.
SI Right! Ready, go!
SI Great start, everybody! Good … Now, don't go too fast!
Situation 2
M I don't know what's the matter with you, Katie. You've
been quiet all afternoon – just because you lost that
basketball match!
K I just want to be on my own, Martha.
M You should just forget about the match and cheer up! We
could have a bit of fun and play that new computer game,
couldn't we?
K Well, I might start to feel better if you calm down and
leave me alone for a bit!
Situation 3
T Thank you, Dan. That was great. Our play is going to be
really good …. Now, Jack … can you say your lines again?
J OK. Look! What's that over there in the distance? Can you
see it? It looks like a monster, yes, a terrible monster! I'm
starting to feel afraid.
T Yes, that's better than last time. But you should speed up
and speak naturally. Can you try that again, please? A little
faster this time!
T Please … you must concentrate, everybody, and listen.
Now, start, Jack …
Unit 5
Page 50
Exercise 3 e 1.32
N = Neil, Te = Tegan, D = Daniel, K = Kaitlin, Th = Theo
N What's your favourite invention?
Te This is my favourite invention. It's hard to imagine life
without a smartphone, really. I know that people survived
for centuries without one of these, but now most people
have got one. I always break my screen though – I think that
someone needs to invent a screen that doesn't break.
N What do you think are the best and worst discoveries or
inventions?
D Personally, I can't think of anything better than a bicycle.
It gets you from A to B, it's quiet, it's clean, and it keeps you
fit and healthy. And the worst? Well, I think it's a shame that
someone ever invented social media. Some of my friends
are obsessed with it, and would rather sit and check their
messages than actually hang out together. That really
annoys me.
N What do you think is the best discovery or invention?
K I think medicines, like penicillin and other antibiotics are at
the top of my list. They have saved SO many lives. But there
is still a lot to do. Scientists still need to develop cures or
vaccines for illnesses which are still very common and very
dangerous – like malaria.
N Which invention would you miss most at home?
Th In our house, I think the thing we'd miss most is the
dishwasher. It's a great invention for saving time. I remember
when our dishwasher wasn't working and my parents made
me wash the dishes EVERY day.
Page 54
Exercises 3 and 4 e 1.34
L = Lucy, F = Frank, M = Mike, J = Jan
L Hello! Welcome to the What if …? podcast – our weekly look
at your science questions. The questions are coming in fast, so
let's see how many our experts can get through today. Where
shall we start? … Ah, here's an easy one: What will we do if the
sun dies? Frank?
F Well, it will die, but we've got four or five billion years to
think of an answer to that one. If theories are correct, the sun
will then be about 30% hotter and the oceans won't exist.
Earth will be a very different place, and if humans still exist,
they'll probably be living on different planets by then.
L Mike, your turn. What about the guitar one?
M Yes, well as you know, space is a vacuum, and sound
doesn't travel if there isn't any air. So if you played guitar in
space, nobody would hear you.
L That's right, but if you were in the space station then
people would hear you. Actually, there's a great video of
an astronaut playing the guitar in the International Space
Station. OK. Jan, you're our astronomer. What are the chances
that a really big meteor will hit Earth?
J Well, we're probably safe for the next few hundred years.
Astronomers observe any object which might come close,
and occasionally there is a bit of a panic.
L Yes, when did that last happen?
J Well in 2015, a big meteor came very close to us.
L How big? And how close?
J Well, the meteor was three kilometres wide and it passed
4.6 million miles away from Earth.
L 4.6 million miles. Is that close?
J In space, 4.6 million miles is very close. And this thing was
travelling at 65,000 kilometres an hour. If that had hit the
Earth, it would have destroyed a big area – probably the size
of a small country.
L Well, I'm glad that it missed then! Next question. Frank?
F Yes, I like this one. Which species causes the most deaths?
Now I know people will be thinking sharks and snakes and
so on, but in fact, sharks only cause about five deaths a year.
Surprisingly, cows are worse, causing over twenty deaths a
year. But by far the most dangerous species is humans, in my
opinion.
L Yes, I'm sure you're right, and on that happy note, let's have
a commercial break …
Page 56
Exercises 2 and 3 e 1.36
Is space exploration a waste of money?
Well, I've got a few opinions about this. I know that some
people think that space exploration is useful. I'm sure that
scientists do some interesting experiments when they're up
there in space, but do we really need to go into space to do
those experiments? I doubt that it's really necessary. Surely
scientists can do those experiments here on earth.
People also say that we need to explore and to find new
places where humans can live. Well, in my opinion, it would
be better if we tried to make Earth a better place. I don't
believe that people really want to go and live on the moon
or on Mars. When you think about it, that really wouldn't be
much fun!
So as far as I can see, there isn't any reason to explore space
and there's no doubt in my mind that it is a waste of money.
I think that it would be better to spend the money on other
things, like medicines or houses or clean energy.
Unit 6
Page 58
Exercises 3 and 4 e 2.02
N = Neil, O = Olivia, T = Tegan, S = Sam, J = Joelle,
D = Daniel, R = Rob
1 Olivia and Tegan
N How do you see yourself in a group?
O In our group, I'm more of an introvert. I hate being the
centre of attention!
T I love it!
O Yeah, you're definitely the leader of the group!
T I suppose so. I'm an extrovert, so I'm happiest when I'm
with a big group of people.
O I don't mind being with the group, but I just don't want to
be the leader.
2 Sam and Joelle
N Are you generally posit...
 








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