TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI LỚP 12 (CHƯƠNG TRÌNH MỚI) DÙNG CHUNG 3 BỘ SGK
HƯỚNG TỚI KỲ THI THPTQG 2025
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH
GLOBAL SUCCESS

BỘ SÁCH

UNIT 4. URBANISATION
( ĐÔ THỊ HÓA )

A. KIẾN THỨC TRỌNG TÂM.
I. TỪ VỰNG.

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GETTING STARTED

1. urbanisation /ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/  (n): sự đô thị hóa
2. traffic jam /'træfɪk dʒæm/ (n): tắc đường
3. resident /ˈrezɪdənt/ (n): cư dân
4. high-rise /ˈhaɪ raɪz/  (adj): cao tầng
5. go up /ɡəʊ/  (phr.v): tăng lên
6. comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/  (adj): thoải mái
7. crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ (adj): đông đúc
8. convenient /kənˈviːniənt/  (adj): tiện lợi
9. rush hour /ˈrʌʃ ˌaʊr/  (n): giờ cao điểm
10. facility /fəˈsɪləti/  (n): cơ sở
11. rice field / raɪs fiːldz /  (n): cánh đồng lúa
LANGUAGE
12. expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/  (adj): đắt
13. unemployment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/  (n): thất nghiệp
14. crime /kraɪm/ (n): tội phạm
15. afford /əˈfɔːd/  (v): đủ khả năng
16. invest /ɪnˈvest/  (v): đầu tư
17. rural /ˈrʊərəl/  (adj): thuộc về nông thôn
18. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/  (v): cải thiện
19. infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/  (n): cơ sở hạ tầng
20. authority /ɔːˈθɒrəti/  (n): chính quyền
21. expand /ɪkˈspænd/  (n): mở rộng
22. shortage /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/  (n): thiếu hụt
23. farmland /ˈfɑːm.lænd/  (n): đất nông nghiệp
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24. housing /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/  (n): nhà ở
25. public transport /ˈpʌblɪk ˈtrænspɔːt/  (n.p) phương tiện giao thông công cộng
26. traditional /trəˈdɪʃənl/  (adj): truyền thống
27. seek /siːk/  (v): tìm kiếm
28. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/  (n): quyết định
READING
29. exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/  (n): triển lãm
30. attract /əˈtrækt/  (v): thu hút
31. childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/  (n): tuổi thơ
32. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/  (n): dân số
33. focus on /ˈfəʊkəs ɒn/  (phr.v): tập trung vào
34. trade /treɪd/  (n): buôn bán
35. craft /krɑːft/  (n): thủ công
36. bring back /brɪŋ ˈbæk/  (phr.v): mang trở lại
37. colonial /kəˈləʊ.ni.əl/  (adj): thuộc địa
38. architecture /ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)/  (n): kiến trúc
39. modernize /ˈmɒd.ən.aɪz/  (v): hiện đại hóa
40. concern /kənˈsɜːn/  (v): sự lo ngại
41. gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/  (adv) dần dần
42. tram /træm/  (n): xe điện
SPEAKING
43. low-rise /ˈləʊ.raɪz/   (adj): thấp tầng
44. reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/  (adj): đáng tin cậy
45. dweller /ˈdwelə(r)/  (n): người dân
46. emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/  (n): khí thải
47. smog /smɒɡ/  (n): khói bụi
48. decrease /dɪˈkriːs/  (v): giảm
LISTENING
49. rapidly /ˈræp.ɪd.li/ (adv) nhanh, liên tục
WRITING
50. stable /ˈsteɪbl/  (adj): ổn định
COMMUNICATION & CULTURE / CLIL
51. slightly /ˈslaɪtli/  (adv) nhẹ
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52. steadily /ˈstedəli/  (adv) đều đặn
53. flat /flæt/ (n): căn hộ
54. immigration /ˌɪm.ɪˈɡreɪ.ʃən/   (n): sự nhập cư
55. coastal /ˈkəʊstl/  (adj): ven biển
56. agricultural /ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/  (adj): thuộc về nông nghiệp
57. urbanized /ˈɜː.bən.aɪzd/  (adj): đô thị hóa
58. settle in /ˈset.əl ɪn/  (phr.v): định cư
59. region /ˈriːdʒən/  (n): khu vực
60. complaint /kəmˈpleɪnt/  (n): sự phàn nàn
61. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/  (v): trả lời
62. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/  (n): sai lầm
63. equal /ˈiːkwəl/  (adj): ngang nhau/ bình đẳng
64. community /kəˈmjuːnəti/  (n): cộng đồng
65. skyscraper /ˈskaɪskreɪpə(r)/  (n): tòa nhà chọc trời
66. stuck /stʌk/  (v): mắc kẹt
II. NGỮ PHÁP
UNIT 4. PRESENT PERFECT (REVIEW AND EXTENSION);
DOUBLE COMPARATIVES TO SHOW CHANGES.
(Hiện tại hoàn thành và so sánh kép)
1. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (The Present Perfect Tense)
a. Cấu trúc (Form)
I, We, You, They
He/ She/ It

