BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
(Đề thi gồm 05 trang)

KÌ THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT TỪ NĂM 2025
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – CT2026 1116
Thời gian làm bài 50 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

Họ và tên thí sinh: ……………………………………………………………………. SBD: …………………………
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to
5.
Question 1. a. Inhabitants of coastal regions housing large-scale facilities have reported that the low
hum of the constant rotation impairs their sleep quality.
b. Nevertheless, the argument for transitioning is not entirely convincing when the
implications for residents in the immediate vicinity are taken into account.
c. With the infrastructure in place, operational expenditures of wind mills are
substantially lower than those of coal or gas facilities.
d. Wind power has been promoted as a notably clean and economically viable
substitute for fossil fuels.
e. Progress on a country's renewable targets necessitates balancing each proposed
initiative against the burdens imposed upon local populations.
A. e – b – a – c – d
B. c – e – d – b – a
C. d – c – b – a – e
D. a – d – c – e – b
Question 2. a. Diner: Excuse me, I've been waiting so long for my order.
b. Diner: Thanks for your help.
c. Waiter: I'm sorry! I'll check with the kitchen and get back to you immediately.
A. a – b – c
B. b – c – a
C. c – b – a
D. a – c – b
Question 3. Dear Ms Hoang,
a. A payment of $5,000 will be released in the beginning, and the remaining balance
after the submission of your mid-term report.
b. Failure to respond by the stated date will result in the offer being granted to the next
qualified candidate.
c. We are delighted to inform you that you have been awarded the Young Researcher
Grant.
d. To confirm your acceptance, please sign the attached form and submit it by 31
August.
e. The funding is intended to support your fieldwork and must not be used for
equipment purchases without prior approval.
Yours sincerely,
A. c – a – b – e – d
B. c – e – a – d – b
C. c – b – e – d – a
D. c – a – b – d – e
Question 4. a. Customer: What if I don't keep the original packaging?
b. Customer: Great. I'll bring the item and receipt tomorrow.
c. Customer: I'd like to exchange the electric fan I bought yesterday.
d. Manager: Sold items can be exchanged within five days, but we don't give refunds.
e. Manager: No problem, only your receipt is needed.
A. c – d – a – e – b
B. a – d – c – e – b
C. c – e – a – d – b
D. a – e – c – d – b
Question 5. a. Initial results were impressive, as villagers reported broadband speeds comparable to
city standards with significantly improved reliability.
b. For years, the isolated villages of central Marsh County struggled with unreliable
copper cables that could not handle increasing bandwidth demands.
c. Consequently, the local council, partnering with two providers, committed to laying
fibre optic cables to every household within a year.
d. To minimise disruption, cables were placed along existing verges, while community
halls served as temporary installation hubs.
e. Encouraged by the villagers' satisfaction, neighbouring counties have requested
guidance on adopting the model for their remote villages.
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A. b – c – d – a – e

