* Câu điều kiện/ WISH (Ước):
1-Điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai (ĐKI)
( possible condition at present or in future )
If + S + Vs,es , S + will/shall/can/may + V-infinitive

Ex1: If it rains, we won’t go for a picnic
Ex2: Our natural resources will disappear if we do not conserve them
*Notes:
-> Ta có thể sử dụng mệnh lệnh ở mệnh đề chính.
   Ex: If you drink, don’t drive
- >Ta có thể sử dụng “should” ở mệnh đề điều kiện để tỏ ý nghi ngờ.
   Ex: If he should call, tell him I will ring back.
-> Dạng rút gọn ở mệnh đề điều kiện (if possible, if necessary, if so...........)
  Ex: If necessary, I will help you.
->Ta có thể sử dụng dạng mệnh lệnh để thay cho mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện.        
  Trong trường hợp này, giữa hai mệnh đề thường có các liên từ như sau:
and, or, else, otherwise.
-> Ex: Go to bed early or you will be late for school.
2-Điều kiện không xảy ra ở hiện tại (ĐK 2)
If + S + Ved , S + would + V
were

Ex1: If she had wings, she would fly to an island.
Ex2: He would build more houses if he were a king.
*Note:
- ‘If I were you/I were in your position..........’
được sử dụng để khuyên nhủ.
Ex: If I were you, I would accept the invitation
( = You should accept the invitation ).
- > “Were to + bare –infinitive” có thể được sử dụng để thay thế
động từ ở “simple past” trong mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện.
Ex: If I were to ask him nicely, he would help us.
3- Điều kiện ko xảy ra ở quá khứ ( ĐK3)
If + S + had + P2 , S + would have + P2.

Ex: If I had learned hard yesterday, I wouldn`t have got good mark .
He would have pass the exam if he hadn`t been lazy last week.

4- WISH :
a- Ước ở hiện tại:
S + Wish + S + V.ed + ...
(If only) were
could + V

Ex: I wish I were on the beach now.
If only I were on the beach now.
I wish I spoke English well.
b- Ước ở tương lai:
S + Wish + S + would + Vinfinitive....
(If only) should

Ex: He wishes he would travel around the world.
I wish you would pass the next exam
c- Ước ở quá khứ:
S + wish + S + had + P2

- I wish I hadn`t been busy last night.
They wish they had visited us last week.
5- Mệnh đề sau "would rather" : mong muốn rằng
a- Mong muốn ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai:
S + would rather (that) + S + Ved/ were

Ex: Tom would rather that his mother worked in the hospital.
I would rather the weather were fine tomorrow.
b- Mong muốn ở quá khứ:
S + would rather (that) + S + had + P2


Ex: (Yesterday I was too tired to go out with you .)
-> I would rather that I hadn`t been tired yesterday.
* "would rather" : thích hơn
S + would rather (not) + Vinfinitive.
S + would rather + V1 + than + V2

Ex: I would watch TV in the evening. = I`d rather watch TV in the evening
I would rather watch TV than do the housework.



CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ( IF CLAUSE/ wish)

I- Choose the best answer:
1-I f I …………..a lot of money now, I ……………..a new car.
a. have /will buy b. have / would buy c. had/ will buy d. had/ would buy.
2- If I ………...….…you, I ………...…….do that.
a. am/ will b. were /would c. were/ will d. had been/ would.
3- If I were offered the job, I think I ……........…. it.
a. take b. will take c. would take d. would have taken.
4- I would be very surprised if he……………..