+ have
+ has

+ past participle (V3)

* Thể phủ định: S + haven't/ hasn't + V3
* Thể nghi vấn: Have/ Has + S + V3?
b. Cách dùng (Usage)
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả một hành động hoặc sự việc vừa mới xảy ra.
Ex: I have just seen my sister in the park.
Ex: She has finished her homework recently.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả một hành động được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần ở quá khứ và còn
có thể được lặp lại ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Ex: Daisy has read that novel several times.
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Ex: I have seen “Titanic” three times.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có
khả năng tiếp tục ở tương lai.
Ex: Mary has lived in this house for ten years.
Ex: They have studied English since 1990.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả hành động hoặc sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ khi người nói
không biết rõ hoặc không muốn đề cập đến thời gian chính xác.
Ex: I have gone to Hanoi.
Ex: He has done his housework.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả hành động hoặc sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng kết quả
vẫn còn trong hiện tại.
Ex: He has broken his leg, so he can't play tennis.
Ex: You've broken this watch. (It isn't working now.)
c. Các phó từ thường đi kèm với thì hiện tại hoàn thành:
+ just, recently, lately: gần đây, vừa mới + ever: đã từng
+ never: chưa bao giờ
+ already: rồi
+ yet: chưa
+ since: từ khi (thời điểm)
+ for: trong (khoảng thời gian)
+ so far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho đến bây giờ
Lưu ý:
Các phó từ này chỉ được dùng kèm với thì hiện tại hoàn thành trong các câu đơn. Đối với câu
có từ hai mệnh đề trở lên hoặc trong một đoạn văn thì động từ phải được chia theo ngữ cảnh
chứ không phụ thuộc vào các phó từ (xem thêm ở phần Sequence of Tenses).
Ex: He has just seen her. But: He said that he had just seen her.
Ex: I have already done my exercises. But: When he came, I had already done my exercises.
2. So sánh kép (Double comparatives to show changes)
1. So sánh luỹ tiến (càng ngày càng)
a. Với tính từ ngắn
Công thức: Adj + er + and + adj + er
Ví dụ:
+ The summer is coming. It gets hotter and hotter. (Mùa hè đang đến. Trời càng ngày càng nóng.)
b. Với tính từ dài
Công thức: more/less and more/less + adj
Ví dụ:
+ She is more and more attractive. (Cô ấy càng ngày càng hấp dẫn.)
+ The environment is less and less pure. (Môi trường ngày càng ít trong lành.)
c. Với danh từ
Công thức: more and more + N
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Ví dụ:
+ There are more and more people moving to big cities to look for jobs. (Ngày càng có nhiều
người đến những thành phố lớn để kiếm việc làm.)
2. So sánh đồng tiến (càng... càng)
Công thức:
the + (so sánh hơn) comparative adj / adv+ S +V, the (so sánh hơn) comparative adj/adv + S + V
Ví dụ:
+ The older he gets, the weaker he is. (ông ấy càng già càng yếu.)
+ The more difficult the exercise is, the more interesting it is. (Bài tập càng khó thì càng thú vị)
+ The more I know him, the less I like him.
(Tôi càng biết nhiều về anh ấy thì tôi càng ít thích anh ấy.)
Lưu ý:
Trong câu so sánh kép, nếu túc từ là một danh từ thì ta đặt danh từ ấy ngay sau tính từ so sánh. Ví
dụ:
+ The more English vocabulary we know, the better we speak. Càng biết nhiều từ vựng tiếng Anh,
ta càng nói tốt hơn.
Lưu ý: Một số tính từ/ trạng từ không dùng ở dạng so sánh vì bản thân chúng đã mang tính tuyệt
đối:
Complete (hoàn toàn), favorite (yêu thích), ideal (lí tưởng), unique (duy nhất), excellent (xuất
sắc), full (đầy), empty (rỗng), perfect (hoàn hảo), right (đúng), really (thật sự), extreme (cực độ,
tột bậc), supreme (thượng hạng), absolute (tuyệt đối),...
* Một số công thức khác
1. So sánh gấp nhiều lần (multiple numbers comparison)
Công thức:
S + V + multiple numbers * +as + much/ many/ adj/ adv + (N) +as + N/pronoun
* Là những số như half/ twice/ 3, 4, 5… time; Phân số; Phần trăm.
Ví dụ:
+ She types twice as fast as I do.
(Cô ấy đánh máy nhanh gấp hai lần tôi đánh máy.)
+ In many contries in the world with the same job, women only get 40 – 50% as much as salary as
men. (Ở nhiều quốc gia, phụ nữ chỉ nhận được lương bằng với 40-50% lương của người đàn ông
khi họ có cùng một công việc.)
+ This encyclopedia costs twice as much as the other one.
(Bộ sách bách khoa toàn thư này mắc gấp đôi bộ còn lại.)
+ At the clambake last week, Fred ate three times as many oysters as Barney. (Trong buổi tiệc
tuần trước, Fred ăn hàu nhiêu gấp 3 lần Barney.)
Lưu ý:
Khi dùng so sánh loại này phải xác định rõ danh từ đó là đếm được hay không đếm được vì đằng
trước chúng có much và many.
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2. Từ chỉ số lượng dùng trước tính từ so sánh hơn để nhấn mạnh
Công thức: S + V + much/ a lot/ far/ a little/ a bit... + so sánh hơn + than + ...
Ví dụ:
+ She is much more hard-working than me. (Cô ấy chăm hơn tôi nhiều.)
3. Cấu trúc bắt đầu bằng "Of the two"
Công thức: Of the two + N (số nhiều), S + V + the + so sánh hơn
Ví dụ:
+ Of the two sisters, Mary is the prettier. (Trong số hai chị em gái, Mary xinh hơn.)
4. Để tránh lặp lại danh từ trong so sánh hơn, kém, ngang bằng, người ta dùng "that" thay
cho danh từ số ít và "those” thay cho danh từ số nhiều.
Ví dụ:
+ The population of China is much larger than that of any countries in the world.
(Dân số của Trung Quốc lớn hơn nhiều so với dân số của bất cứ quốc gia nào trên thế giới.)
+ The prices of Japanese cars are higher than those of Chinese ones. (Giá ô tô Nhật cao hơn giá ô
tô Trung Quốc.)