B. d – a – e – c – b

C. a – e – d – b – c

D. e – b – a – c – d

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.
Money has many ironies, and here is an important one: wealth is what you do not see. On
spotting a Ferrari driving around, (6) ______. In reality, however, many drivers of expensive cars turn
out to be only mediocre successes who spend a huge percentage of their paycheck on a vehicle.
Someone driving a hundred-thousand-dollar car might indeed be wealthy. Yet the only firm data point
you have about their wealth is that they have a hundred thousand dollars less than they did before
they bought the car or a hundred thousand dollars more in debt. (7) ______.
We tend to judge wealth by what we see (8) ______. We cannot peer into people's bank
accounts or brokerage statements, so we rely on outward appearances to gauge financial success:
cars, houses, photographs on social media. Modern capitalism has turned helping people fake it until
they make it into a cherished industry. (9) ______. Wealth hides in the nice car not purchased, the
diamonds left in the shop and the first-class upgrade declined. Wealth is the financial assets that have
not yet been converted into the stuff you see.
Hence, we should be careful (10) ______. It is more than mere semantics; not knowing the
difference is the source of countless poor money decisions.
(Adapted from Psychology of Money)
Question 6. A. you might assume that the owner of the car must be rich
B. you might be assumed to be the rich owner of the car
C. people might assume you must be the rich owner of the car
D. the car might be assumed to be owned by a rich person
Question 7. A. What you know is about them all B. You know what they are all about
C. All that you know is about them D. That is all you know about them
Question 8. A. unless we only have external clues as the information to work with
B. because external clues are the only information we have to work with
C. other than external clues as the information that we only have to work with
D. rather than by external clues as the only information we have to work with
Question 9. A. However, the truth remains that authentic wealth keeps its existence a secret
B. Authentic wealth, similarly, keeps its existence by secretly remaining truthful
C. Authentic wealth, as a consequence, secretly exists by remaining truthful
D. Likewise, the truth is that the existence of authentic wealth remains a secret
Question 10. A. for being wealthy to be distinguished from being rich
B. to distinguish between being wealthy and being rich
C. being wealthy is distinguishing itself from being rich
D. being wealthy and being rich distinguish themselves
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer
to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.
Environmental services, even when they arise without any human labour, are by no means
cost-free. Every cost should be understood in terms of opportunity cost. For environmental services,
the opportunity cost amounts to the net gain relinquished because the resources are no longer
available for their second-best application. Whenever a resource has alternative uses, it cannot
legitimately be deemed free.
For instance, a section of river might serve as a site used for either white-water canoeing or
hydroelectric generation. Constructing a dam to produce electricity would flood the rapids, so this
makes white-water canoeing here out of the question. The opportunity cost of preserving the river for
canoeing equals the net benefit of the electricity that would otherwise have been produced, once the
expenses of generation and distribution have been subtracted. By the same token, the opportunity
cost of erecting the dam involves everything the river in its natural state would have provided —
leisure activities, wildlife, scenic beauty, and whatever worth future generations might attach to
experiencing the rapids.
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This understanding carries considerable weight for planning development. [I] Numerous
decisions initially appearing to be cost-free moves in favour of growth prove, when examined
carefully, to be against something else. [II] Clearing a forest to make way for crops is hardly without
cost; it is paid for through losses in carbon storage, biological diversity, and all the functions the forest
once performed unnoticed. [III] Channelling a river for irrigation has its price — namely, whatever the
river was doing before its course was altered. [IV] Even leaving a swathe of land alone exacts a cost,
since the earnings that intensive exploitation might have produced are equally sacrificed.
From this perspective, economic development can never be reduced to whether a project
delivers a positive return. Rather, what must be asked is whether that return outweighs the value of
sacrifices. Policies considering this — by pricing scarce environmental services, or obliging those in
charge to consider both sides — are not against development. What they demand is that development
should be worth its true cost. The danger lies not in counting too much, but in counting too little.
(Adapted from Environmental Economics and Policy)
Question 11. The word relinquished in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. made up
B. given up
C. filled up
D. ended up
Question 12. According to paragraph 1, the costs of environmental services are ______.
A. minimal because these services are nearly labour-free
B. existent even in the absence of human involvement
C. determined by financial investment in natural resources
D. included in the market value of natural resources
Question 13. Which of the following is NOT implied in paragraph 2?
A. The intrinsic value of the river is not confined to generating hydroelectricity only.
B. Intangible benefits also constitute the opportunity cost of the dam construction.
C. It is impossible to exploit one stretch of river for both hydroelectric generation and whitewater canoeing.
D. The strains on the ecosystem of the river imposed by recreational activities and power
generation are similar.
Question 14. Where in paragraph 3 does the following sentence best fit?
Such hidden costs only come to light when one stops to think about the roles nature itself is quietly
playing.
A. [IV]
B. [III]
C. [II]
D. [I]
Question 15. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
A. Ecological preservation exerts negligible influence on economic development.
B. Economic benefits should never take precedence over forest and river preservation.
C. Untouched and cultivated lands both produce benefits in the long term.
D. Apparently harmless developments actually come at an underlying price.
Question 16. The word they in paragraph 4 refers to ______.
A. sacrifices
B. sides
C. services
D. policies
Question 17. What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 4?
A. Both excessive caution and complete ignorance regarding environmental costs cause
permanent damage.
B. Due consideration for opportunity costs is crucial for the genuine success of development.
C. Initiatives are required by law to deduct the hidden costs before claiming to have a positive
return.
D. Putting a price on environmental services is aimed at slowing down economic projects.
Question 18. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The positive return of every economic development must be worth what is sacrificed.
B. Cost-free resources can be put to alternative uses as long as this is legally permitted.
C. Assigning a specific price tag to a resource is a prerequisite for calculating opportunity costs.
D. Keeping land intact is free of opportunity cost as there is no resource consumption.