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PRACTICE TEST
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the
other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. concern
B. affordable
C. convenience
D. colonial
Question 2. A. high-rise
B. modernise
C. housing
D. sprawl
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. afford
B. housing
C. leisure
D. urban
Question 4. A. convenient
B. employment
C. expansion
D. resident
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Question 5. The city's
needs upgrading to meet the demands from its citizens.
A. leisure
B. convenience
C. infrastructure D. unemployment
Question 6. Youth crime in the inner city has increased in recent months, requiring
tightened security.
A. reliably
B. affordably
C. conveniently D. rapidly
Question 7. Air pollution and traffic congestion are two major among city dwellers.
A. concerns
B. residents
C. unemployment D. Infrastructure
Question 8. The urban
can threaten the unique charm of the countryside.
A. unemployment B. housing
C. leisure
D. sprawl
Question 9. Traffic in the
is a nightmare for commuters.
A. resident
B. rush hour
C. urbanisation
D. concern
Question 10. Many fresh graduates are struggling to
a nine-to-five job.
A. expand
B. seek
C. afford
D. modernise
Question 11. The municipal authority is implementing new policies to address affordable
_______ shortages.
A. housing
B. resident
C. concern
D. infrastructure
Question 12. This is the first time Henry
Ho Chi Minh's Mausoleum.
A. visited
B. visits
C. has visited
D. had visited
Question 13. The well is getting
polluted, forcing villagers to seek alternative clean
water sources.
A. much and moreB. much and much C. most and most D. more and more
Question 14. The higher property prices are, city dwellers can afford.
A. the fewest
B. fewer than
C. the fewer
D. the fewer than
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 15. Many old apartments in this part of the city need modernising; they are in
danger of collapsing anytime soon.
A. upgrading
B. destroying
C. renovating
D. developing
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
bold word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 16. City dwellers prefer to travel by elevated railway because it is reliable and
affordable.
A. dependable
B. inconvenient C. realistic
D. temporary
Read the following flyer and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 17 to 19.
EXPLORE THE EVOLUTION OF CITY LIFE AT OUR EXHIBITION!
●
Compare past and present urban (17)
●
Discover the cultural shifts and (18)
advancements
●
Engage (19)
interactive exhibits showcasing modern urban
innovations Date: March 15th - March 30th, 2024
Location: City Museum, 123 Main Street, Anytown
Question 17. A. purposes
B. intentions
C. landscapes
D. challenges
Question 18. A. technologist B. technologically C. Technology
D. technological
Question 19. A. for
B. with
C. to
D. Of
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of
the sentences to make a meaningful letter for the following question.
Question 20.
a. However, the fast pace can be overwhelming at times.
b. Firstly, the diversity here is astounding; you encounter people from all walks of life daily.
c. Warm regards.
d. Dear Laura, I hope you are well.
e. Looking forward to catching up soon!
f. Overall, the experience has been enriching, pushing me out of my comfort zone while
teaching me valuable lessons about adaptability.
g. Secondly, the opportunities for growth and exploration are endless.
h. Living in a big city has been exciting.
A. d – b – a – g – f – h – e – c
B. d – h – a – b – g – f – e – c
C. d – h – b – g – a – f – e – c
D. d – h – b – g – f – a – e – c

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 25.
Hanoi is a modern city with a population of over 8 million people. Over the years, the urban
area has gradually (21) to over 3,000 sq km including many of the surrounding villages.
As rural (22)
move into Ha Noi, the government is providing more affordable housing.
More high-rise buildings have also been built. Ha Noi has improved its transport
infrastructure, building new roads and bridges. It is modernising bus services using more
electric ones. The Ha Noi Metro opened to the public in 2021 and is (23)
to include
more lines by 2030. (24)
, urbanisation has created new problems. As more people come
to seek better job opportunities, the city is getting more and more crowded. This has (25)
to more traffic jams and higher unemployment rates. Air pollution is also causing concern
among city residents.
(Adapted from Global Success)
Question 21. A. afforded
B. expanded
C. modernised
D. concerned
Question 22. A. housing
B. concerns
C. residents
D. convenience
Question 23. A. expected
B. affected
C. imagined
D. structured
Question 24. A. Therefore
B. In addition
C. However
D. For example
Question 25. A. related
B. resulted
C. led
D. complied
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer
to each of the questions from 26 to 30.
Urbanisation in Malaysia started in the early 1970s. At that time, only around 26 per cent of
the population lived in urban areas. After a period of rapid growth, the urban and rural
populations were almost equal in the early 1990s. Since then, the urbanisation rate has
continued to increase gradually. The urban population, for example, rose from 66 per cent in
2004 to 74 per cent in 2014. At present, Malaysia is known as one of the most urbanised
countries in East Asia. It is also one of the most rapidly urbanised regions around the world.
According to the latest statistics, over 77 per cent of Malaysia's total population now live in
urban areas and cities.
Australia is an interesting example of early urbanisation, which started at the end of the
19th century. At that time, over 60 per cent of the population lived in urban areas. Since then,
it has maintained a gradual growth. This was also due to the country's immigration policy,
which encouraged people to settle in its coastal, urban areas. Australia is now one of the most
urbanised countries in the world, with almost 90 per cent of the population living in urban areas.
The two largest cities of Australia, Sydney and Melbourne, are home to over 40 per cent of the
country's population.
(Adapted from Global Success)
Question 26. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Challenges facing urbanised Malaysia and Australia
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B. The brief history of Malaysia and Australia
C. Urbanisation in Malaysia and Australia
D. Housing problems in Malaysia and Australia
Question 27. The word rose in paragraph 1 is opposite in meaning to _ .
A. increased
B. developed
C. evolved
D. declined
Question 28. According to paragraph 1, Malaysia .
A. is the most urbanised country in East Asia
B. has only 26% of its population living in urban areas
C. has witnessed a decrease in the urbanisation rate
D. is one of the most rapidly urbanised countries in the world
Question 29. The word its in paragraph 2 refers to .
A. immigration policy
B. a gradual growth
C. early urbanisation
D. Australia
Question 30. Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph 2?
A. Australia's immigration policy contributed to the growth of its urban population.
B. Urbanisation in Australia started at the end of the 19th century.
C. There are nearly 60 per cent of people living in urban areas in Australia.
D. Sydney and Melbourne are the two most crowded cities in Australia.