Question 19. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The scale of economic development inevitably suffers from strict regulations on
environmental services.
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B. The value of preserved environmental services far outweighs the benefits of industrial
development.
C. Projects are mandated to make up for the economic losses in return for environmental
preservation.
D. Decisions that overlook environmental opportunity costs risk overestimating the net gains
they produce.
Question 20. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Development: Factoring in Sacrifices
B. Natural Preservation: Ushering in a New Era
C. Sustainable Development: A Pipe Dream D. Environment: A Tower of Strength
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer
to each of the following questions from 21 to 28.
For most undergraduates today, opening a laptop at the start of a lecture has become as
automatic as sitting down. The device is no longer a tool consciously chosen; it is simply there, blinking
softly, ready to absorb every word that the instructor utters. Yet researchers who study students'
attention argue that this convenience comes at a price most learners are unaware that they are
paying.
A recent multi-campus study tracked the in-class behaviour of nearly two thousand
undergraduates across humanities and science courses. Even when students claimed to be “fully
focused,” eye-tracking data showed that they shifted between unrelated tabs an average of fourteen
times per fifty-minute session. The students themselves were astounded when they were shown the
results. Many had believed that they were absorbing every point made in class.
The findings underline an unsettling truth: digital multitasking is not just inefficient; it is
invisible to those engaged in it. Cognitive scientists describe this as “the illusion of competence” — the
false sense that because information has passed beneath one's eyes, it has been understood and
stored. Tests administered a week after the lectures consistently revealed otherwise, with laptopusing students recalling roughly a third less than those taking handwritten notes.
Things go from bad to worse when we take into account the fact that the very tools that
distract students are also genuinely essential for some forms of academic work. Annotating digital
texts, accessing research databases and recording lectures all benefit from screen-based learning. The
crucial question for tertiary institutions, then, is not to get rid of devices altogether but to teach
students when and how to set them aside. Until that skill is cultivated, the lecture hall may continue to
function less as a place of collective inquiry and more as a quiet place of solitary screens.
(Adapted from https://vanderbilthustler.com)
Question 21. In paragraph 1, the writer is ______.
A. questioning the real worth of costly laptops
B. arguing in favour of undergraduates' use of laptops
C. contrasting different methods of note-taking
D. warning against a common habit among students
Question 22. The word tracked in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. controlled
B. represented
C. examined
D. copied
Question 23. The word astounded in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A. brave
B. honest
C. calm
D. anxious
Question 24. The word those in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A. students
B. scientists
C. lectures
D. tests
Question 25. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. It is the digital devices used for certain complicated academic tasks at university that are
distracting students from more important assignments.
B. Some academic work at university requires students' genuine concentration, which has
become a complicated matter with bad-quality digital tools.
C. Not only certain academic assignments at university but also the digital tools useful for these
tasks are causing complicated problems for students.
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D. What complicates matters is that digital devices necessary for completing some university
work can interfere with students' concentration.
Question 26. Which of the following statements would the writer NOT agree with?
A. Those switching between tasks on digital devices are aware of its adverse impacts on productivity.
B. University students' use of laptops in classrooms has become a practice performed unconsciously.
C. Students have become more isolated in lecture halls because of the widespread use of
laptops.
D. Providing students with guidance for proper use of laptops is better than imposing a blanket
ban.
Question 27. In which paragraph does the writer mention a mismatch between self-report and
scientific findings?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 3
C. Paragraph 2
D. Paragraph 4
Question 28. In which paragraph does the writer provide examples for a general term?
A. Paragraph 2
B. Paragraph 1
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
Read the following flyer and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 29 to 34.
LET'S WARM THEIR HEARTS!
In many remote regions, children face the harsh cold, which affects their health and education. Your
kindness can warm their hearts. Let's work together to give them a better winter. Our project
includes:
Collection: Please (29) ______ out your old winter clothes by size and ensure that the items are dry
and in good (30) ______. You can drop them off at our collection points. This helps us organise the
donations faster.
Cleaning: We will have all donations (31) ______ to ensure that they are fresh. We use eco-friendly
detergents to (32) ______ the sensitive skin of the children.
Distribution: We (33) ______ with local schools to distribute the clothes directly to the students in
need.
If everyone (34) ______ a hand, we will help thousands of children stay warm this winter. Your small
act of kindness will create a big change!
Question 29. A. fill
B. catch
C. sort
D. turn
Question 30. A. condition
B. relation
C. situation
D. position
Question 31. A. washing
B. wash
C. being washed
D. washed
Question 32. A. protect
B. provide
C. promote
D. produce
Question 33. A. cooperative B. cooperatively
C. cooperation
D. cooperate
Question 34. A. give
B. gave
C. gives
D. have given
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 35 to 40.
GREEN HANDS, CLEAN LAND
The theme for Green Week 2026, “Green Hands, Clean Land”, puts (35) ______ on the role of our
community in protecting the environment. For several decades, climate change has had direct
effects on our daily life. (36) ______, unless action is taken, we will face food insecurity, water
shortages, and higher energy prices.
Since 2018, our annual campaigns have been coming up (37) ______. This year, we are planning two
activities: clean-up and tree-planting. Participation in (38) ______ activity is open to all residents.
Completed forms (39) ______ be submitted by 30 June.
It is time to make a big difference to our surroundings. The harder we try, (40) ______ our future
will be!
Apply now!
Question 35. A. intention
B. influence
C. emphasis
D. example
Question 36. A. Finally
B. Instead
C. However
D. Therefore
Question 37. A. roses
B. sky
C. goods
D. gold
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Question 38. A. either
Question 39. A. should
Question 40. A. greener

B. neither
B. should not
B. greenest

C. other
D. both
C. ought
D. ought not
C. the greenest
D. the greener
____HẾT____
Học sinh không được sử dụng tài liệu! Cán bộ coi thi không giải thích gì thêm!

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