------------------------------------ HẾT ------------------------------------

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KEY PRACTICE TEST
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the
other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. concern
B. affordable
C. convenience
D. colonial
Question 2. A. high-rise
B. modernise
C. housing
D. sprawl
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. afford
B. housing
C. leisure
D. urban
Question 4. A. convenient
B. employment
C. expansion
D. resident
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Question 5. The city's
needs upgrading to meet the demands from its citizens.
A. leisure
B. convenience
C. infrastructure D. unemployment
Question 6. Youth crime in the inner city has increased in recent months, requiring
tightened security.
A. reliably
B. affordably
C. conveniently D. rapidly
Question 7. Air pollution and traffic congestion are two major among city dwellers.
A. concerns
B. residents
C. unemployment D. Infrastructure
Question 8. The urban
can threaten the unique charm of the countryside.
A. unemployment B. housing
C. leisure
D. sprawl
Question 9. Traffic in the
is a nightmare for commuters.
A. resident
B. rush hour
C. urbanisation
D. concern
Question 10. Many fresh graduates are struggling to
a nine-to-five job.
A. expand
B. seek
C. afford
D. modernise
Question 11. The municipal authority is implementing new policies to address affordable
_______ shortages.
A. housing
B. resident
C. concern
D. infrastructure
Question 12. This is the first time Henry
Ho Chi Minh's Mausoleum.
A. visited
B. visits
C. has visited
D. had visited
Question 13. The well is getting
polluted, forcing villagers to seek alternative clean
water sources.
A. much and moreB. much and much C. most and most D. more and more
Question 14. The higher property prices are, city dwellers can afford.
A. the fewest
B. fewer than
C. the fewer
D. the fewer than
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 15. Many old apartments in this part of the city need modernising; they are in
danger of collapsing anytime soon.
A. upgrading
B. destroying
C. renovating
D. developing
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
bold word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 16. City dwellers prefer to travel by elevated railway because it is reliable and
affordable.
A. dependable
B. inconvenient C. realistic
D. temporary
Read the following flyer and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 17 to 19.
EXPLORE THE EVOLUTION OF CITY LIFE AT OUR EXHIBITION!
●
Compare past and present urban (17)
●
Discover the cultural shifts and (18)
advancements
●
Engage (19)
interactive exhibits showcasing modern urban
innovations Date: March 15th - March 30th, 2024
Location: City Museum, 123 Main Street, Anytown
Question 17. A. purposes
B. intentions
C. landscapes
D. challenges
Question 18. A. technologist B. technologically C. Technology
D. technological
Question 19. A. for
B. with
C. to
D. Of
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of
the sentences to make a meaningful letter for the following question.
Question 20.
a. However, the fast pace can be overwhelming at times.
b. Firstly, the diversity here is astounding; you encounter people from all walks of life daily.
c. Warm regards.
d. Dear Laura, I hope you are well.
e. Looking forward to catching up soon!
f. Overall, the experience has been enriching, pushing me out of my comfort zone while
teaching me valuable lessons about adaptability.
g. Secondly, the opportunities for growth and exploration are endless.
h. Living in a big city has been exciting.
A. d – b – a – g – f – h – e – c
B. d – h – a – b – g – f – e – c
C. d – h – b – g – a – f – e – c
D. d – h – b – g – f – a – e – c

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 25.
Hanoi is a modern city with a population of over 8 million people. Over the years, the urban
area has gradually (21) to over 3,000 sq km including many of the surrounding villages.
As rural (22)
move into Ha Noi, the government is providing more affordable housing.
More high-rise buildings have also been built. Ha Noi has improved its transport
infrastructure, building new roads and bridges. It is modernising bus services using more
electric ones. The Ha Noi Metro opened to the public in 2021 and is (23)
to include
more lines by 2030. (24)
, urbanisation has created new problems. As more people come
to seek better job opportunities, the city is getting more and more crowded. This has (25)
to more traffic jams and higher unemployment rates. Air pollution is also causing concern
among city residents.
(Adapted from Global Success)
Question 21. A. afforded
B. expanded
C. modernised
D. concerned
Question 22. A. housing
B. concerns
C. residents
D. convenience
Question 23. A. expected
B. affected
C. imagined
D. structured
Question 24. A. Therefore
B. In addition
C. However
D. For example
Question 25. A. related
B. resulted
C. led
D. complied
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer
to each of the questions from 26 to 30.
Urbanisation in Malaysia started in the early 1970s. At that time, only around 26 per cent of
the population lived in urban areas. After a period of rapid growth, the urban and rural
populations were almost equal in the early 1990s. Since then, the urbanisation rate has
continued to increase gradually. The urban population, for example, rose from 66 per cent in
2004 to 74 per cent in 2014. At present, Malaysia is known as one of the most urbanised
countries in East Asia. It is also one of the most rapidly urbanised regions around the world.
According to the latest statistics, over 77 per cent of Malaysia's total population now live in
urban areas and cities.
Australia is an interesting example of early urbanisation, which started at the end of the
19th century. At that time, over 60 per cent of the population lived in urban areas. Since then,
it has maintained a gradual growth. This was also due to the country's immigration policy,
which encouraged people to settle in its coastal, urban areas. Australia is now one of the most
urbanised countries in the world, with almost 90 per cent of the population living in urban areas.
The two largest cities of Australia, Sydney and Melbourne, are home to over 40 per cent of the
country's population.
(Adapted from Global Success)
Question 26. What does the passage mainly discuss?
E. Challenges facing urbanised Malaysia and Australia
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F. The brief history of Malaysia and Australia
G. Urbanisation in Malaysia and Australia
H. Housing problems in Malaysia and Australia
Question 27. The word rose in paragraph 1 is opposite in meaning to _ .
A. increased
B. developed
C. evolved
D. declined
Question 28. According to paragraph 1, Malaysia .
E. is the most urbanised country in East Asia
F. has only 26% of its population living in urban areas
G. has witnessed a decrease in the urbanisation rate
H. is one of the most rapidly urbanised countries in the world
Question 29. The word its in paragraph 2 refers to .
A. immigration policy
B. a gradual growth
C. early urbanisation
D. Australia
Question 30. Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph 2?
E. Australia's immigration policy contributed to the growth of its urban population.
F. Urbanisation in Australia started at the end of the 19th century.
G. There are nearly 60 per cent of people living in urban areas in Australia.
H. Sydney and Melbourne are the two most crowded cities in Australia.
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